Cisco 300-710 Securing Networks with Cisco Firepower (300-710 SNCF) Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 14 Q196-210
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Question 196
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows administrators to identify and control traffic based on file type, size, and transfer protocol?
A) File Policies
B) VLAN Trunking
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) File Policies
Explanation:
File Policies in Cisco Firepower enable administrators to inspect files traversing the network and enforce actions based on file type, size, transfer protocol, or risk assessment. This capability is critical because malicious actors often use different file types, including executables, PDFs, Office documents, or compressed archives, to distribute malware. File Policies provide granular control over file handling, allowing organizations to block, allow, or submit files for further analysis depending on their characteristics. The policies integrate with Advanced Malware Protection (AMP) and Cisco Threat Grid to provide both static and dynamic malware inspection. Static analysis evaluates files based on signatures, hashes, and metadata, identifying known threats immediately. Dynamic analysis involves executing unknown or suspicious files in a sandbox environment to monitor behavior, such as system modifications, registry changes, network connections, or attempts to propagate across endpoints. This approach ensures that previously unknown malware is detected before it reaches critical systems.
Administrators can define rules based on file type to prevent potentially harmful content from entering the network. For example, executable files may be blocked or quarantined, while text documents may be allowed but logged for analysis. File size can also be used to prevent large attachments from being transmitted over vulnerable channels. File Policies support multiple protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, and SMB, ensuring that all file transfers, whether encrypted or unencrypted, are subject to inspection. Integration with SSL Decryption ensures that files transmitted over HTTPS are also evaluated for threats. By correlating file metadata with user identity, policies can be tailored for different groups, roles, or network zones, providing a more granular security posture.
File Policies are particularly valuable in high-risk environments where files are exchanged frequently, such as corporate email servers, collaboration platforms, or cloud storage. They complement other Firepower features such as Security Intelligence, URL Filtering, and Access Control Policies, creating a multi-layered defense against malware and data exfiltration. Logging and reporting features allow administrators to generate detailed reports on blocked or analyzed files, supporting compliance audits and forensic investigations. These reports include information on file type, hash, user identity, protocol, source, and destination, allowing for thorough tracking of file activity across the network.
Other options do not provide the same functionality. VLAN Trunking separates traffic into multiple Layer 2 domains but does not inspect files or enforce file-based policies. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports to maintain connectivity, but do not provide file analysis or control. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments to prevent rogue devices but does not inspect or manage files.
By implementing File Policies effectively, organizations can prevent malware, ransomware, and other malicious content from reaching endpoints. The ability to inspect files based on type, size, and transfer protocol ensures proactive protection against evolving threats. File Policies, in conjunction with AMP and Threat Grid, provide comprehensive detection, logging, and reporting for operational and compliance purposes. This makes File Policies the correct answer.
Question 197
Which Firepower feature enables administrators to monitor and control application usage across the network, even when applications use non-standard ports?
A) Application Visibility and Control (AVC)
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Application Visibility and Control (AVC)
Explanation:
Application Visibility and Control (AVC) in Cisco Firepower provides the ability to identify and manage applications regardless of port or protocol. Many modern applications use dynamic ports, port hopping, or encapsulated protocols, making traditional port-based access control ineffective. AVC employs deep packet inspection, behavioral analysis, and contextual intelligence to detect applications and their versions, allowing administrators to enforce granular policies based on application identity. Policies can allow, block, limit bandwidth, or prioritize applications depending on organizational requirements. This helps control non-business-related applications, prevent unauthorized software usage, and reduce the risk of malware delivery through application channels.
AVC also integrates with user identity, URL Filtering, and other Firepower features. For example, access to a social media application can be allowed for marketing staff while restricted for finance employees. AVC can also enforce policies for collaboration tools, file-sharing services, or streaming platforms based on risk and compliance requirements. Traffic encrypted via SSL can be inspected when combined with SSL Decryption, ensuring that security enforcement is effective even for secure traffic. AVC provides detailed logging, including application type, user identity, source and destination, and volume of traffic. This information supports reporting, forensic analysis, and compliance audits.
VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic at Layer 2 but does not provide visibility or control over applications. NAT Policies modify IP addresses and ports but cannot detect or enforce application-level controls. DHCP Snooping protects network integrity by validating IP assignments, but does not monitor or manage application usage.
By leveraging AVC, administrators gain complete visibility into application usage and can enforce policies that balance security, productivity, and compliance. It allows organizations to manage bandwidth, prevent unauthorized applications, and detect potential threats embedded in application traffic. AVC’s ability to analyze traffic without relying on ports ensures that security enforcement remains effective even in complex, dynamic environments. This makes Application Visibility and Control the correct answer.
Question 198
Which Firepower feature allows security teams to track files and analyze their behavior across endpoints and network devices to support incident response?
A) File Trajectory
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) File Trajectory
Explanation:
File Trajectory in Cisco Firepower provides detailed visibility into the movement and behavior of files across the network and endpoints. It tracks files from the point of entry through all hosts, servers, and systems they interact with, enabling administrators to understand the potential impact of malicious files. This capability is critical during incident response, as it identifies which devices or network segments have been exposed to malware or suspicious files. By integrating with AMP, Threat Grid, and Retrospective Security, File Trajectory enables both real-time and retrospective analysis. If a file that was previously allowed is later classified as malicious, File Trajectory can trace all impacted systems, helping administrators take targeted remediation actions.
The feature collects metadata for each tracked file, including hash, type, size, protocol, source, destination, and timestamps. Analysts can visualize the file’s path, identify endpoints that received it, and correlate it with network traffic and user activity. This level of visibility is essential for understanding the scope of an attack, prioritizing remediation, and preventing further spread of threats. File Trajectory also supports compliance and forensic investigations by providing a record of file movement and interaction, allowing organizations to demonstrate due diligence in threat response and mitigation.
VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic but does not provide visibility into files or their movement. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports, but do not track file behavior. DHCP Snooping ensures valid IP assignments but does not provide insights into file interactions or endpoint exposure.
File Trajectory, combined with AMP, Threat Grid, and Security Intelligence, provides a holistic view of file behavior, enabling proactive and retrospective threat mitigation. By allowing security teams to see exactly where a file has traveled and which endpoints are affected, organizations can implement precise containment, remediation, and reporting measures. This makes File Trajectory the correct answer.
Question 199
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows administrators to decrypt, inspect, and then re-encrypt HTTPS traffic to enforce security policies?
A) SSL Decryption
B) VLAN Trunking
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) SSL Decryption
Explanation:
SSL Decryption in Cisco Firepower provides the capability to intercept, decrypt, inspect, and re-encrypt HTTPS traffic to enforce security policies effectively. With the widespread adoption of SSL/TLS encryption, a large percentage of web traffic is encrypted, which poses a challenge for traditional security measures because threats can be hidden within encrypted sessions. Without SSL Decryption, security devices are unable to inspect encrypted content for malware, command-and-control communications, phishing attempts, or policy violations. SSL Decryption addresses this blind spot by enabling the firewall to perform deep inspection of encrypted traffic in real time.
The process begins by intercepting HTTPS requests from clients. The Firepower appliance presents its own certificate to the client, acting as a trusted intermediary, while establishing a separate connection with the destination server. This allows the appliance to decrypt the traffic and analyze it using multiple security mechanisms such as Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), URL Filtering, Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), and Application Visibility and Control (AVC). Once inspection is complete, the traffic is re-encrypted and forwarded to its destination, maintaining confidentiality while ensuring security enforcement. Administrators can configure policies to selectively decrypt traffic based on source, destination, application, or content type, ensuring that sensitive data such as financial or medical information is exempted for compliance purposes.
SSL Decryption enhances visibility and control across the network. By inspecting encrypted traffic, administrators can identify threats that would otherwise bypass traditional detection mechanisms, including zero-day malware and evasive attack methods. It also allows enforcement of organizational policies regarding application usage, URL access, and data exfiltration. Logging and reporting capabilities provide detailed information about decrypted traffic, including user identity, URL category, file type, application, and security actions taken. This information supports incident response, forensic investigations, and regulatory compliance.
Other features do not provide this functionality. VLAN Trunking isolates network traffic into separate broadcast domains but does not inspect encrypted content. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports for connectivity purposes, but cannot analyze SSL traffic. DHCP Snooping protects against rogue DHCP servers but does not decrypt or inspect encrypted sessions.
By enabling SSL Decryption, Cisco Firepower ensures that encrypted traffic does not become a blind spot in network security. It complements AMP, AVC, IPS, and URL Filtering, providing comprehensive protection across both encrypted and unencrypted traffic. This makes SSL Decryption the correct answer.
Question 200
Which Firepower feature allows administrators to apply policies that automatically block traffic to IP addresses, URLs, or domains flagged as malicious by global threat intelligence?
A) Security Intelligence Feeds
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Security Intelligence Feeds
Explanation:
Security Intelligence Feeds in Cisco Firepower provide real-time, automated threat intelligence to help administrators block traffic to malicious IP addresses, URLs, and domains. These feeds leverage global threat intelligence, such as Cisco Talos, to provide continuously updated data on emerging threats, including botnets, command-and-control servers, phishing sites, and malware distribution sources. By integrating these feeds with access control policies, administrators can proactively enforce security measures without manual intervention, preventing malicious traffic from reaching endpoints or sensitive resources. This capability reduces exposure to known threats and minimizes the risk of malware propagation or data exfiltration.
Administrators can configure Security Intelligence Feeds for blocking or monitoring mode. In blocking mode, traffic from known malicious entities is automatically denied, while in monitoring mode, connections are allowed but logged for analysis. Custom lists can also be created for organization-specific requirements, such as blocking IP addresses associated with high-risk geographies or competitor networks. Security Intelligence Feeds are continually updated to reflect newly discovered threats, ensuring the network remains protected against emerging risks.
The primary advantage of Security Intelligence Feeds is proactive threat prevention. Instead of relying solely on signature-based detection or behavioral analysis, the network can automatically respond to threats based on real-time intelligence. Logs and reports generated from Security Intelligence Feeds provide detailed insight into blocked traffic, threat patterns, and potential exposure. Integration with Firepower Management Center (FMC) allows centralized management, policy deployment, and analysis across multiple Firepower devices.
Other options do not provide this functionality. VLAN Segmentation separates traffic at Layer 2 for organizational purposes but does not block malicious traffic. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports to maintain connectivity but cannot enforce threat-based blocking. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments to prevent rogue devices but does not use threat intelligence to block malicious destinations.
By leveraging Security Intelligence Feeds, Firepower delivers a proactive layer of defense against known threats. This feature enables automated enforcement of security policies, reduces risk exposure, and supports compliance requirements. It integrates with other security capabilities such as AMP, IPS, and URL Filtering to provide a layered, comprehensive security posture. This makes Security Intelligence Feeds the correct answer.
Question 201
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows administrators to view detailed information about files traversing the network, including origin, movement, and endpoints affected?
A) File Trajectory
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) File Trajectory
Explanation:
File Trajectory in Cisco Firepower provides a detailed view of the movement and behavior of files across the network and endpoints. It enables administrators to track a file from its point of entry through all systems and devices it interacts with, providing visibility into the file’s origin, path, and endpoints affected. This feature is critical for incident response, as it allows administrators to understand the scope of exposure and implement targeted remediation measures. File Trajectory integrates with Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), Threat Grid, and Retrospective Security to provide both real-time and retrospective analysis. If a file initially considered safe is later identified as malicious, File Trajectory enables administrators to quickly trace the file’s path and assess which systems were exposed.
Metadata collected by File Trajectory includes file hash, size, type, protocol, source, destination, and timestamps. This information allows analysts to reconstruct the file’s activity and determine the impact of potential threats. File Trajectory supports visualization tools that help security teams understand the distribution and movement of files across complex network environments. It also aids forensic investigations by providing historical context and evidence of malicious activity.
Other options do not provide this functionality. VLAN Segmentation isolates network traffic but does not provide file-level visibility. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports for connectivity but do not track file behavior. DHCP Snooping protects against rogue DHCP servers but does not monitor files or endpoints.
By enabling detailed tracking and analysis, File Trajectory enhances incident response, threat mitigation, and compliance reporting. Administrators can quickly identify affected systems, contain threats, and remediate impacted endpoints. It complements AMP, Threat Grid, and Security Intelligence, creating a comprehensive, layered approach to network security. File Trajectory ensures that files are monitored from entry to endpoint, providing actionable intelligence for proactive defense and forensic investigation, making it the correct answer.
Question 202
Which Cisco Firepower feature enables organizations to enforce policies and monitor web access by categorizing websites into predefined categories?
A) URL Filtering
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) URL Filtering
Explanation:
URL Filtering in Cisco Firepower is a critical feature that allows organizations to enforce web access policies and monitor traffic by categorizing websites into predefined categories. Modern networks face significant threats from malicious websites, phishing attempts, ransomware, and inappropriate content. URL Filtering mitigates these risks by enabling administrators to allow, block, or monitor access to websites based on categories such as social media, finance, education, malware distribution, or adult content. This functionality ensures that users access the web safely and that organizational policies and compliance requirements are enforced.
The feature operates by comparing requested URLs against a constantly updated database of categorized websites. This database is maintained with intelligence from sources such as Cisco Talos and can be supplemented with custom lists for organization-specific needs. When a user attempts to access a website, the Firepower appliance evaluates the URL and applies the configured policy. Administrators can also configure policies based on user identity, network segment, time of day, or device type. URL Filtering can operate in real-time enforcement mode, blocking access, or monitoring mode, where access is logged but not interrupted.
URL Filtering works seamlessly with other Firepower features, including SSL Decryption, which enables inspection of encrypted HTTPS traffic. Without SSL Decryption, a significant portion of web traffic would bypass content inspection because most modern websites use encryption. By decrypting traffic, URL Filtering ensures visibility into all web activity and enforces policies effectively, preventing threats hidden in encrypted communications. Administrators can also integrate URL Filtering with Application Visibility and Control (AVC) to manage applications that access web resources, providing a layered approach to security.
Logging and reporting are key components of URL Filtering. Firepower generates detailed reports of user activity, blocked attempts, and policy enforcement, supporting both operational monitoring and compliance audits. Organizations can track which users attempted to access restricted content, assess the impact of policy changes, and analyze trends over time. URL Filtering reduces exposure to web-based threats, improves productivity by restricting non-business-related web usage, and ensures compliance with regulatory requirements.
Other options do not provide this functionality. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic at Layer 2 but does not categorize or control web access. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports for connectivity purposes but do not provide content-based control. DHCP Snooping protects against rogue DHCP servers and invalid IP assignments but does not monitor or enforce website access.
By implementing URL Filtering, organizations gain granular control over web activity, protecting users from malicious or inappropriate content while supporting security policies and compliance requirements. The feature complements SSL Decryption, Security Intelligence, and AVC to provide a comprehensive defense against threats and policy violations, making URL Filtering the correct answer.
Question 203
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows administrators to enforce network policies based on user identity instead of only IP addresses?
A) Identity-Based Access Control (IBAC)
B) VLAN Trunking
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Identity-Based Access Control (IBAC)
Explanation:
Identity-Based Access Control (IBAC) in Cisco Firepower enables organizations to enforce security policies based on user identity, rather than relying solely on IP addresses. In dynamic and mobile environments, users frequently access resources from different devices, subnets, and locations. IP-based enforcement alone may be ineffective, as a single IP address could represent multiple users or change frequently due to DHCP. IBAC integrates with identity sources such as Active Directory, LDAP, or RADIUS to map users to their network activity, allowing administrators to apply granular, role-based policies.
IBAC policies allow organizations to control access to applications, network segments, or websites based on user identity or group membership. For example, finance employees may access sensitive financial systems while restricting contractors to general resources. IBAC works alongside URL Filtering, Application Visibility and Control (AVC), Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), and SSL Decryption to enforce security at the user level. Traffic associated with specific users can be inspected, logged, or blocked based on risk level or organizational requirements.
The main advantage of IBAC is enhanced visibility and control. Security teams can correlate network events and anomalies with individual users, supporting incident response, accountability, and compliance. Policies can be enforced consistently, even when users change devices or network segments. IBAC also allows administrators to apply temporary exceptions or conditional access policies based on user identity, enhancing operational flexibility. Reports generated from IBAC provide detailed insight into user activity, resource access, and security events, supporting forensic analysis and compliance audits.
Other options do not provide identity-based enforcement. VLAN Trunking isolates traffic at Layer 2 but does not identify users. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports but cannot differentiate traffic by user identity. DHCP Snooping ensures valid IP assignments but does not correlate activity with user accounts.
By leveraging IBAC, organizations maintain consistent security controls across dynamic networks, enforce role-based access, improve visibility, and enhance incident response. It allows policy enforcement to be user-centric rather than device-centric, supporting compliance, operational efficiency, and proactive security, making Identity-Based Access Control the correct answer.
Question 204
Which Firepower feature allows administrators to track files across the network, correlate their behavior with endpoints, and support forensic analysis?
A) File Trajectory
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) File Trajectory
Explanation:
File Trajectory in Cisco Firepower provides detailed visibility into the movement and behavior of files across the network and endpoints. It allows administrators to track a file from the point of entry through all devices it touches, providing a complete picture of its path, impact, and endpoints affected. This feature is particularly valuable for incident response, forensic investigations, and threat mitigation. File Trajectory integrates with Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), Threat Grid, and Retrospective Security to provide both real-time and retrospective analysis. Files that were previously allowed but later identified as malicious can be traced across the network to determine exposure and take corrective action.
Metadata collected by File Trajectory includes file hash, size, type, source, destination, and timestamps. Security teams can visualize file paths, correlate activity with endpoints and users, and identify affected systems. This enables targeted remediation, such as isolating compromised hosts, removing malicious files, and updating policies to prevent future incidents. File Trajectory also supports reporting and compliance requirements, providing detailed evidence of file movement and security enforcement.
Other options do not provide this functionality. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic but does not monitor files or their behavior. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports but cannot track or correlate file movement. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments but does not provide file-level visibility or forensic analysis capabilities.
By implementing File Trajectory, organizations gain actionable intelligence for incident response, risk mitigation, and compliance reporting. It allows administrators to understand the scope of exposure, identify affected endpoints, and implement effective remediation measures. File Trajectory complements AMP, Threat Grid, and Retrospective Security, providing a holistic approach to network security and forensic investigation, making it the correct answer.
Question 205
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows the firewall to inspect traffic in real time and apply rules to prevent known and unknown threats?
A) Advanced Malware Protection (AMP)
B) VLAN Trunking
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Advanced Malware Protection (AMP)
Explanation:
Advanced Malware Protection (AMP) in Cisco Firepower provides comprehensive threat detection and prevention by inspecting network traffic in real time and applying rules to block both known and unknown threats. AMP combines multiple layers of security, including signature-based detection, file reputation analysis, and behavioral monitoring, to provide robust protection against malware, ransomware, and other malicious activities. The solution tracks files from their initial entry into the network and continuously monitors their behavior to detect malicious intent. This continuous monitoring ensures that even files initially considered safe can be reclassified as threats if their behavior or new intelligence indicates risk.
AMP integrates closely with Cisco Threat Grid and File Policies to deliver both static and dynamic analysis of files. Static analysis uses signature databases and file reputation data to identify known malware instantly, while dynamic analysis allows unknown or suspicious files to be executed in a secure sandbox environment, where behavioral indicators of malicious activity are observed. This two-pronged approach ensures protection against both known threats and zero-day attacks that evade traditional defenses. File analysis includes monitoring for suspicious changes to system files, registry modifications, communication with command-and-control servers, or attempts to spread laterally across the network.
The benefits of AMP extend beyond real-time threat detection. By tracking the movement of files and correlating their behavior across endpoints, administrators gain deep visibility into potential threats and compromised systems. Integration with Firepower Management Center (FMC) allows centralized monitoring, reporting, and policy enforcement, simplifying management in complex network environments. Detailed logs and alerts provide actionable intelligence, enabling rapid incident response, targeted remediation, and compliance reporting. Administrators can configure policies for automated actions, such as blocking malicious files, quarantining suspicious content, or alerting security teams, providing a proactive and consistent approach to threat mitigation.
Other options do not provide real-time inspection and threat prevention capabilities. VLAN Trunking isolates network traffic but does not inspect content for threats. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports but do not analyze or block malicious files. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments to prevent rogue devices but does not provide malware protection.
AMP’s continuous file tracking, integration with sandbox analysis, and behavioral monitoring ensure a comprehensive security posture. It enables organizations to prevent malware, ransomware, and other malicious content from compromising endpoints or critical infrastructure. By leveraging AMP, Firepower delivers both preventive and retrospective protection, identifying threats at the network perimeter and continuously monitoring files across the enterprise. This makes Advanced Malware Protection the correct answer.
Question 206
Which Cisco Firepower feature provides automated analysis of suspicious files in a sandbox environment to detect previously unknown threats?
A) Cisco Threat Grid
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Cisco Threat Grid
Explanation:
Cisco Threat Grid is a powerful feature in Firepower that enables automated dynamic analysis of suspicious files in a secure sandbox environment to detect unknown malware and advanced threats. Unlike static signature-based detection, Threat Grid executes files in an isolated virtualized environment where behavioral patterns are closely monitored. This dynamic analysis allows organizations to detect malicious actions that may not be apparent through traditional inspection, such as lateral movement attempts, system modifications, unauthorized network communications, or data exfiltration. Threat Grid is essential for identifying zero-day threats, polymorphic malware, and evasive attacks that bypass conventional defenses.
The process begins with submitting suspicious files identified by AMP, File Policies, or Security Intelligence. Within the sandbox, Threat Grid executes the files under controlled conditions and monitors their behavior across multiple layers, including operating system interactions, network communications, file changes, and registry modifications. Behavioral analytics and threat intelligence are applied to identify malicious patterns and assess risk. Once the analysis is complete, Threat Grid generates detailed reports that include observed behaviors, threat scores, and indicators of compromise. This information is then integrated into Firepower policies to automate enforcement actions, such as blocking the file, alerting administrators, or triggering retrospective analysis on endpoints that previously interacted with the file.
Threat Grid also supports retrospective threat detection by correlating newly discovered malware with previously allowed files. This ensures that threats identified post-entry are quickly mitigated, reducing the impact of zero-day or stealth attacks. Security teams can use Threat Grid reports to conduct forensic investigations, determine exposure, and implement remediation measures across affected devices and networks. Integration with Firepower Management Center provides centralized visibility, policy management, and reporting, enabling organizations to maintain a comprehensive security posture.
Other options do not provide sandbox-based dynamic malware analysis. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic but cannot detect or analyze threats. NAT Policies manage IP and port translation but do not analyze files for malicious behavior. DHCP Snooping validates network addresses but does not inspect or sandbox files.
By leveraging Cisco Threat Grid, organizations gain proactive and automated detection of previously unknown threats, supporting both prevention and retrospective security. It enhances AMP and File Policy effectiveness by ensuring that unknown malware is identified, contained, and mitigated. Threat Grid’s ability to provide detailed behavioral reports, integrate with Firepower policies, and track the impact of files across endpoints makes it an essential component of a multi-layered security strategy. This makes Cisco Threat Grid the correct answer.
Question 207
Which Firepower feature allows security teams to reanalyze files that were previously allowed once new intelligence identifies them as malicious?
A) Retrospective Security
B) VLAN Trunking
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Retrospective Security
Explanation:
Retrospective Security in Cisco Firepower is a critical capability that allows organizations to reanalyze files that were previously allowed through the network once new threat intelligence identifies them as malicious. Traditional security inspection may initially allow unknown files that do not match existing malware signatures or appear benign. However, as new intelligence emerges, these files may be classified as threats. Retrospective Security enables Firepower to retrospectively evaluate these files, track their movement across endpoints, and identify any systems that were exposed. This ensures that threats are mitigated even if they bypassed initial detection.
The feature works by maintaining a history of all files traversing the network, including metadata, hash values, and system interactions. When new intelligence updates classify a previously allowed file as malicious, Firepower generates alerts and reports showing which endpoints received or interacted with the file. Security teams can then take corrective actions, such as isolating compromised hosts, removing the file, or updating policies to block future occurrences. Retrospective Security integrates with AMP, Threat Grid, and File Trajectory, providing a comprehensive view of exposure, behavioral analysis, and movement tracking.
Retrospective Security also supports compliance and forensic requirements. By providing historical evidence of file interactions and subsequent threat classification, organizations can demonstrate due diligence in monitoring and responding to threats. Detailed reporting allows teams to analyze patterns, assess risk, and improve future security policies. This approach ensures continuous protection against zero-day threats and other advanced malware that may have initially evaded detection.
Other options do not provide this functionality. VLAN Trunking isolates network traffic but does not reanalyze files. NAT Policies translate IP addresses but cannot retroactively inspect previously allowed content. DHCP Snooping validates network addresses but does not track or reevaluate file security.
By enabling the reanalysis of previously allowed files, Retrospective Security closes gaps in traditional threat detection. It ensures that unknown or initially benign files do not compromise endpoints once they are identified as malicious, providing continuous protection, enhanced visibility, and improved incident response capabilities. This makes Retrospective Security the correct answer.
Question 208
Which Cisco Firepower feature allows administrators to enforce network security policies across multiple devices from a single interface, providing centralized management and reporting?
A) Firepower Management Center (FMC)
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Firepower Management Center (FMC)
Explanation:
Firepower Management Center (FMC) is the centralized management platform for Cisco Firepower devices, enabling administrators to enforce network security policies, monitor events, and manage multiple Firepower appliances from a single interface. FMC provides a comprehensive view of network security, consolidating configuration, policy management, logging, and reporting across distributed devices. Centralized management ensures consistent security enforcement, reduces administrative complexity, and improves operational efficiency.
With FMC, administrators can configure access control policies, intrusion prevention rules, Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), URL Filtering, Security Intelligence, SSL Decryption, and Application Visibility and Control (AVC) across all managed devices. This integration allows security teams to apply consistent policies to different network segments, data centers, or remote locations without manually configuring each device. FMC also supports deployment templates, which simplify the process of applying standardized configurations to multiple devices simultaneously.
FMC collects and aggregates logs and events from all managed devices, providing actionable insights into network activity. Detailed dashboards display threat trends, blocked traffic, policy violations, and application usage. Security teams can drill down into events, analyze incidents, and correlate alerts across multiple devices to identify attack patterns or potential compromises. Reporting capabilities support compliance and audit requirements, allowing organizations to demonstrate adherence to regulatory standards and internal policies.
FMC also enables automation of routine tasks, such as signature updates, policy deployment, and scheduled reporting. Integration with Retrospective Security, File Trajectory, AMP, and Threat Grid provides a holistic view of threats and file behavior across the network, improving incident response and threat mitigation. Administrators can generate alerts for suspicious activities, automate remediation actions, and track exposure to previously unknown threats, all through the centralized interface.
Other options do not provide centralized management. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic at Layer 2 but does not manage security policies across multiple devices. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports but cannot enforce security or provide reporting. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments but does not provide centralized policy management or visibility.
By leveraging Firepower Management Center, organizations gain centralized control over security enforcement, visibility into network events, and the ability to respond rapidly to emerging threats. FMC consolidates multiple security functions into a single platform, enhancing operational efficiency, consistency, and compliance while supporting proactive and retrospective threat mitigation. This makes Firepower Management Center the correct answer.
Question 209
Which Cisco Firepower feature inspects all network traffic for threats, enforces access policies, and provides real-time protection against malware and intrusions?
A) Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)
Explanation:
The Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) in Cisco Firepower provides comprehensive, multi-layered network protection by inspecting all traffic, enforcing access policies, and providing real-time defense against malware, intrusions, and application-layer threats. Unlike traditional firewalls, which rely solely on IP addresses, ports, and protocols, NGFWs integrate advanced security features such as deep packet inspection, intrusion prevention systems (IPS), Advanced Malware Protection (AMP), URL Filtering, and Application Visibility and Control (AVC). This combination enables organizations to defend against both known and unknown threats while maintaining granular control over network activity.
NGFWs in Firepower analyze traffic at multiple layers of the OSI model, including application and user layers. This allows organizations to enforce policies based on applications, user identity, and content, rather than just IP addresses or ports. For example, administrators can allow or restrict access to specific collaboration tools or file-sharing platforms while blocking unauthorized applications. Deep packet inspection identifies malicious payloads and patterns indicative of attacks, providing real-time threat prevention. Integration with AMP and Threat Grid enables NGFWs to detect and block malware, ransomware, and zero-day threats by analyzing files both statically and dynamically.
The NGFW also supports SSL Decryption, which allows inspection of encrypted traffic without compromising confidentiality. By decrypting SSL/TLS traffic, Firepower NGFW ensures that malware or malicious commands hidden within encrypted sessions are detected and mitigated. Security Intelligence Feeds further enhance protection by automatically blocking traffic to IP addresses, URLs, or domains flagged as malicious by global intelligence sources. NGFW provides logging, alerts, and reporting, allowing administrators to monitor network activity, investigate incidents, and ensure compliance.
Other options do not provide full-layer inspection or threat enforcement. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic but does not analyze content or block threats. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports but do not inspect traffic or enforce security. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments but provides no malware or intrusion protection.
By deploying a Firepower Next-Generation Firewall, organizations gain real-time visibility into network activity, proactive threat prevention, and granular control over applications and users. The NGFW integrates multiple security functions into a single device, providing comprehensive protection against modern threats and ensuring network resilience. This makes Next-Generation Firewall the correct answer.
Question 210
Which Firepower feature enables security teams to dynamically block traffic based on global threat intelligence, including known malicious IP addresses, domains, and URLs?
A) Security Intelligence Feeds
B) VLAN Segmentation
C) NAT Policies
D) DHCP Snooping
Answer: A) Security Intelligence Feeds
Explanation:
Security Intelligence Feeds in Cisco Firepower allow organizations to dynamically block traffic to and from known malicious IP addresses, domains, and URLs by leveraging real-time global threat intelligence. This feature provides proactive protection against botnets, phishing sites, command-and-control servers, malware distribution points, and other malicious entities. Security Intelligence Feeds are continuously updated from sources like Cisco Talos, ensuring that Firepower devices can respond immediately to emerging threats without requiring manual intervention. By integrating these feeds with access control policies, administrators can automate threat prevention across the network.
Administrators can configure feeds to operate in blocking or monitoring mode. Blocking mode automatically denies traffic to malicious destinations, preventing threats from reaching endpoints. Monitoring mode allows traffic while logging attempts for analysis, helping organizations assess risk without immediately disrupting operations. Custom lists can also be created to block organization-specific high-risk IP addresses, geographies, or domains. Security Intelligence Feeds integrate with other Firepower features, such as AMP, URL Filtering, and NGFW capabilities, to provide layered protection.
The primary advantage of Security Intelligence Feeds is proactive threat mitigation. Traditional signature-based detection may not catch new or evolving threats, but these feeds provide real-time updates to block malicious entities before damage occurs. Alerts generated from blocked traffic include details on source, destination, type of threat, and affected users, enabling rapid incident response. Integration with Firepower Management Center centralizes policy management, event correlation, and reporting, providing complete visibility across distributed networks.
Other options do not provide automated threat blocking. VLAN Segmentation isolates traffic but cannot enforce threat-based policies. NAT Policies translate IP addresses and ports, but do not detect or block malicious traffic. DHCP Snooping validates IP assignments but does not prevent malicious communications.
By leveraging Security Intelligence Feeds, organizations enhance their network security posture with automated, real-time threat blocking, reducing exposure to known threats and supporting compliance. It provides a proactive layer of defense, integrating with other Firepower features to ensure a comprehensive and resilient security strategy. This makes Security Intelligence Feeds the correct answer.