Microsoft SC-900 Microsoft Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 11 Q151-165
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Question 151
An organization wants to protect sensitive emails in Exchange Online from being sent to external users accidentally. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is the correct solution because it allows organizations to create policies that detect and prevent the sharing of sensitive information via email in Exchange Online. DLP can identify sensitive content such as personally identifiable information (PII), financial information, or proprietary business data. Once identified, it can block the email from being sent externally, notify the sender, or require justification for sending. These policies ensure compliance with regulatory standards like GDPR or HIPAA and help prevent data leaks.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access focuses on controlling access to applications based on user, location, device, or risk. While it protects access to services, it does not inspect the content of emails to prevent sensitive data leakage.
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint protects against malware, ransomware, and other threats on devices. It does not directly prevent sensitive information from being sent via email or enforce organizational data policies.
Microsoft Intune manages device compliance and security, but does not inspect email content or prevent accidental external sharing of sensitive messages.
Thus, DLP is specifically designed to protect sensitive information in email, ensuring content governance and regulatory compliance.
Question 152
A company wants to enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all high-risk users detected in Microsoft 365. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is the correct solution because it allows administrators to enforce policies based on user risk levels. By integrating with Microsoft Entra Identity Protection, it can detect high-risk users (e.g., compromised credentials or risky sign-ins) and require additional authentication,,n such as MFA, before granting access to resources. Conditional Access can also enforce session control, block access, or require compliant devices.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection focuses on classifying and labeling data to protect sensitive content. It does not enforce MFA based on user risk.
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps monitors cloud app activity and enforces policies at the app level, but does not directly enforce MFA for risky users.
Microsoft Intune ensures device compliance, but cannot trigger MFA based on user risk.
Conditional Access, combined with Identity Protection, ensures only verified users can access resources, mitigating security threats effectively.
Question 153
An organization wants to encrypt sensitive documents stored in SharePoint Online and OneDrive to prevent unauthorized access. Which solution should they use?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection is the correct solution because it provides labeling and encryption for sensitive documents. Labels can be applied automatically, manually, or by default to enforce encryption, access restrictions, or visual markings. Protected documents remain encrypted even if shared externally, ensuring only authorized users can access the content. This approach maintains compliance and reduces the risk of data breaches.
Conditional Access manages authentication and access based on conditions but does not encrypt files.
Defender for Endpoint protects devices from malware, but does not control document-level encryption.
Intune manages device compliance, but cannot encrypt documents stored in cloud services.
Thus, Purview Information Protection ensures encryption, access control, and compliance for sensitive content.
Question 154
A company wants to detect compromised accounts and take automated actions in Microsoft 365. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
B) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Identity Protection is the correct solution because it continuously monitors user sign-ins, risk events, and user behavior to detect compromised accounts. It assigns risk levels and can trigger automated responses such as requiring password resets, enforcing MFA, or blocking access. It also integrates with Conditional Access to restrict access based on risk.
Purview DLP protects sensitive content but does not detect compromised accounts.
Defender for Cloud Apps monitors app usage but cannot take automated actions based on identity risks.
Intune ensures device compliance but does not monitor user accounts for compromise.
Entra Identity Protection provides proactive detection and automated remediation to secure organizational accounts.
Question 155
An organization wants to monitor cloud app usage and detect risky activities across Microsoft 365. Which service should they implement?
A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Explanation
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps is the most effective solution for organizations looking to secure their cloud environment and gain comprehensive visibility into application usage. As a Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB), it serves as a central control point for monitoring, managing, and protecting data across cloud applications, both sanctioned and unsanctioned. In modern workplaces, where employees frequently adopt third-party applications without explicit IT approval—a phenomenon known as shadow IT—this visibility is critical. Defender for Cloud Apps allows administrators to detect these hidden or unsanctioned applications, assess the risks they pose, and implement controls to ensure that corporate data remains protected.
One of the key strengths of Defender for Cloud Apps is its ability to continuously monitor cloud application activity and identify risky behavior. By analyzing user actions, data movement, and application usage patterns, the platform can detect anomalies that may indicate potential threats, such as unusual data downloads, access from unrecognized locations, or excessive permissions requested by an application. This real-time monitoring enables organizations to respond proactively to potential security incidents before they escalate, reducing the risk of data breaches, unauthorized access, and other threats that could compromise sensitive information.
In addition to monitoring and detection, Defender for Cloud Apps provides robust policy enforcement capabilities. Administrators can create conditional access policies, session controls, and access restrictions to govern how cloud applications are used. For instance, the platform can enforce policies that restrict access to certain applications based on device compliance, location, or user risk level. It can also limit actions within applications, such as preventing file downloads from unsanctioned devices or restricting the sharing of sensitive content externally. By applying these controls, organizations can maintain a secure cloud environment while still allowing employees to collaborate and use cloud services productively.
It is important to differentiate Defender for Cloud Apps from other Microsoft security solutions, as each has a different focus. Conditional Access, for example, is designed to enforce authentication and access policies based on user, device, location, or risk signals. While Conditional Access is essential for implementing Zero Trust principles and ensuring secure access to cloud resources, it does not provide visibility into application usage or detect risky behavior within those applications. It enforces who can access resources, but does not analyze how those resources are used once accessed.
Similarly, Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) focuses on protecting sensitive content by preventing unauthorized sharing or accidental leaks of regulated data. While Purview DLP is effective at safeguarding information, it does not monitor application activity, assess risk across cloud apps, or provide the behavioral insights that a CASB offers.
Microsoft Intune manages devices and enforces compliance policies, ensuring that endpoints meet organizational security requirements. However, Intune does not provide visibility into cloud application usage or detect real-time threats originating from unsanctioned applications. Its focus is on device health and compliance rather than cloud app security.
Defender for Cloud Apps fills this critical gap by combining visibility, risk detection, and policy enforcement across cloud applications. It helps organizations identify shadow IT, detect potentially risky behaviors, enforce access and session controls, and protect sensitive data from unauthorized exposure. By providing a centralized platform for managing cloud security, it enables administrators to maintain control over corporate resources, reduce exposure to threats, and strengthen the organization’s overall security posture.
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps is the ideal solution for organizations seeking comprehensive cloud application security. Unlike Conditional Access, Purview DLP, or Intune, it provides real-time visibility, behavior analysis, and enforcement controls specifically for cloud applications, ensuring that corporate data remains secure while allowing employees to collaborate effectively in the cloud environment.
Question 156
An organization wants to restrict access to Microsoft 365 apps from unmanaged devices. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is the correct solution because it allows organizations to enforce access controls based on device compliance and management state. Policies can be configured to block or require additional authentication for users attempting to access Microsoft 365 apps from unmanaged or non-compliant devices. This ensures that only trusted devices can access sensitive data and corporate resources, enhancing security posture.
Purview Data Loss Prevention focuses on detecting and preventing sensitive information leaks, but does not control device access.
Defender for Endpoint protects devices against malware and threats, but does not enforce conditional access for applications.
Intune manages device compliance and can integrate with Conditional Access, but alone, it does not enforce access restrictions based on unmanaged device state.
Thus, Conditional Access provides real-time policy enforcement based on device compliance, ensuring secure access to Microsoft 365 applications.
Question 157
A company wants to ensure sensitive information is protected when shared externally via email. Which service should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Explanation
Microsoft Purview DLP is the correct solution because it can scan emails in Exchange Online Data Loss Prevention (DLP) in Microsoft 365 is a critical solution for organizations looking to safeguard sensitive information and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. DLP is designed to detect, monitor, and protect sensitive data, such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or proprietary business information, across email and document workflows within the Microsoft 365 ecosystem. By applying advanced content inspection and classification techniques, DLP policies can identify sensitive information in real time and enforce protective actions to prevent accidental or intentional data leakage.
When a DLP policy identifies sensitive content, it can take a range of automated actions to mitigate risk. For example, the system can block the message from being sent, notify the user about the potential violation, or automatically apply encryption to protect the content during transmission. These measures not only prevent unauthorized access to critical data but also educate users about handling sensitive information appropriately. Over time, this approach helps organizations foster a culture of compliance and data awareness while reducing the likelihood of costly security incidents.
DLP policies are particularly valuable for organizations that need to comply with stringent regulatory standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI DSS. By ensuring that personal, financial, or proprietary data is handled according to established rules, DLP helps organizations avoid regulatory fines and reputational damage. Unlike broader security tools, DLP is focused specifically on content governance, enabling organizations to enforce precise rules regarding what data can be shared, with whom, and under what circumstances.
Other Microsoft security solutions, while important, do not provide the same targeted capabilities for data protection. Conditional Access, for instance, is primarily concerned with controlling access to resources based on user identity, device status, or risk signals. While it can enforce multi-factor authentication or restrict access from untrusted locations, it does not inspect the contents of emails or documents to determine whether sensitive information is being shared. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps offers visibility into cloud application usage and can enforce app-level policies, but it does not directly prevent sensitive data from leaving the organization via email or other messaging platforms.
Intune plays a critical role in device compliance and management, ensuring that endpoints meet security requirements such as encryption, patching, and configuration standards. However, Intune does not analyze email content or apply content-specific protections to prevent sensitive information from being shared inadvertently. DLP fills this gap by providing the precise control needed to govern data usage and maintain compliance with both internal policies and external regulations.
By implementing DLP in Microsoft 365, organizations can create a proactive data governance framework that protects sensitive information wherever it resides. Whether it’s email, documents, or other content stored in the cloud, DLP enables automated enforcement of policies that block unauthorized sharing, apply encryption, or alert users to potential violations. This targeted approach not only helps safeguard valuable information but also ensures that organizations can meet regulatory obligations and mitigate the risk of data breaches.
DLP is an essential tool for protecting sensitive information in Microsoft 365. Its ability to detect sensitive content, enforce policies in real time, and prevent accidental data exposure makes it a cornerstone of any organization’s data security and compliance strategy, complementing other tools like Conditional Access, Defender for Cloud Apps, and Intune by focusing specifically on the protection of information itself.
Question 158
An organization wants to require multi-factor authentication for all global admin accounts in Microsoft 365. Which solution is best?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Conditional Access is a critical tool for organizations looking to implement granular, risk-based security controls over user access, particularly for high-privilege accounts such as global administrators. At its core, Conditional Access enables administrators to define and enforce access policies based on a combination of user attributes, roles, device status, location, and risk signals. This flexibility allows organizations to apply the principle of least privilege more effectively, ensuring that sensitive accounts are adequately protected without creating unnecessary friction for users with lower-risk roles.
One of the most valuable capabilities of Conditional Access is the ability to require multi-factor authentication (MFA) for specific accounts or under specific conditions. By enforcing MFA for high-privilege users like global administrators, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of account compromise, even if login credentials are exposed. MFA acts as an additional layer of verification, requiring users to provide a secondary form of authentication such as a phone notification, hardware token, or biometric verification. This additional step makes it far more difficult for attackers to gain access using stolen credentials alone, providing critical protection for accounts that have extensive access to organizational resources.
Conditional Access policies can be customized to respond dynamically to a variety of risk signals. For example, access can be restricted or additional authentication requirements enforced if a user attempts to log in from an unfamiliar geographic location, an unmanaged device, or a network flagged as high-risk. Organizations can also configure policies to ensure that only compliant devices can access certain applications or sensitive data. This adaptability allows security teams to balance strong protection with usability, applying stricter controls only when warranted and minimizing disruption for routine operations.
While other Microsoft security solutions provide important protections, they do not address the specific need for adaptive access controls in the same way. Data Loss Prevention focuses on preventing sensitive information from leaving the organization, but does not enforce user authentication or verify identity during sign-ins. Defender for Endpoint is designed to protect devices from malware, exploits, and other threats, yet it cannot require MFA or enforce role-based access policies for user accounts. Similarly, Intune ensures that devices comply with organizational security policies, such as encryption, patching, and configuration standards, but it cannot independently enforce MFA for user accounts or adapt access policies based on risk.
By leveraging Conditional Access to enforce MFA for global administrators and other high-risk roles, organizations can dramatically strengthen their security posture. It ensures that the accounts with the highest level of privilege are protected against unauthorized access attempts, credential theft, and other identity-based attacks. Conditional Access provides a centralized, flexible approach to access management that integrates seamlessly with other Microsoft security tools, enabling administrators to implement consistent and effective security policies across their cloud and on-premises environments.
Conditional Access empowers organizations to enforce targeted, risk-aware access policies, require multi-factor authentication for high-privilege users, and reduce the likelihood of unauthorized access to critical administrative accounts. Its dynamic, policy-driven approach to security makes it an essential component of any comprehensive identity and access management strategy, safeguarding both user accounts and organizational assets against evolving threats.
Question 159
A company wants to detect and remediate risky sign-ins in Microsoft 365 automatically. Which service should they use?
A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
B) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Identity Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Identity Protection is a powerful solution designed to enhance security by monitoring user sign-in activity and assessing the risk associated with each sign-in attempt. By continuously analyzing patterns such as atypical locations, unfamiliar devices, and irregular sign-in times, Identity Protection can detect potentially compromised accounts before they are exploited. It evaluates each user’s risk profile and assigns a risk level, enabling organizations to implement targeted security measures that respond dynamically to emerging threats. This proactive approach to identity security is crucial in today’s landscape, where account compromise is a leading vector for data breaches and unauthorized access.
One of the key advantages of Identity Protection is its ability to automate responses to high-risk sign-in events. When a sign-in is flagged as risky, the system can trigger actions such as requiring the user to reset their password, enforcing multifactor authentication, or even temporarily blocking access until the situation is resolved. These automated interventions help prevent unauthorized users from gaining access to sensitive resources, thereby reducing the likelihood of data loss, fraud, or internal misuse. By integrating closely with Conditional Access policies, Identity Protection ensures that security controls are applied consistently across the organization while minimizing friction for legitimate users. This seamless integration allows administrators to enforce nuanced security policies, such as requiring additional verification only when risk levels exceed a defined threshold.
While other Microsoft security solutions provide valuable protection, they do not offer the same level of focus on detecting and remediating risky sign-ins. Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP), for instance, is highly effective in preventing sensitive information from being shared or leaked outside the organization. However, DLP is centered on data activity and does not analyze sign-in behavior or implement automatic mitigations for compromised accounts. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps excels at providing visibility into cloud application usage and identifying risky actions within those apps, but it does not directly address the threat posed by suspicious sign-in activity or account compromise.
Intune is another critical tool in the Microsoft ecosystem, focusing on device management and compliance. It ensures that devices accessing organizational resources meet security standards and are properly configured. However, Intune’s capabilities are largely device-centric and do not extend to monitoring or mitigating user sign-in risks, leaving a gap that Identity Protection fills. By concentrating on identity-level threats, Microsoft Entra Identity Protection provides a layer of security that complements these other tools rather than overlapping with them.
In essence, Identity Protection enables organizations to detect, evaluate, and respond to identity-related risks in a proactive and automated manner. It safeguards accounts, reinforces access policies, and helps prevent malicious actors from exploiting compromised credentials. By combining risk-based sign-in monitoring, automated remediation, and integration with Conditional Access, Identity Protection allows organizations to maintain a strong security posture while minimizing disruptions for legitimate users. Its focus on identity security makes it an indispensable component of a modern, comprehensive cybersecurity strategy, ensuring that accounts and organizational data remain protected even in an evolving threat landscape.
Question 160
A company wants to classify and label sensitive documents automatically based on content in Microsoft 365. Which service is recommended?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection is a comprehensive solution designed to safeguard sensitive content across an organization by providing automated content scanning, classification, and labeling capabilities. In today’s digital workplace, where data is constantly shared both internally and externally, organizations face increasing risks related to accidental exposure, regulatory noncompliance, and intellectual property theft. Purview Information Protection addresses these challenges by allowing administrators to define sensitivity labels that automatically classify content based on patterns, keywords, or regulatory identifiers. This proactive approach ensures that sensitive information, such as personally identifiable information (PII), financial records, or proprietary business data, is consistently identified and protected across Microsoft 365 applications.
The platform enables organizations to create policies that automatically apply labels to documents and emails as they are created, modified, or shared. These labels are not merely descriptive—they can enforce protective actions such as encryption, access restrictions, or visual markings like headers, footers, or watermarks. For instance, a document containing customer financial information can be automatically labeled as confidential, encrypted, and restricted so that only authorized personnel can access it. Even if such a document is shared externally or through an insecure channel, the applied protection persists, significantly reducing the likelihood of unauthorized disclosure.
One of the key advantages of Purview Information Protection is its ability to operate automatically. By using advanced pattern recognition, keyword matching, and regulatory identifiers, it eliminates the need for users to manually classify sensitive content, which is often prone to error. In addition to fully automatic classification, organizations can also implement recommended labeling, which suggests appropriate labels to users based on detected content patterns. This approach ensures that employees are guided in protecting sensitive data while maintaining productivity and collaboration.
It is important to distinguish Purview Information Protection from other Microsoft security solutions, as each serves a distinct purpose. Conditional Access, for example, is focused on enforcing access control policies. It evaluates conditions such as user identity, device compliance, sign-in location, or risk signals to determine whether access to resources should be granted. While Conditional Access is critical for controlling access to resources, it does not inspect document content, classify files, or apply protective labels.
Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps provides visibility into cloud application usage, identifies risky behavior, and enforces session controls or access policies. While it is essential for monitoring applications and detecting shadow IT or potential threats, Defender for Cloud Apps does not offer document-level classification or labeling, and therefore cannot directly prevent sensitive content from being improperly accessed or shared.
Microsoft Intune is another complementary solution that focuses on endpoint management, ensuring devices meet compliance standards and enforcing security configurations. While Intune plays a crucial role in securing devices, it does not provide content scanning, labeling, or classification capabilities for documents and emails. Its scope is limited to device-level security rather than data-level protection.
By implementing Purview Information Protection, organizations gain a robust mechanism to protect sensitive content across Microsoft 365 environments. Automated classification and labeling help ensure compliance with data protection regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or industry-specific standards. It reduces the risk of data leakage, prevents accidental sharing of confidential information, and provides audit and reporting capabilities to demonstrate compliance. Furthermore, the seamless integration with Microsoft 365 applications ensures that protection policies are applied consistently without disrupting workflows, enabling secure collaboration while maintaining enterprise-level data security.
Microsoft Purview Information Protection is uniquely designed to identify, classify, and protect sensitive content automatically. Unlike Conditional Access, Defender for Cloud Apps, or Intune, it directly addresses the challenge of securing documents and emails, enforcing consistent protection policies, and mitigating the risk of unauthorized data exposure. Its automation, integration, and policy enforcement capabilities make it the ideal solution for organizations seeking to safeguard their most valuable information while supporting secure collaboration and regulatory compliance.
Question 161
A company wants to monitor and block risky user activities in Microsoft 365 cloud apps. Which service should they implement?
A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
B) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention
C) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Explanation
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps is an essential solution for organizations seeking to gain comprehensive visibility and control over user activity across cloud applications. Unlike traditional security tools that focus on individual devices or network boundaries, Defender for Cloud Apps provides an integrated platform to monitor and analyze user behaviors in real time across multiple cloud services. This capability enables organizations to detect and respond to potentially risky actions before they can escalate into security incidents or data breaches.
One of the key strengths of Defender for Cloud Apps is its ability to identify unusual or suspicious activities. For example, it can detect when a user downloads an unusually large number of sensitive files, attempts to access data from atypical geographic locations, or connects third-party applications that may introduce security risks. By recognizing these patterns, administrators can gain a clear understanding of potential threats originating from legitimate users, insider risks, or compromised accounts. This proactive monitoring is crucial in today’s cloud-driven environments, where sensitive data often resides outside traditional corporate boundaries and is accessible from a variety of devices and locations.
Administrators can take advantage of Defender for Cloud Apps to configure real-time alerts and automated responses to mitigate risks immediately. These responses may include terminating active sessions, blocking access to specific resources, or requiring additional authentication steps to ensure that the user accessing the system is authorized. By automating these protective measures, organizations can reduce the likelihood of human error and respond to threats faster than relying solely on manual intervention. This helps maintain operational continuity while also enforcing security policies consistently across the enterprise.
While other Microsoft security solutions address important aspects of cloud and device security, they do not offer the same level of granular visibility into user activity across multiple cloud applications. Data Loss Prevention (DLP), for instance, is highly effective in preventing the unauthorized sharing of sensitive information, such as financial records or personally identifiable information. However, DLP does not provide continuous monitoring of user behaviors, meaning that risky patterns of activity could go undetected until a policy violation occurs. Similarly, Conditional Access is focused on controlling access to applications based on conditions such as user location, device compliance, or sign-in risk. Although this helps prevent unauthorized access, it does not allow administrators to observe or react to behaviors happening inside cloud apps in real time.
Intune, on the other hand, is designed to manage device compliance and security. It ensures that corporate devices meet organizational standards, but its monitoring capabilities are largely limited to endpoints and do not extend to tracking user interactions within cloud applications. Defender for Cloud Apps fills this gap by offering a solution specifically built for cloud-native environments, where user behavior and data movement are key factors in security management.
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps provides a holistic approach to cloud security by enabling organizations to monitor, detect, and remediate risky user behaviors across a wide range of applications. Its real-time analytics, automated responses, and ability to integrate with other Microsoft security tools make it an ideal choice for organizations seeking to maintain compliance, protect sensitive data, and proactively defend against insider threats and external attacks in dynamic cloud environments.
Question 162
An organization wants to audit all changes to sensitive data across Microsoft 365 services. Which solution should they use?
A) Microsoft Purview Audit
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Audit
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Audit is an essential solution for organizations seeking comprehensive visibility into user and administrative activity within Microsoft 365 services. It provides detailed logging and reporting capabilities that cover a wide range of services, including SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Exchange. By maintaining complete records of user interactions with sensitive data, Purview Audit enables organizations to monitor, analyze, and respond to potential security incidents, ensuring both operational oversight and regulatory compliance. The solution captures critical information such as who accessed a document, what changes were made, who shared it, and when these activities occurred. This level of detail allows organizations to maintain accountability, detect unusual behavior, and conduct forensic investigations when needed.
One of the primary benefits of Purview Audit is its ability to support compliance requirements. Many regulatory frameworks, including GDPR, HIPAA, and SOX, mandate organizations to maintain accurate records of data access and activity. Purview Audit provides a centralized platform to meet these requirements by offering structured audit logs that can be easily queried and analyzed. Administrators can generate reports for internal audits, compliance verification, or regulatory reporting, ensuring that the organization can demonstrate adherence to legal and industry standards. This capability not only supports compliance but also strengthens the organization’s overall governance and risk management framework.
Another key advantage of Purview Audit is its role in enhancing security monitoring and incident response. By logging every action performed on sensitive data, organizations can identify potential misuse, insider threats, or unauthorized access. For example, if a user downloads an unusually large number of files from a confidential SharePoint library or attempts to share sensitive documents externally, these actions are recorded and can trigger alerts for further investigation. Security teams can leverage this data to identify patterns of abnormal behavior, investigate potential breaches, and take corrective action before significant damage occurs.
It is important to understand how Purview Audit differs from other Microsoft security solutions. Conditional Access, while crucial for enforcing authentication and access policies, focuses on controlling access based on conditions such as user identity, device compliance, or network location. It does not provide detailed logs of user actions or changes to content within Microsoft 365. Similarly, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint is primarily designed to protect devices from malware, ransomware, and other endpoint-level threats. It does not track user activity within cloud applications or provide audit trails for data access and modification. Microsoft Intune focuses on device management and compliance, ensuring that endpoints meet organizational security standards, but it lacks visibility into actions performed on files, emails, or collaboration platforms.
By implementing Purview Audit, organizations gain a centralized and robust solution for tracking, analyzing, and reporting on user activity within Microsoft 365. Its detailed logs support regulatory compliance, enable security investigations, and provide transparency into how sensitive data is being accessed, modified, or shared. Integration with other Microsoft 365 security tools can further enhance monitoring capabilities, but the core strength of Purview Audit lies in its ability to deliver actionable insights into data activity, detect potential misuse, and support accountability across the organization.
Microsoft Purview Audit is the ideal solution for organizations that require comprehensive auditing of sensitive data. Unlike Conditional Access, Defender for Endpoint, or Intune, it focuses specifically on capturing detailed activity logs within Microsoft 365 services, ensuring compliance, improving security oversight, and enabling organizations to detect and respond to unauthorized or suspicious behavior effectively.
Question 163
A company wants to prevent users from sharing confidential documents outside the organization. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Teams Policies
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is the correct solution because it allows organizations to create policies that detect, monitor, and restrict the sharing of sensitive information both inside and outside the organization. DLP policies can identify content containing personally identifiable information (PII), financial data, or other confidential information, and enforce actions such as blocking sharing, alerting administrators, or encrypting documents.
Conditional Access controls access to resources based on device or user conditions, but it does not inspect content for sensitive information or prevent external sharing of documents.
Defender for Endpoint focuses on device security, malware detection, and threat protection, rather than controlling document sharing or enforcing data governance policies.
Teams Policies can restrict certain actions within Teams, such as chat or file sharing permissions, but they cannot comprehensively identify or prevent the sharing of sensitive content across all Microsoft 365 services.
DLP provides a unified approach to protecting sensitive information across SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Exchange. It ensures compliance with regulations, reduces the risk of data leakage, and allows for reporting and auditing of policy violations. With DLP, organizations can enforce rules like blocking external emails containing sensitive data, preventing downloads of confidential files to unmanaged devices, or warning users before sharing restricted content.
By using Microsoft Purview DLP, the organization ensures sensitive information remains protected without affecting legitimate collaboration, maintaining a balance between security and productivity.
Question 164
A company wants to require multifactor authentication (MFA) for users accessing critical financial systems only from untrusted networks. Which solution should they implement?
A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Intune Compliance Policies
C) Microsoft Purview Information Protection
D) Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
Explanation
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is a key solution for organizations seeking to enforce precise and context-aware access controls across their digital environment. It enables administrators to define granular policies that govern who can access corporate resources, under what conditions, and with what level of authentication. By leveraging signals such as user identity, device compliance, application type, and network context, Conditional Access ensures that access decisions are adaptive and aligned with organizational security requirements. This flexibility makes it an essential component of a Zero Trust security strategy, where access is continuously evaluated and verified rather than assumed.
One of the primary capabilities of Conditional Access is its ability to enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) in specific scenarios. For example, administrators can configure policies that require MFA when a user attempts to access sensitive financial systems from a location that is considered untrusted, such as a public Wi-Fi network or a country outside of approved operational regions. Similarly, access can be restricted to devices that meet compliance standards defined in Microsoft Intune, such as encryption, updated operating systems, or antivirus protection. By combining multiple signals, Conditional Access allows organizations to balance strong security controls with user productivity, granting access to trusted users while mitigating the risk of unauthorized access.
Conditional Access differs from other Microsoft security tools in both scope and function. Microsoft Intune, for instance, focuses on device management and compliance. Intune ensures that devices adhere to organizational security requirements, such as password policies, encryption, and software updates, and it can report on device health. While Intune provides the necessary device signals for Conditional Access, it does not itself enforce conditional authentication, nor does it apply multi-factor authentication for access to specific applications. Its primary function is device compliance, not adaptive access control.
Similarly, Microsoft Purview Information Protection provides critical data security by classifying, labeling, and protecting sensitive content such as financial records, intellectual property, or personal data. While it is highly effective for ensuring that information is appropriately secured, Purview Information Protection does not determine who can access a resource under specific conditions or enforce authentication requirements like MFA. Its focus is on protecting content, rather than controlling access based on user or device context.
Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps offers visibility into cloud application usage, detects risky behaviors, and can enforce session-level policies such as restricting downloads or sharing. While it plays an important role in monitoring cloud environments and controlling activity within applications, it is not designed to enforce conditional authentication policies based on factors such as user location, device compliance, or sign-in risk. Its strength lies in app-level monitoring and control, complementing Conditional Access but not replacing it.
By implementing Conditional Access, organizations can ensure that critical financial systems and other sensitive applications are protected from unauthorized access while allowing legitimate users to access resources efficiently and securely. Policies can be tailored to enforce MFA in high-risk scenarios, block access from compromised devices, or restrict sign-ins from locations that do not meet corporate security requirements. This adaptive approach provides a balance between security, usability, and compliance, helping organizations maintain operational efficiency while reducing exposure to potential threats.
Microsoft Entra Conditional Access is the ideal solution for enforcing context-aware access controls. Unlike Intune, Purview Information Protection, or Defender for Cloud Apps, it focuses on controlling access decisions dynamically, based on user identity, device health, application type, and network context. By integrating with complementary tools such as Intune for device compliance signals and Defender for Cloud Apps for cloud monitoring, Conditional Access provides a holistic framework for secure, adaptive, and compliant access management.
Question 165
An organization wants to ensure all sensitive emails are encrypted automatically when sent outside the company. Which solution should they use?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) with Office 365 Message Encryption (OME)
B) Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Intune
Correct Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) with Office 365 Message Encryption (OME)
Explanation
Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) with Office 365 Message Encryption (OME) is the correct solution because it allows organizations to classify and label emails automatically based on content sensitivity. Policies can then apply encryption, preventing unauthorized recipients from reading the emails.
Conditional Access controls access to applications but does not encrypt email content.
Defender for Endpoint focuses on endpoint security and threat protection, not on encrypting email messages.
Intune enforces device compliance and managemen,t but cannot automatically classify or encrypt email messages.
Using MIP with OME ensures sensitive information sent via email remains confidential, protecting intellectual property and ensuring compliance with regulations like GDPR or HIPAA. Labels can be applied manually or automatically, and recipients outside the organization can be granted secure access while unauthorized users are blocked.