Microsoft SC-900 Microsoft Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 8 Q106-120
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Question 106
A company wants to prevent users from accessing corporate applications from unsecured devices or locations while still allowing access from trusted networks. Which Microsoft solution should be implemented?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is a powerful security capability that allows organizations to control access to applications and resources based on a combination of factors, including user identity, device compliance, location, and application sensitivity. By leveraging these signals, Conditional Access provides IT teams with the ability to dynamically permit or restrict access in real time, ensuring that only trusted users on secure devices can connect to critical systems. This level of control is particularly important in modern hybrid and cloud environments, where users may access applications from various locations, networks, and devices, and where the potential for unauthorized access is significantly higher. Conditional Access ensures that security policies are applied consistently, helping organizations protect sensitive data while maintaining operational efficiency.
One of the key strengths of Conditional Access is its integration with Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies. Intune Compliance Policies evaluate the health and security posture of devices by checking for factors such as encryption, antivirus status, firewall activation, and operating system patch compliance. Conditional Access can then use this information to make real-time decisions about whether a device should be allowed to access corporate resources. For example, a device that does not meet compliance standards may be blocked from logging into email or enterprise applications, or it may be granted limited access with additional verification steps, such as multi-factor authentication. This combination of device assessment and dynamic access enforcement adds a robust layer of protection, ensuring that only secure and compliant devices interact with organizational resources.
While Conditional Access focuses on access control and enforcement, other Microsoft security solutions serve complementary roles but are not designed to enforce real-time access decisions. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies, for instance, provide detailed assessments of device compliance and health, but they do not inherently block or allow access to applications based on risk signals or network context. Compliance Policies indicate whether a device meets organizational standards, but rely on Conditional Access to enforce restrictions when a device fails compliance checks. Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager, on the other hand, evaluates an organization’s overall regulatory compliance posture, offering actionable recommendations for meeting standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, or ISO certifications. While it is essential for audit readiness and governance, Purview does not control user access in real time or respond dynamically to risk events. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps provides monitoring and session control for cloud applications, detecting risky behavior and enforcing certain session-level protections. However, without integration with Conditional Access, Defender for Cloud Apps cannot fully prevent access from untrusted or non-compliant devices before authentication.
By implementing Conditional Access policies, organizations gain the flexibility to combine multiple signals to enforce access in a nuanced, risk-based manner. Policies can consider the user’s identity, device compliance status, geographic location, and sensitivity of the requested application to determine whether access should be allowed, restricted, or require additional verification steps. For high-risk scenarios, Conditional Access can enforce multi-factor authentication, block risky sign-ins, or limit access to only certain resources, thereby minimizing the likelihood of account compromise. At the same time, low-risk users and trusted devices can access applications seamlessly, maintaining productivity without unnecessary friction.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access provides a comprehensive framework for managing modern access security. By integrating signals from user identity, device compliance, location, and application sensitivity, organizations can enforce dynamic access controls that protect sensitive data while allowing legitimate users to work efficiently. Its ability to integrate with Intune Compliance Policies enhances security by ensuring that only secure devices gain access, while its complementary role alongside Purview Compliance Manager and Defender for Cloud Apps allows organizations to maintain a holistic approach to security, governance, and monitoring. Conditional Access empowers organizations to adopt a proactive, adaptive, and secure approach to managing access in today’s complex IT environments.
Question 107
A company wants to detect and respond to suspicious sign-in activities, such as impossible travel and unfamiliar locations, to protect user accounts. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Identity Protection is a robust cloud-based solution that enables organizations to detect, assess, and respond to identity-related security risks in real time. As identity compromise becomes a primary attack vector for cyber threats, it is increasingly critical for organizations to monitor user accounts and sign-in activities continuously. Entra Identity Protection leverages advanced machine learning and behavioral analytics to identify suspicious activities that may indicate a compromised account. This includes detecting impossible travel scenarios, where a user appears to sign in from geographically distant locations in a short time, as well as logins from unfamiliar locations or devices that are inconsistent with typical usage patterns. The system can also detect the use of leaked or exposed credentials, providing early warning of potential account compromise.
Once potential risks are identified, Entra Identity Protection assigns risk levels to both users and individual sign-in sessions. These risk scores form the foundation for automated, policy-driven responses, enabling organizations to act quickly to mitigate threats without requiring constant manual oversight. Depending on the severity of the risk, administrators can configure automated actions such as prompting users to reset their passwords, requiring multi-factor authentication to confirm identity, or temporarily blocking access to sensitive systems until further verification is completed. This proactive approach ensures that organizations can respond immediately to threats, reducing the likelihood of account compromise and minimizing the potential impact of attacks.
While other Microsoft security solutions provide valuable protection, they do not offer the same real-time identity risk detection and remediation capabilities. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies are designed to enforce device security configurations, such as encryption, antivirus compliance, and operating system patch levels. While essential for maintaining device health, Intune does not analyze user behavior or detect risks associated with compromised identities. Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager focuses on regulatory compliance and audit readiness, helping organizations meet industry standards and maintain governance controls. However, it does not monitor sign-ins or provide automated responses to identity threats. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps offers cloud application monitoring and session controls, allowing administrators to manage application usage and access, but it does not perform identity risk assessment or trigger automated remediation based on suspicious user activity.
By integrating Entra Identity Protection with Conditional Access, organizations can enforce dynamic policies that respond to risk levels in real time. For example, a user flagged as high risk might be required to complete multi-factor authentication before accessing sensitive applications, while low-risk users can continue to work uninterrupted. This integration provides a seamless balance between security and usability, protecting critical accounts without unnecessarily disrupting legitimate workflows.
Microsoft Entra Identity Protection delivers a comprehensive, automated approach to identity security. Continuous monitoring of user activity, applying machine learning to detect anomalies, and enabling automated responses, allows organizations to proactively protect accounts against sophisticated threats. This solution reduces the risk of breaches, provides actionable insights into identity security, and ensures that access to organizational resources is managed safely and efficiently, making it an essential tool for modern cybersecurity strategies.
Question 108
An organization needs to enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for users accessing sensitive applications while allowing access from trusted locations without MFA. Which Microsoft solution should they use?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Sentinel
D) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is a powerful tool that allows organizations to implement flexible, dynamic access policies that protect critical applications and resources while maintaining a balance between security and usability. Conditional Access enables IT administrators to require multi-factor authentication (MFA) based on a variety of signals, including user risk, device compliance, geographic location, or the sensitivity of the application being accessed. This capability allows organizations to enforce strong authentication measures in high-risk scenarios while minimizing disruption for trusted users accessing resources from secure environments. For example, an employee signing in from a recognized corporate network or a trusted location can bypass MFA, whereas the same employee attempting to access the application from an unfamiliar or high-risk location may be required to complete MFA before being granted access. This adaptive approach ensures both robust security and a seamless user experience, reducing the likelihood of account compromise without impeding productivity.
One of the key strengths of Conditional Access is its integration with Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies. Intune evaluates the health and security posture of devices, checking for critical configurations such as encryption, antivirus protection, firewall activation, and operating system patch levels. Conditional Access leverages this compliance information to determine whether a device should be allowed to access corporate resources. For instance, if a device is flagged as non-compliant because it lacks required security updates, Conditional Access can block access to sensitive applications or require additional verification steps, such as MFA, before granting limited access. This integration ensures that organizational policies are enforced consistently across devices, reducing the risk of unauthorized access from compromised or insecure endpoints while enabling IT teams to maintain visibility over device health and compliance.
While Conditional Access focuses on real-time enforcement of authentication and access policies, other Microsoft security tools provide complementary, but distinct, capabilities. Microsoft Sentinel, for example, is a cloud-native security information and event management (SIEM) and security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR) platform. Sentinel is designed to collect data from multiple sources, detect anomalies, generate alerts, and enable automated response to potential threats. While it is an essential tool for monitoring and investigating security events, it does not enforce access policies or require multi-factor authentication for users. Similarly, Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager helps organizations assess regulatory compliance posture, track compliance metrics, and receive actionable recommendations to meet industry standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, or ISO certifications. Although Purview is critical for governance and audit readiness, it does not provide access control, authentication enforcement, or risk-based access decisions. Intune Compliance Policies, as previously noted, ensure that devices meet security standards, but they alone do not enforce dynamic access rules based on risk or location. Conditional Access bridges these gaps by applying contextual access controls in real time, complementing the insights and monitoring capabilities of other security solutions.
Conditional Access operates by evaluating multiple signals to determine whether access should be allowed, blocked, or require additional verification. These signals include the identity and role of the user, the compliance status of the device, the location from which the sign-in is attempted, and the risk associated with the sign-in activity. By combining these factors, organizations can implement granular policies that respond dynamically to changing security conditions. For example, high-risk users accessing sensitive financial or customer data may be required to complete MFA regardless of their location, whereas low-risk users on compliant devices accessing non-critical applications may gain seamless access. This flexibility allows organizations to protect sensitive assets while minimizing unnecessary friction for end users.
Additionally, Conditional Access integrates seamlessly with Azure Active Directory and MFA services to enforce policies consistently across cloud and hybrid environments. IT administrators can configure policies that allow trusted devices and networks to bypass MFA, while ensuring that high-risk or non-compliant access attempts are challenged or blocked. This integration also supports automated workflows that respond to detected threats, such as requiring users to re-authenticate, resetting compromised credentials, or temporarily restricting access to applications. By combining identity verification, device compliance, and risk-based assessment, Conditional Access creates a multi-layered approach to access security that addresses both insider threats and external attacks.
In practical terms, Conditional Access helps organizations maintain regulatory compliance, reduce the likelihood of account compromise, and strengthen overall identity security posture. By defining policies that leverage multiple signals, organizations can enforce MFA strategically, protect sensitive applications, and ensure that access is granted only to trusted users on secure devices. This proactive and adaptive approach to access control aligns security with operational efficiency, allowing organizations to secure their environments without disrupting legitimate workflows. Conditional Access is therefore a critical component of modern identity and access management strategies, providing dynamic, context-aware security controls that protect resources, support compliance requirements, and enhance user confidence in enterprise systems.
Question 109
A company wants to ensure that only devices that meet security requirements can access corporate resources, including requiring antivirus, encryption, and OS updates. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
Explanation
Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies are a critical component for organizations seeking to enforce device-level security standards across their enterprise. These policies allow IT administrators to define detailed requirements for devices that access corporate resources, ensuring that endpoints comply with organizational security guidelines. For example, policies can mandate that devices have active antivirus software, enforce disk encryption, require specific minimum operating system versions, or maintain other critical security configurations. Once these policies are defined, devices are evaluated against the established rules. Only those devices deemed compliant are granted access to corporate resources when used in conjunction with Conditional Access policies. This approach ensures that every device connecting to sensitive data aligns with the organization’s security posture, reducing the likelihood of compromised endpoints being used to access corporate systems.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access complements Intune by enforcing access controls based on a variety of signals, such as the user’s risk profile, location, or device state. Conditional Access relies on the compliance information provided by Intune or other integrated sources to determine whether a device meets the necessary security requirements before granting access. By evaluating both user and device context in real time, Conditional Access enables a dynamic approach to resource protection, ensuring that only trusted devices and users can connect to corporate applications and data.
Other Microsoft solutions, while valuable in their respective areas, serve different purposes. Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager is focused on auditing, regulatory compliance, and assessing the effectiveness of controls, but it does not actively enforce device-level security. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps provides visibility into user activity and enforces session-level controls within cloud applications, but it does not evaluate device compliance before access. Therefore, neither of these solutions can replace the device-level enforcement capabilities provided by Intune when combined with Conditional Access.
By integrating Intune Compliance Policies with Conditional Access, organizations can effectively implement a zero-trust security model. This model ensures that access to sensitive data is conditional not only on user identity but also on the security posture of the device being used. Devices that do not meet compliance standards can be blocked from accessing corporate resources or may be required to perform additional verification steps, such as multi-factor authentication. This combination reduces potential attack surfaces, mitigates the risk of data breaches, and provides a structured method for device governance.
In addition to enhancing security, this integration allows organizations to generate detailed compliance reports. These reports provide evidence of adherence to internal policies and external regulatory requirements, supporting audit readiness and accountability. By leveraging Intune and Conditional Access together, organizations can protect corporate information, maintain consistent security practices across all devices, and demonstrate compliance to regulators and stakeholders, all while enabling secure access for employees across various locations and devices.
Question 110
An organization wants to monitor user activity and detect risky behavior, such as unusual file downloads, sharing sensitive information externally, or accessing data from risky locations. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Explanation
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, also known as MCAS, is a powerful solution that provides organizations with deep visibility and control over user activity across cloud applications. It is designed to help detect and respond to potentially risky behaviors, such as unusual file downloads, the sharing of sensitive data inappropriately, or access attempts from unknown or high-risk locations. By leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms, anomaly detection policies, and detailed activity logs, MCAS can identify signs of insider threats, compromised accounts, or other security incidents that may otherwise go unnoticed. Security teams can receive real-time alerts when suspicious activities are detected, enabling them to take immediate action to prevent data breaches or mitigate potential damage.
While MCAS focuses on monitoring user activity and protecting data within cloud applications, other Microsoft security tools serve complementary purposes. Microsoft Entra Conditional Access enforces access controls based on criteria such as user identity, device health, geographic location, or risk level. However, it does not actively monitor the granular behavior of users within cloud applications. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies focus on ensuring that devices meet organizational security standards, but they do not track file-level interactions or user activities within cloud environments. Similarly, Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager helps organizations assess regulatory compliance and control implementation, but does not offer real-time monitoring or the detection of anomalous behaviors in cloud applications.
One of the key advantages of Defender for Cloud Apps is its ability to integrate with Conditional Access. This integration allows organizations to automatically block risky sessions or require additional verification steps when suspicious activity is detected. By combining monitoring, threat detection, and adaptive access controls, organizations can implement policies that protect sensitive information while maintaining secure and flexible user access. Overall, Defender for Cloud Apps provides a proactive approach to cloud security, enabling organizations to safeguard data, detect insider threats, and respond quickly to potential risks in a modern, cloud-first environment.
Question 111
An organization wants to classify and protect sensitive documents, such as financial reports and personal data, while ensuring only authorized users can access them. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) provides organizations with the ability to classify, label, and protect sensitive documents and emails based on their content. It can automatically detect sensitive information such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or financial data, and apply labels that enforce encryption, access restrictions, and visual markings. This ensures that only authorized users can view or edit sensitive content, while preventing accidental sharing or leakage outside the organization.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access controls user access based on signals such as location, device compliance, or risk, but it does not classify or protect document content directly. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device-level security and compliance settings but do not provide content protection for documents or emails. Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps monitors activity in cloud applications and provides risk assessment and control over cloud sessions, but it is not primarily designed for document classification and protection.
By using MIP, organizations can maintain regulatory compliance, protect intellectual property, and enforce security policies across Microsoft 365 applications and supported third-party services. Labels and policies can be applied automatically or manually, providing flexibility for different business scenarios. It also integrates with audit and monitoring tools, giving visibility into how sensitive data is used and shared. This approach reduces the risk of data breaches, ensures governance over sensitive content, and enables secure collaboration internally and externally.
Question 112
In Microsoft Entra ID, which capability is best suited to enforce device and sign-in risk checks before granting access to cloud apps?
A) Identity Protection
B) Self-Service Password Reset
C) Privileged Identity Management
D) Access Reviews
Answer: A
Explanation:
Identity Protection focuses on detecting and automating responses to sign-in and user risk using signals such as atypical travel, unfamiliar sign-in properties, and leaked credentials. It allows policies that require additional authentication, password reset, or even block access when risk thresholds are met. These controls are evaluated at sign-in and can be combined with conditional policies to ensure that only sessions meeting risk criteria proceed. This capability fundamentally serves the need to gate access based on risk and device state, empowering administrators to reduce compromised account abuse and enforce adaptive controls at the moment users request access.
Self-Service Password Reset addresses the challenge of credential recovery without help desk intervention. It streamlines the process of restoring access when a user forgets a password or is locked out. While it contributes to overall identity hygiene and resilience, it does not evaluate sign-in risk nor device health to make real-time access decisions. It is operational support functionality rather than an enforcement point before app access, so it does not satisfy the requirement to check risk signals during authentication events.
Privileged Identity Management governs time-based, approval-based activation of elevated roles. It reduces standing privileges, provides just-in-time elevation, and includes features like access reviews for privileged assignments and alerts on suspicious role activity. Although it significantly improves the security of admin access, its goal is to manage privileged roles rather than broadly gate application access across the user population using risk signals and device conditions. It mitigates the risk of over-privileged accounts but does not directly evaluate sign-in risk to cloud apps for all sessions.
Access Reviews help organizations regularly validate that entitlements such as group memberships, application assignments, and privileged roles are still appropriate. Reviewers can attest to the continued need or remove access that is no longer justified. This capability supports least privilege and governance hygiene but operates periodically, not as a real-time check at the point of authentication. It is not intended to assess device compliance or sign-in risk before a session is granted.
The capability that best enforces risk-aware access decisions before granting cloud app sessions is Identity Protection, used with conditional policies to demand extra verification or deny access when risk exceeds defined thresholds. By integrating risk evaluation into the sign-in pipeline, it reduces attack success rates from credential stuffing, phishing, and token theft. Device state can be enforced via conditional policies requiring compliant devices, while Identity Protection contributes sign-in risk signals to determine whether additional scrutiny is necessary. When a sign-in is flagged as risky, policies can prompt multi-factor authentication, force secure password reset, or block access outright. This approach embodies adaptive access aligned with Zero Trust: validate explicitly, use least privilege, and assume breach. The other capabilities complement identity security through recovery, governance, and privilege management, but they do not provide the real-time risk gating needed for pre-access enforcement. Therefore, the correct selection is the risk-based control designed to detect and respond during sign-in, enabling safer, adaptive entry to cloud applications.
Question 113
An organization wants to control access to cloud applications based on device compliance, user risk, and location to enforce Zero Trust security. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Purview Compliance Manager
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is a cornerstone of modern identity and access management, providing organizations with the ability to create highly granular access policies that consider multiple contextual signals. These signals can include the identity of the user, the compliance status of their device, their geographic location, the sensitivity of the application being accessed, and real-time risk assessments based on user activity and behavior patterns. By evaluating these factors, Conditional Access ensures that only authorized users on compliant devices can access corporate resources, while simultaneously reducing the risk of unauthorized access or data breaches.
One of the key capabilities of Conditional Access is the enforcement of multi-factor authentication (MFA). By requiring an additional verification step, such as a one-time code or biometric authentication, organizations add a critical layer of security that helps prevent account compromise, even if a user’s credentials are exposed. Conditional Access can also block risky sign-ins or suspicious activity, such as logins from unusual locations, unfamiliar devices, or during abnormal timeframes. This real-time risk-based evaluation ensures that access decisions are dynamic and contextually aware, rather than relying solely on static permissions. Such policies align closely with the principles of Zero Trust security, which assume that no access request should be automatically trusted and that every attempt must be verified against multiple risk signals.
While Conditional Access manages access decisions, device security is enforced through Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies. These policies allow administrators to define specific requirements for devices attempting to access corporate resources, such as ensuring encryption is enabled, antivirus software is active and up-to-date, and the operating system has applied all necessary security patches. However, Intune Compliance Policies alone do not control access to applications. They evaluate device posture and report compliance status, but additional mechanisms are required to enforce conditional access based on this information.
Integrating Intune Compliance Policies with Conditional Access closes this gap. When combined, organizations can enforce a zero-trust model in which access to applications and sensitive data is granted only to devices that meet defined security standards. If a device fails to comply with policies—due to missing updates, disabled encryption, or outdated antivirus software—Conditional Access can block access or prompt the user to remediate the issue before gaining entry. This ensures that all endpoints accessing corporate resources are secure, reducing the likelihood of data leakage or compromise.
Beyond security enforcement, the integration of Conditional Access and Intune Compliance Policies allows organizations to implement scalable, flexible, and auditable access management strategies. Administrators can define policies that differentiate access based on application sensitivity, user roles, device type, and location, providing precise control without disrupting productivity. Additionally, these policies generate logs and reports, helping organizations demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements and internal governance standards. By combining Conditional Access with Intune Compliance, organizations achieve a holistic approach to identity, device security, and access management, enabling secure and seamless access to resources in a modern, hybrid, or cloud-first environment.
Question 114
A company wants to ensure that all emails containing sensitive information, such as credit card numbers or social security numbers, are automatically encrypted and labeled. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) allows organizations to classify, label, and protect sensitive content across emails, documents, and files. Automatic labeling can be configured to detect specific sensitive information types, such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or financial data, and apply protection mechanisms such as encryption, access restrictions, or visual markings. This ensures that sensitive emails are automatically protected, reducing the risk of data breaches and unauthorized access.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access controls access to resources based on user identity, device compliance, location, and risk signals, but it does not classify or encrypt email content. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device-level security requirements, such as encryption, antivirus status, or OS patching, but they do not provide content-level labeling or automatic email protection. Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps monitors cloud application activity, detects risky behaviors, and can apply session controls, but it is not specifically designed to automatically classify and protect sensitive email content.
By implementing MIP, organizations can maintain regulatory compliance, prevent accidental data leakage, and ensure that only authorized users can access sensitive information. Labels can be applied manually or automatically, and policies can be integrated with Microsoft 365 apps, including Outlook, Word, Excel, and Teams. Audit and reporting capabilities also provide visibility into how sensitive information is used and shared, helping organizations meet compliance requirements and reduce exposure to security risks. This makes Purview Information Protection the ideal solution for automated email classification and protection in enterprise environments.
Question 115
A company wants to monitor risky user activities, detect compromised accounts, and respond to identity threats in real time. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
B) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Sentinel
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Identity Protection helps organizations detect, investigate, and respond to identity-based risks, such as compromised accounts or suspicious sign-in activity. It uses machine learning and risk analytics to evaluate user sign-ins and account behaviors, generating risk scores for individual users and sign-in events. Policies can be configured to automatically require multi-factor authentication, block access, or prompt password resets based on risk levels, enabling proactive mitigation of identity threats.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection focuses on classifying and protecting sensitive content, such as documents and emails, but it does not provide identity risk detection or response capabilities. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device-level security requirements, such as encryption or OS patching, but do not monitor user sign-in risks or detect compromised accounts. Microsoft Sentinel is a SIEM and SOAR solution for monitoring security events across the organization, including network and application activity, but it is not specifically tailored for identity risk detection or automated identity-based remediation.
By implementing Microsoft Entra Identity Protection, organizations gain the ability to continuously assess user risk, protect against identity compromise, and enforce access policies dynamically. It integrates with Conditional Access, enabling automatic remediation actions based on detected risk, while providing detailed reporting and audit logs for compliance purposes. This makes it the most suitable solution for monitoring and responding to identity threats in real time, ensuring that only trusted users can access organizational resources securely.
Question 116
A company needs to ensure that only compliant devices can access corporate applications and data. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
D) Microsoft Sentinel
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
Explanation
Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies are a critical component of enterprise device management and security strategy. They allow organizations to define and enforce a set of rules and standards that devices must meet to access corporate resources. By implementing these policies, IT administrators can ensure that only devices adhering to organizational security requirements are permitted to connect to applications, data, and other sensitive resources. Compliance policies can cover a wide range of security and configuration settings, such as ensuring device encryption is enabled, verifying that antivirus software is installed and up to date, checking that the operating system meets minimum version requirements, and confirming that the overall health of the device complies with organizational standards. These measures help protect against potential security risks and support regulatory compliance requirements by preventing compromised or insecure devices from accessing corporate environments.
Devices that fail to meet the specified compliance criteria can be automatically blocked or restricted from accessing certain applications, services, or data. This dynamic enforcement helps organizations maintain a secure environment and reduces the risk of data breaches or unauthorized access. For example, if a device has outdated antivirus definitions or an unpatched operating system, Intune Compliance Policies can prevent it from connecting to sensitive applications until the required updates or protections are applied. This proactive approach ensures that security is maintained across the entire device ecosystem and that users are guided to meet compliance standards without relying on manual checks or interventions from IT teams.
An important aspect of Intune Compliance Policies is their integration with Microsoft Entra Conditional Access. While Conditional Access provides fine-grained access controls based on user identity, device compliance, location, and risk signals, it relies on compliance data provided by Intune or other management solutions. In practice, this means that Conditional Access evaluates access requests against the compliance status of devices, enforcing policies such as requiring multi-factor authentication, restricting access to specific locations, or blocking non-compliant devices. This combination of Intune Compliance Policies and Conditional Access ensures that organizations can enforce both security and access requirements dynamically, based on real-time information about device health and user context.
By implementing compliance policies, organizations also gain greater visibility and control over their device fleet. Administrators can generate reports on device compliance trends, identify non-compliant devices, and proactively address potential security gaps. Compliance policies can also be customized to apply to specific user groups, device types, or operating systems, providing flexibility while maintaining centralized security oversight. This level of control is especially important in modern workplaces where employees use a mix of corporate-owned and personal devices to access enterprise applications, often from multiple locations and networks.
Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies provide a structured, automated framework for ensuring that devices meet organizational security standards before they are allowed to access corporate resources. By enforcing encryption, antivirus status, operating system requirements, and overall device health, these policies help maintain security, protect sensitive data, and support regulatory compliance. When integrated with Microsoft Entra Conditional Access, they provide a dynamic, risk-based approach to access control, ensuring that only compliant and secure devices can interact with critical enterprise systems. This combination of proactive compliance enforcement and intelligent access management enables organizations to secure their digital environments effectively while maintaining flexibility for users.
Question 117
An organization wants to monitor and respond to security threats across its cloud and on-premises environments using automated detection and alerting. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Sentinel
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
D) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Sentinel
Explanation
Microsoft Sentinel is a cloud-native Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) solution. It is designed to provide organizations with a centralized platform to collect, analyze, and respond to security events from a wide variety of sources, including users, devices, applications, and cloud workloads. Sentinel aggregates this data to offer a unified view of security activities across the organization, making it easier to detect and respond to potential threats. Leveraging built-in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, Sentinel can identify unusual patterns, detect anomalies, and generate actionable alerts in real time. Additionally, it supports automated response workflows through playbooks, allowing administrators to automatically isolate compromised devices, block suspicious accounts, or notify security teams of incidents. This proactive and automated approach enables organizations to respond to threats quickly and consistently, reducing the risk of breaches and improving overall security posture.
Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies, in contrast, are primarily focused on enforcing device-level security standards. These policies ensure that devices accessing corporate resources meet organizational requirements, such as having encryption enabled, antivirus installed, and the latest operating system updates applied. While Intune Compliance Policies are essential for endpoint security, they do not provide centralized monitoring of security events or threat detection across an enterprise environment. Compliance Policies ensure devices adhere to rules, but they cannot analyze security incidents, correlate events across multiple sources, or provide automated responses to threats.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is another security tool that focuses on controlling access to resources based on identity and device conditions. Conditional Access policies can evaluate factors such as user identity, device compliance, location, and risk signals to allow or block access. Although this helps prevent unauthorized access, Conditional Access does not monitor ongoing security events, detect threats, or perform automated incident response. Its functionality is limited to access control rather than providing a holistic view of the security landscape.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection focuses on protecting sensitive data by classifying, labeling, and enforcing policies for data handling. It helps prevent accidental data leaks and ensures compliance with regulatory requirements. However, Purview does not provide SIEM or SOAR capabilities; it does not detect threats, monitor events in real time, or automate responses to security incidents.
While Intune Compliance Policies, Entra Conditional Access, and Purview provide critical security functions related to device compliance, access control, and data protection, they do not offer centralized monitoring, threat detection, or automated response capabilities. Microsoft Sentinel is the correct choice because it delivers a comprehensive, proactive security solution that unifies event collection, threat detection, alerting, and automated response, making it the central tool for managing security operations across an organization.
Question 118
A company wants to ensure that sensitive documents and emails are labeled and protected based on the type of information they contain, while maintaining regulatory compliance. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Sentinel
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) provides classification, labeling, and protection for sensitive data across emails, documents, and files. It can automatically detect sensitive information types such as financial data, personal identification numbers, health records, or confidential business data. Once identified, labels can be applied manually or automatically to enforce encryption, access restrictions, or visual markings. This ensures that sensitive data is handled appropriately, reduces the risk of accidental disclosure, and supports compliance with regulatory standards like GDPR, HIPAA, or ISO.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access focuses on access controls for applications and resources, evaluating factors such as user identity, device compliance, location, and risk signals. It does not classify or protect document content, and therefore cannot automatically enforce protection for sensitive information inside files or emails. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device-level security configurations, ensuring devices meet organizational standards before accessing resources. While they improve endpoint security, they do not classify, label, or protect sensitive content itself. Microsoft Sentinel provides monitoring, detection, and automated response for security threats across cloud and on-premises environments, but it does not apply content-level classification or protection.
By implementing Microsoft Purview Information Protection, organizations gain the ability to maintain regulatory compliance, prevent accidental data leakage, and control access to sensitive content based on labels and policies. It integrates seamlessly with Microsoft 365 applications, including Outlook, Word, Excel, and Teams, providing a consistent protection framework across all productivity tools. This ensures that sensitive information is always secured, accessible only to authorized users, and tracked for auditing and reporting purposes.
Question 119
An organization wants to restrict access to sensitive cloud applications for users who are signing in from risky locations or using unmanaged devices. Which Microsoft solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Sentinel
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access provides a policy-driven approach to enforce access controls based on multiple signals, including user identity, device compliance, location, application sensitivity, and sign-in risk levels. Organizations can define policies that automatically block access, require multi-factor authentication, or allow access with limited functionality depending on the risk assessment of the sign-in attempt. This ensures that only authorized, compliant, and low-risk users can access sensitive applications, significantly reducing the likelihood of data breaches or unauthorized access.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection focuses on classifying and protecting sensitive content such as documents and emails. It enables automatic labeling and encryption but does not control access to applications based on user, device, or location risk. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device security configurations, like encryption, antivirus status, or OS version compliance, and report compliance status. However, by themselves, they do not enforce access restrictions; they must be integrated with Conditional Access to dynamically block or grant access. Microsoft Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR solution that provides monitoring, threat detection, and automated response across environments, but does not directly control or enforce access policies for applications.
By implementing Microsoft Entra Conditional Access in conjunction with signals from Intune and Entra Identity Protection, organizations gain a dynamic, risk-aware access control mechanism. This allows automated enforcement of security policies for cloud applications, ensuring that access is only granted to compliant devices, low-risk users, and trusted locations. It integrates seamlessly across Microsoft 365 and other cloud services, enabling a secure, policy-driven approach to protect sensitive resources while maintaining user productivity and regulatory compliance.
Question 120
An organization needs to ensure that all users are required to complete multi-factor authentication (MFA) when accessing Microsoft 365 applications, but wants to allow trusted devices to bypass MFA under certain conditions. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
C) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
D) Microsoft Sentinel
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access allows organizations to enforce access controls based on a combination of user, device, location, application, and risk signals. With Conditional Access, administrators can require multi-factor authentication for all users but create exceptions or trust policies for managed devices that meet compliance standards. This approach balances security with user productivity by reducing friction for trusted devices while maintaining strong authentication requirements for high-risk scenarios. Policies can be fine-tuned to enforce MFA only when necessary, such as from unmanaged devices or risky sign-ins, ensuring that sensitive resources remain protected.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection focuses on classifying and protecting sensitive data within emails, documents, and files. While it ensures that data is encrypted and access-controlled based on labels, it does not control authentication requirements or enforce MFA at the sign-in level. Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies enforce device security configurations such as encryption, antivirus, and patch levels, which help ensure devices are compliant. These policies support Conditional Access by signaling device compliance, but alone, they cannot enforce MFA or manage user access. Microsoft Sentinel provides monitoring, detection, and automated response to security incidents across cloud and on-premises environments, but it does not control authentication or MFA policies.
By implementing Microsoft Entra Conditional Access, organizations gain a centralized, policy-driven solution to enforce MFA intelligently. Integration with Intune ensures that trusted and compliant devices can bypass MFA as appropriate, improving the user experience without sacrificing security. This solution provides granular control over authentication requirements, helps mitigate identity-related threats, and ensures compliance with organizational security policies. It supports modern identity security practices by combining user risk evaluation, device compliance checks, and contextual access policies, making it the most suitable solution for enforcing MFA with conditional exceptions.