Microsoft MS-102 Microsoft 365 Administrator Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 1 Q1-15
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Question 1
A company wants to prevent users from accidentally sending sensitive information to people outside the organization via email. Which Microsoft 365 feature should the administrator configure?
A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies
C) Microsoft Intune compliance policies
D) Azure AD Conditional Access
Answer: B) Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies
Explanation:
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint is primarily designed for endpoint security. It monitors devices, detects threats, and provides responses to malware or suspicious activity on devices. While it enhances overall security posture, it does not have built-in mechanisms to analyze emails for sensitive information or prevent data leakage through email messages. Using Defender alone would not address the requirement to monitor content being sent outside the organization.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies are specifically designed to prevent the accidental sharing of sensitive information. These policies can be configured to scan emails, documents, and messages for sensitive data types such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or confidential business information. Administrators can create rules that block, restrict, or warn users when they attempt to send such information outside the organization. DLP policies can also generate incident reports for auditing purposes, ensuring compliance with internal policies and regulatory requirements.
Microsoft Intune compliance policies focus on ensuring that devices accessing corporate resources meet organizational security standards, such as requiring encryption, PINs, or minimum OS versions. While Intune helps maintain device compliance and can restrict access to Microsoft 365 services if devices are non-compliant, it does not examine content in emails or documents to prevent data leaks. Therefore, Intune is useful for device management but not for monitoring sensitive data in transit.
Azure AD Conditional Access is a feature that enforces access controls based on conditions such as user location, device state, or risk level. It helps ensure that only authorized and compliant devices or users can access applications, but it does not analyze email content for sensitive data. Conditional Access can block access under certain conditions but cannot prevent accidental sharing of information in messages.
Data Loss Prevention policies directly address the need to prevent sensitive information from being sent outside the organization. They provide granular control over email, documents, and other communication channels. By configuring DLP policies in the Microsoft 365 Security & Compliance Center, administrators can define sensitive data types, set rules for actions like blocking, notifying, or logging, and educate users through policy tips when attempting to send restricted information. DLP integrates seamlessly with Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, and OneDrive for Business, allowing for centralized management. Additionally, DLP policies support exceptions and conditions to reduce unnecessary blocking, making the approach flexible. Considering all aspects, DLP policies are the most suitable feature for this scenario because they are specifically designed to detect and prevent the accidental sharing of sensitive information.
Question 2
An organization wants to implement a self-service password reset (SSPR) solution for users. Which two configurations are required in Microsoft 365 to enable this feature?
A) Azure AD Premium P1 or P2 license
B) Microsoft Intune Device Enrollment
C) Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) registration
D) Exchange Online mailbox creation
Answer: A) Azure AD Premium P1 or P2 license, C) Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) registration
Explanation:
AD Premium P1 or P2 licenses provide advanced identity and access management capabilities, including self-service password reset. The P1 license includes conditional access, identity protection, and self-service password reset for cloud users. The P2 license adds additional features like privileged identity management and risk-based conditional access. Without one of these licenses, SSPR cannot be enabled in Microsoft 365 for users.
Device Enrollment in Microsoft Intune is mainly for managing mobile devices and applying compliance policies. While Intune can integrate with conditional access and MFA for security, it is not directly required to enable self-service password reset. Intune may indirectly support the security context of SSPR if devices are used for authentication or verification, but it is not a prerequisite.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) registration is essential for SSPR because Microsoft uses verification methods such as phone numbers, email, or authenticator apps to confirm the identity of the user resetting the password. Without MFA or a registered authentication method, users cannot securely perform a self-service password reset, making MFA registration a critical configuration step.
Exchange Online mailbox creation is necessary only for mail-based functionalities but is unrelated to enabling self-service password reset. While email may be used as one verification method in SSPR, creating a mailbox is not a mandatory configuration requirement for enabling SSPR itself, as verification can use alternative methods like phone or authenticator apps.
The Azure AD Premium license is required to provide the underlying SSPR capability. MFA registration ensures that the system has a verified method to authenticate users during a password reset. Together, these configurations allow administrators to deploy a secure self-service password reset solution, minimizing helpdesk calls while maintaining identity security.
Question 3
A company wants to ensure that external guests added to Microsoft Teams cannot download documents from SharePoint Online. Which configuration should the administrator use?
A) Teams Meeting policies
B) Azure AD B2B collaboration settings
C) SharePoint Online sharing settings
D) Microsoft Defender for Office 365 Safe Attachments
Answer: C) SharePoint Online sharing settings
Explanation:
Teams Meeting policies control aspects like who can schedule meetings, record meetings, or bypass the lobby. These policies do not control file access or document download permissions in Teams or SharePoint. While meeting policies enhance collaboration governance, they do not meet the requirement to restrict downloads.
Azure AD B2B collaboration settings manage how external users are invited and authenticated within the tenant. They determine whether guests can sign in, how their accounts are handled, and what access they get by default. However, B2B collaboration settings alone do not provide granular control over document permissions in SharePoint or Teams. They are focused on identity and access rather than specific content actions.
SharePoint Online sharing settings allow administrators to configure granular permissions for sites, libraries, and files. Administrators can restrict guest users to view-only access or prevent them from downloading documents. These settings are integrated with Teams because Teams files are stored in SharePoint Online document libraries. By adjusting sharing settings, the organization can enforce policies that prevent external guests from downloading documents while still allowing collaboration within Teams.
Microsoft Defender for Office 365 Safe Attachments protects against malicious files and phishing attacks by scanning attachments in emails and documents. While this enhances security and prevents malware exposure, it does not control the ability of users to download legitimate documents from SharePoint.
Thus, configuring SharePoint Online sharing settings is the most appropriate approach. By modifying permissions at the library or site level, administrators can set guest users to have read-only access or use advanced settings like Information Rights Management (IRM) to further restrict download, copy, or print capabilities. This ensures that external guests can collaborate securely without compromising sensitive document integrity.
Question 4
Your organization requires all users to sign in with Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) when accessing Microsoft 365 services. Which tool should you use to enforce this policy?
A) Exchange Online Protection
B) Azure AD Conditional Access
C) Microsoft Endpoint Manager
D) Microsoft 365 Compliance Center
Answer: B) Azure AD Conditional Access
Explanation:
Exchange Online Protection focuses on securing email against spam, malware, and phishing attacks. While it enhances overall email security, it does not enforce MFA requirements across Microsoft 365 services. EOP ensures safe email delivery but cannot control authentication methods.
Azure AD Conditional Access allows administrators to define access policies based on user, device, application, and location conditions. By using conditional access, you can require MFA for all users or specific groups when accessing Microsoft 365 services, ensuring that the authentication process aligns with organizational security requirements. Conditional Access can be granular, applying MFA only under certain circumstances such as external access or high-risk sign-ins.
Microsoft Endpoint Manager manages devices, deploys applications, and enforces compliance policies on endpoints. While it integrates with conditional access and can enforce device compliance, it does not directly enforce MFA for authentication across cloud services. Endpoint Manager is more focused on device posture and management.
Microsoft 365 Compliance Center provides tools for compliance, auditing, and data governance, including DLP, retention policies, and eDiscovery. Compliance Center does not control authentication methods or enforce MFA across services.
Therefore, Azure AD Conditional Access is the correct tool. It integrates with Azure AD authentication workflows and allows the organization to create policies that require MFA for sign-ins, ensuring security without significantly impacting usability. Administrators can target specific groups, applications, or conditions to optimize both security and user experience.
Question 5
A company wants to implement Microsoft 365 tenant-wide data retention for email. Which feature should be used?
A) Retention policies in Microsoft 365 Compliance Center
B) Exchange Online mailbox size limits
C) Azure Information Protection labels
D) Microsoft Defender for Office 365 anti-phishing policies
Answer: A) Retention policies in Microsoft 365 Compliance Center
Explanation:
Retention policies in Microsoft 365 Compliance Center are designed to manage the lifecycle of data across Microsoft 365 services, including email, SharePoint, OneDrive, and Teams. These policies allow organizations to retain or delete data based on regulatory, legal, or business requirements. Administrators can configure retention policies to preserve content for a specific period or automatically delete data after a set time. Retention policies ensure that organizational email remains available for compliance, auditing, or legal requirements.
Exchange Online mailbox size limits control the maximum storage capacity for individual mailboxes. While these limits prevent mailboxes from growing excessively, they do not provide mechanisms for enforcing retention or data lifecycle management. Size limits are operational controls, not compliance tools.
Azure Information Protection labels allow organizations to classify and protect sensitive information by applying encryption, rights management, or visual markings. Labels can be used in conjunction with retention policies but do not enforce retention on their own. They are primarily focused on protecting and classifying content rather than enforcing tenant-wide data lifecycle policies.
Microsoft Defender for Office 365 anti-phishing policies protect users from phishing attacks by analyzing email messages for malicious links or impersonation attempts. While these policies enhance security, they do not manage retention or enforce data preservation across email systems.
Retention policies are comprehensive tools for enforcing organizational standards on data preservation. Administrators can deploy retention labels automatically or manually, create policies targeting specific groups, and ensure that email and other content remain compliant with legal or corporate requirements. These policies provide reporting and audit capabilities to verify that retention rules are being applied correctly. By centralizing data retention management in Microsoft 365 Compliance Center, organizations can maintain consistent standards across all workloads while reducing the risk of data loss or regulatory violations.
Question 6
An organization wants to prevent users from using weak passwords when accessing Microsoft 365 services. Which feature should the administrator configure?
A) Azure AD Password Protection
B) Microsoft Defender for Identity
C) Microsoft Intune Device Compliance
D) Exchange Online Safe Links
Answer: A) Azure AD Password Protection
Explanation:
Azure AD Password Protection is specifically designed to prevent users from choosing weak or easily guessable passwords. This feature enforces a banned password list, which includes common passwords like “Password123” or dictionary words. Administrators can configure a custom banned password list to match organizational security policies, ensuring that users select passwords that meet complexity requirements. Password Protection also includes smart algorithms that detect variations of weak passwords, providing an additional layer of security against common attacks. This solution applies to both cloud and hybrid users, making it versatile for organizations with mixed environments.
Microsoft Defender for Identity focuses on detecting suspicious activities, compromised credentials, and identity-based threats. While it improves overall security posture by monitoring accounts for risky behavior, it does not enforce password strength policies or prevent users from creating weak passwords. Defender for Identity is reactive and monitoring-oriented rather than preventive in terms of password management.
Microsoft Intune Device Compliance is designed to ensure that devices accessing corporate resources meet organizational security standards, such as encryption, OS version, and device health. While device compliance can work with conditional access policies to enforce access restrictions, it does not govern the complexity or strength of user passwords. Intune ensures secure devices but not secure passwords.
Exchange Online Safe Links is a security feature that scans URLs in emails to protect users from malicious links. It is part of Microsoft Defender for Office 365 and focuses on threat protection within email content. While Safe Links enhances email security, it has no functionality related to password strength or authentication policies.
Azure AD Password Protection is therefore the correct solution. By configuring this feature, administrators can reduce the risk of account compromise due to weak passwords. It supports hybrid environments by integrating with on-premises Active Directory, allowing organizations to enforce consistent password policies across cloud and on-premises systems. The feature also includes reporting capabilities to monitor password changes, detect violations, and evaluate the effectiveness of password policies. By applying Azure AD Password Protection, the organization strengthens identity security, minimizes brute-force and dictionary attacks, and ensures compliance with best practices for password management.
Question 7
A company wants to automatically archive inactive emails after two years to reduce mailbox size. Which feature should the administrator configure?
A) Exchange Online retention policies
B) Microsoft Purview eDiscovery
C) SharePoint Online retention labels
D) Microsoft Teams retention policies
Answer: A) Exchange Online retention policies
Explanation:
Exchange Online retention policies are designed to manage email lifecycle and storage by automatically archiving or deleting messages based on age, content type, or other criteria. Administrators can configure policies to move emails older than a specific period, such as two years, into an archive mailbox, helping users manage their primary mailbox storage and comply with organizational data management standards. Retention policies can also enforce deletion of items after a defined period while providing reporting and auditing capabilities.
Microsoft Purview eDiscovery is a tool used for legal investigations, content searches, and compliance-related scenarios. It allows administrators and compliance officers to identify, hold, and export relevant data for legal matters. While eDiscovery can locate and preserve emails, it does not automate the archiving or deletion of inactive emails. Its primary focus is content discovery rather than lifecycle management.
SharePoint Online retention labels are used to classify and retain documents or content stored in SharePoint or OneDrive. These labels help enforce retention and deletion policies for files but are not applicable to email messages in Exchange Online. While retention labels can be part of a broader data governance strategy, they do not address the specific need to archive emails automatically after a defined period.
Microsoft Teams retention policies control chat messages, channel conversations, and Teams-related content. They do not manage Exchange Online emails or archive messages from users’ mailboxes. Teams policies help with collaboration data governance but cannot reduce mailbox size by archiving older emails.
Exchange Online retention policies are therefore the most appropriate solution. By configuring these policies, administrators can automatically archive emails that meet the criteria, reducing primary mailbox size, improving system performance, and ensuring compliance with organizational data retention standards. These policies provide flexibility to define retention periods, actions (archive or delete), and exceptions for specific users or groups, ensuring that organizational requirements are consistently applied across all mailboxes.
Question 8
An organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 from unmanaged devices while allowing access from compliant devices. Which feature should be used?
A) Azure AD Conditional Access
B) Microsoft Intune Device Compliance policies
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Exchange Online Mobile Device Policies
Answer: A) Azure AD Conditional Access
Explanation:
Azure AD Conditional Access provides the capability to enforce access control policies based on user identity, device state, location, and risk factors. By combining Conditional Access with device compliance signals from Microsoft Intune, administrators can block access from unmanaged devices while allowing access from devices that meet compliance requirements. This ensures that sensitive organizational data is only accessible from secure, managed endpoints, reducing the risk of data breaches or unauthorized access. Conditional Access policies can be granular, targeting specific users, groups, or applications, and can enforce MFA, device compliance, or location-based restrictions.
Microsoft Intune Device Compliance policies determine whether a device meets organizational security requirements. While compliance policies define the standards (e.g., encryption, OS version, PIN), they alone cannot block or grant access to Microsoft 365 resources. These policies provide the compliance signal that Conditional Access uses to make access decisions. Without Conditional Access, compliance settings do not enforce access restrictions.
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint protects devices from malware, phishing, and other endpoint threats. It provides advanced threat detection, vulnerability management, and remediation capabilities. While it strengthens device security, it does not directly control access to Microsoft 365 based on compliance or management status. Defender helps protect data but cannot enforce policy-based access restrictions on its own.
Exchange Online Mobile Device Policies manage mobile access to mailboxes, including settings like PIN requirements, encryption, and remote wipe. These policies do not enforce access restrictions based on compliance or management state across Microsoft 365 services. They are limited to controlling mobile device access to Exchange Online and cannot provide tenant-wide access control.
Conditional Access is the correct approach because it allows integration with device compliance data to enforce secure access rules. By using Conditional Access, organizations can ensure that only devices meeting security standards can access sensitive Microsoft 365 resources. This approach reduces the attack surface, mitigates risk from unmanaged devices, and supports secure productivity without overburdening users.
Question 9
An organization wants to monitor and report on user activities across Microsoft 365, including document access, email reads, and sign-ins. Which feature should the administrator use?
A) Microsoft 365 Audit Logs
B) Azure AD Identity Protection
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Microsoft Purview eDiscovery
Answer: A) Microsoft 365 Audit Logs
Explanation:
Microsoft 365 Audit Logs provide a comprehensive solution for monitoring and reporting user and administrator activities across the tenant. The service captures detailed records of actions performed in Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, OneDrive, Teams, and other Microsoft 365 workloads. For example, administrators can track when users open or modify documents, send emails, sign in, or perform configuration changes. This data can be exported, filtered, and analyzed to identify unusual activity patterns, enforce compliance, and support investigations.
Azure AD Identity Protection primarily focuses on detecting and remediating identity-based risks such as compromised accounts, risky sign-ins, and users exhibiting abnormal authentication behavior. While it provides risk alerts and remediation, it does not offer granular logs of all user actions across Microsoft 365 workloads. Its main purpose is identity security rather than comprehensive activity auditing.
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint is an endpoint security platform that protects devices from malware, ransomware, and other cyber threats. It monitors device behavior, detects attacks, and facilitates remediation, but it does not provide tenant-wide auditing of user actions across cloud services. While it contributes to security posture, it cannot replace audit logs for monitoring activities within Microsoft 365.
Microsoft Purview eDiscovery is a solution used for legal investigations, compliance requests, and internal investigations. eDiscovery allows searching and holding content for review, export, or legal proceedings but does not continuously monitor or report on user actions in real time. It is designed for retrospective investigation rather than proactive activity auditing.
Using Microsoft 365 Audit Logs, administrators can generate reports for compliance and security needs, including detecting insider threats, tracking document access patterns, or investigating potential breaches. It supports automated alerting through the Security & Compliance Center and integration with third-party SIEM tools for enhanced monitoring. Audit Logs provide visibility into all Microsoft 365 workloads, offering a centralized source of truth for administrators. By leveraging this feature, the organization can ensure accountability, transparency, and adherence to regulatory or corporate standards. The combination of search, filtering, and reporting capabilities makes Audit Logs an indispensable tool for understanding user behavior and securing organizational data.
Question 10
A company wants to encrypt all outgoing emails to external recipients automatically. Which feature should the administrator enable?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection – Sensitivity Labels
B) Microsoft Defender for Office 365 Safe Links
C) Exchange Online DLP policies
D) Azure AD Conditional Access
Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection – Sensitivity Labels
Explanation:
Microsoft Purview Information Protection (MIP) Sensitivity Labels are a comprehensive solution for organizations to classify, protect, and manage content based on its sensitivity. These labels allow administrators to define rules that automatically enforce protection measures such as encryption, access restrictions, and visual markings for sensitive information. One of the most critical applications of sensitivity labels is in the automatic encryption of emails, particularly those sent outside the organization. By encrypting outgoing emails, organizations ensure that only the intended recipients can open and read the message. Encryption also protects data while it is in transit, preventing unauthorized access, interception, or modification of sensitive content. This capability is especially important for organizations that handle confidential or regulated information, including personally identifiable information, financial records, intellectual property, or health-related data.
Sensitivity labels can be applied manually by users or automatically based on predefined conditions. Automatic labeling is a powerful feature that reduces administrative overhead and ensures consistent application of security policies across the organization. Conditions for auto-labeling can include the presence of specific keywords in the email or document, detection of sensitive data types, the recipient’s domain or type (internal versus external), or the classification of the content in SharePoint, Teams, or OneDrive. By leveraging these conditions, organizations can prevent accidental exposure of sensitive information without relying solely on user discretion. This automated approach ensures that security policies are consistently applied across all communications and content storage locations, helping to reduce the risk of human error and improve overall compliance.
While sensitivity labels provide content-level protection, it is important to understand how they differ from other Microsoft 365 security features. Microsoft Defender for Office 365 Safe Links, for example, protects users from malicious URLs embedded in emails and documents. Safe Links scans links in real time and blocks access to known phishing or malware sites, providing an important layer of threat protection. However, Safe Links does not encrypt email messages or protect the content itself during transmission. Its primary focus is on preventing malware infections and phishing attacks rather than securing sensitive data through encryption or policy enforcement. Therefore, while Safe Links complements broader security strategies, it cannot replace sensitivity labels for protecting the confidentiality of information.
Exchange Online Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies are another security feature that helps organizations control the flow of sensitive information. DLP policies detect specific data types, such as credit card numbers, Social Security numbers, or other confidential identifiers, and can take automated actions, such as blocking an email or alerting the sender or administrator. While DLP is effective in preventing accidental sharing of sensitive content, it does not provide encryption or control over who can open a message once it is delivered. DLP policies may work in conjunction with sensitivity labels by identifying sensitive content and triggering a labeling action, but on their own, they are insufficient for automatically encrypting emails or ensuring that sensitive messages are protected end-to-end.
Azure AD Conditional Access is another important component of Microsoft 365 security, managing access to applications and services based on user identity, device compliance, location, or risk factors. Conditional Access can enforce multifactor authentication (MFA), require that users sign in from managed or compliant devices, or block risky sessions. While these capabilities are crucial for securing access to Microsoft 365 apps, Conditional Access does not provide content-level encryption or control over how email messages are shared or used after delivery. It ensures secure access to the service but does not directly protect the data contained within emails or documents.
Sensitivity labels are uniquely capable of providing both classification and protection in a single solution. They integrate seamlessly with Microsoft 365 applications such as Outlook, SharePoint, Teams, and OneDrive, enabling organizations to enforce policies consistently across multiple content types and collaboration platforms. Administrators can create policies that automatically encrypt emails sent to external recipients, maintain audit logs, and apply visual markings that indicate the confidentiality of content. This dual approach of visual labeling and encryption helps raise user awareness about the sensitivity of information and encourages responsible handling of data. For example, users will see labels such as «Confidential» or «Highly Confidential» directly in the email interface, signaling the need for caution before sharing, forwarding, or printing the content.
By implementing sensitivity labels, organizations can achieve a scalable, automated, and policy-driven solution for email encryption. This approach ensures that sensitive information is consistently protected without disrupting productivity or requiring extensive user intervention. Audit logs and reporting features provide visibility into how sensitive data is accessed, shared, and protected, supporting regulatory compliance with standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, or internal corporate policies. Sensitivity labels also enable organizations to balance security with usability, ensuring that employees can continue collaborating efficiently while maintaining strict controls over confidential information.
In conclusion, Microsoft Purview Information Protection sensitivity labels provide an essential layer of security for Microsoft 365 environments. They combine classification, automated policy enforcement, encryption, and visual indicators to protect sensitive content across emails, documents, and collaboration platforms. Unlike Defender for Office 365 Safe Links, Exchange Online DLP, or Azure AD Conditional Access, sensitivity labels directly apply encryption to email messages and protect data during transit. By automating labeling and encryption based on content type, recipient, or context, organizations can reduce administrative effort, maintain compliance, and safeguard sensitive information effectively, creating a secure and user-friendly environment for communication and collaboration.
Question 11
A company plans to implement device-based Conditional Access to restrict Microsoft 365 access. Which data source is required to evaluate device compliance?
A) Microsoft Intune
B) Exchange Online Mobile Device Management
C) Azure Information Protection
D) Microsoft Defender for Identity
Answer: A) Microsoft Intune
Explanation:
Microsoft Intune is the cloud-based endpoint management solution that allows organizations to manage and enforce compliance policies on devices. Conditional Access policies can use Intune compliance data to evaluate whether a device meets predefined security criteria such as encryption, OS version, or device health. If a device is non-compliant, Conditional Access can block access to Microsoft 365 resources. This integration ensures that only trusted, secure devices can access sensitive information, reducing the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches. Intune supports a wide range of devices, including Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android, providing flexibility for organizations with diverse device environments.
Exchange Online Mobile Device Management provides limited management capabilities for mobile devices accessing mailboxes, such as requiring PINs or remote wipe. While this can enforce basic security, it does not provide full compliance data for Conditional Access policies across all Microsoft 365 services. MDM alone cannot evaluate device compliance in the context of tenant-wide access control.
Azure Information Protection focuses on classifying and protecting content based on sensitivity. While it is critical for data protection, it does not provide device compliance data needed for Conditional Access evaluation. AIP ensures document-level security but cannot determine whether a device meets organizational compliance requirements.
Microsoft Defender for Identity monitors identity and authentication threats. It detects suspicious activity and compromised accounts but does not provide information about device compliance status. Defender for Identity enhances security by monitoring accounts, but Conditional Access requires device posture signals from Intune to make access decisions.
Intune is the correct data source because it enables administrators to enforce security policies, track device compliance, and integrate seamlessly with Conditional Access. Devices that meet compliance requirements gain access, while non-compliant devices are blocked or restricted. This ensures organizational security, reduces risk, and provides a scalable solution for managing access to Microsoft 365 based on device security posture.
Question 12
An organization wants to block downloads of sensitive files from SharePoint for non-compliant devices. Which Microsoft 365 feature should be used?
A) Conditional Access with SharePoint access control
B) Microsoft 365 Retention Policies
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Exchange Online Data Loss Prevention
Answer: A) Conditional Access with SharePoint access control
Explanation:
Conditional Access with SharePoint access control is a robust security mechanism within Microsoft 365 that allows administrators to enforce access restrictions based on device compliance. This capability provides organizations with the ability to maintain granular control over how users interact with sensitive content stored in SharePoint Online and OneDrive for Business. For example, administrators can configure policies that block actions such as downloading, printing, or copying files if the device being used does not meet the organization’s compliance requirements. At the same time, compliant devices are allowed to access content normally, which ensures that collaboration and productivity are not unnecessarily hindered for users who follow security guidelines.
The policies rely on real-time evaluation of several conditions, including device compliance as determined by Intune, user identity, geographic location, and risk level. Device compliance is assessed based on criteria such as device encryption, operating system updates, antivirus status, and other security configurations. By integrating with Intune, Conditional Access can dynamically determine whether a device meets these requirements before granting access to SharePoint or OneDrive resources. This ensures that only devices that comply with organizational security standards are permitted to interact with sensitive content, reducing the risk of data leakage or unauthorized access.
In contrast, other Microsoft 365 tools serve different security and compliance purposes but do not provide the same level of granular, real-time control over content access. For example, Microsoft 365 Retention Policies are designed to manage the lifecycle of data by retaining or deleting content according to organizational or regulatory requirements. While retention policies help ensure compliance and governance, they do not restrict user actions such as downloading or printing content from SharePoint. Retention is focused on preserving information rather than actively preventing data exfiltration or enforcing access controls.
Similarly, Azure AD Identity Protection enhances identity security by detecting risky sign-ins and potentially compromised accounts. It can trigger access restrictions based on detected risk levels or suspicious activity, but it does not provide content-level controls within SharePoint or OneDrive. For instance, Identity Protection cannot selectively block downloads or printing of files based on device compliance or security posture. Its primary focus is on the authentication and identity layer rather than content access.
Exchange Online Data Loss Prevention (DLP) provides another layer of protection, primarily aimed at preventing sensitive information from leaving the organization via email. While DLP can detect and block the transmission of sensitive content through messages, it does not govern access to files stored in SharePoint or OneDrive, nor does it dynamically enforce restrictions based on device compliance.
Conditional Access with SharePoint access control is uniquely positioned to bridge this gap by enforcing security policies at the point of access. By integrating with Intune for device compliance, administrators gain real-time visibility into the security posture of devices and can apply rules dynamically. This approach protects organizational data while allowing users on compliant devices to continue collaborating efficiently. It ensures a balance between maintaining strong security controls and supporting productivity, making it a critical tool for organizations that need to safeguard sensitive content without disrupting day-to-day workflows.
Question 13
A company needs to delegate Microsoft 365 administration to a helpdesk team without giving full Global Administrator rights. Which role should be assigned?
A) User Administrator
B) Global Reader
C) Exchange Administrator
D) Compliance Administrator
Answer: A) User Administrator
Explanation:
The User Administrator role in Microsoft 365 is designed to allow designated personnel, such as helpdesk or support staff, to manage users, groups, and passwords without granting full administrative privileges across the tenant. This role is particularly valuable in organizations that need to maintain operational efficiency while ensuring that sensitive administrative capabilities are restricted to trusted personnel. Helpdesk staff assigned the User Administrator role can perform essential tasks such as creating and updating user accounts, resetting passwords, and assigning licenses. This targeted delegation ensures that day-to-day administrative activities can be handled efficiently, while higher-risk configuration settings and global tenant management remain protected. By using this role, organizations can enforce operational segregation of duties, allowing routine user management to be handled without exposing critical administrative functions unnecessarily.
The User Administrator role supports the principle of least privilege, which is a cornerstone of modern identity and access management. By limiting helpdesk staff to only the permissions they need to perform their tasks, the organization reduces the likelihood of accidental changes, misconfigurations, or misuse of elevated privileges. For instance, while helpdesk staff can reset passwords and manage user accounts, they cannot modify security settings, manage other administrators, or access global tenant configurations. This controlled scope ensures that operational efficiency is maintained without compromising the overall security posture of the Microsoft 365 environment.
In comparison, the Global Reader role provides read-only access to Microsoft 365 configuration data and settings. While this role is useful for auditing, reporting, or monitoring purposes, it does not enable helpdesk staff to perform operational tasks such as resetting passwords or managing user accounts. Users with the Global Reader role can view configurations, licenses, and compliance reports, but they cannot make any changes. As a result, this role is unsuitable for helpdesk functions that require hands-on management of user accounts and groups.
Similarly, the Exchange Administrator role is specialized for managing mailboxes, email policies, and Exchange-specific configurations. While it provides the necessary permissions for tasks related to Exchange Online, it does not grant general user management capabilities outside of email. Assigning Exchange Administrator to helpdesk staff would be too narrow for operational needs, as it would allow them to handle mail-related tasks but not perform routine account administration or licensing management for the broader tenant.
The Compliance Administrator role focuses on data governance, retention policies, eDiscovery, and other compliance-related functions. This role is designed for teams responsible for regulatory compliance and information governance, rather than operational support. While important for ensuring adherence to legal and regulatory requirements, it does not grant the necessary permissions for user management or helpdesk operations, making it unsuitable for delegating everyday administrative tasks.
Assigning the User Administrator role to helpdesk staff ensures that they can efficiently perform routine operational tasks such as account creation, password resets, and license assignment, while maintaining the security and integrity of more sensitive administrative functions. This role-based delegation aligns with organizational policies and security best practices by enforcing the principle of least privilege, minimizing risk, and supporting operational effectiveness in a controlled and secure manner.
Question 14
A company wants to automatically apply sensitivity labels to documents stored in OneDrive based on content inspection. Which feature should be used?
A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection – Auto-labeling
B) Microsoft Intune Device Compliance
C) Azure AD Conditional Access
D) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
Answer: A) Microsoft Purview Information Protection – Auto-labeling
Explanation:
Auto-labeling in Microsoft Purview Information Protection allows administrators to automatically classify and protect documents based on content inspection. Policies can detect sensitive information such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or confidential business terms. Once identified, the system applies predefined sensitivity labels, which may include encryption, access restrictions, and visual markings. This automated approach ensures consistent enforcement of data protection policies without relying on user intervention.
Microsoft Intune Device Compliance is focused on endpoint security and does not provide capabilities for content inspection or automatic labeling of documents. Compliance policies ensure secure devices but do not govern document classification.
Azure AD Conditional Access manages access to applications based on identity and device conditions but does not inspect or label document content. Conditional Access controls access, not classification.
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint detects threats and malicious activity on devices but does not automatically classify or label documents in OneDrive. It enhances security but cannot apply sensitivity policies to content.
Auto-labeling ensures that sensitive content is consistently protected across OneDrive and SharePoint. Policies can be fine-tuned to include exceptions, monitor effectiveness, and maintain compliance with regulatory requirements. It reduces human error and ensures that organizational data protection standards are applied automatically, providing a scalable solution for modern workplaces.
Question 15
An organization wants to track and investigate potential insider threats in Microsoft 365. Which tool should the administrator use?
A) Microsoft 365 Insider Risk Management
B) Azure AD Identity Protection
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Exchange Online Message Trace
Answer: A) Microsoft 365 Insider Risk Management
Explanation:
Microsoft 365 Insider Risk Management is designed to detect, investigate, and mitigate potential insider threats. The solution uses machine learning, policy-driven alerts, and activity analytics to identify risky behavior such as data exfiltration, policy violations, or unusual document access. Administrators can define risk policies tailored to the organization’s needs, monitor alerts, investigate incidents, and take corrective actions such as restricting access or notifying supervisors. This approach helps organizations proactively protect sensitive information from internal threats.
Azure AD Identity Protection focuses on detecting compromised accounts and risky sign-ins but does not provide detailed monitoring of insider activity within Microsoft 365 content. It is more concerned with identity risks than comprehensive insider threat management.
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint monitors device-level threats, malware, and suspicious activities on endpoints. While it enhances security, it does not provide a centralized solution for detecting insider risk behaviors across Microsoft 365 workloads. Endpoint protection alone cannot correlate internal user activity patterns.
Exchange Online Message Trace allows administrators to track email delivery, sender, recipient, and message events for troubleshooting or compliance purposes. While useful for email auditing, it cannot detect or mitigate insider threats comprehensively.
Insider Risk Management provides a holistic approach by correlating user behavior, communications, and document activity to identify potential threats. The tool enables organizations to respond proactively and maintain compliance with internal policies and regulatory standards while protecting sensitive organizational data from misuse by insiders.