Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer — Professional DOP-C02 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 11 Q151-165 - Certbolt

Visit here for our full Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer — Professional DOP-C02 exam dumps and practice test questions.

Question 151

A company wants to automatically scale ECS services on Fargate based on CPU and memory usage while receiving real-time alerts when thresholds are breached. Which AWS service combination provides this capability?

A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling
B) AWS Config + Lambda
C) Amazon S3 + Athena
D) AWS Backup + SNS

Answer: A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling

Explanation:

Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring service that provides metrics, alarms, and dashboards for ECS services running on Fargate. CloudWatch collects metrics such as CPU utilization, memory consumption, number of running tasks, and service health. Monitoring these metrics helps operations teams identify potential performance issues and maintain application responsiveness. CloudWatch allows creation of alarms that trigger notifications when defined thresholds are exceeded. For instance, sustained CPU utilization above 80% could generate an alarm notifying operations teams that additional tasks may be required. Dashboards provide a consolidated view of current and historical performance trends, enabling proactive capacity planning and troubleshooting.

ECS Service Auto Scaling works with CloudWatch metrics to automatically adjust the number of running tasks based on resource usage. Scaling policies define when to scale out (add tasks) or scale in (remove tasks). When CPU or memory usage exceeds defined thresholds, Auto Scaling launches additional tasks to maintain performance. Conversely, when usage drops below the threshold, tasks are terminated to optimize cost efficiency. This automation ensures high availability while reducing manual operational overhead. By integrating CloudWatch with Auto Scaling, organizations can maintain consistent application performance under fluctuating workloads.

AWS Config combined with Lambda primarily handles configuration compliance and automated remediation. Config evaluates AWS resources against predefined policies, and Lambda can execute corrective actions for noncompliant resources. While useful for governance and compliance, this combination does not provide real-time monitoring or automatic scaling of ECS tasks based on resource utilization.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and querying capabilities. ECS logs could be stored in S3 and analyzed using Athena, but this approach is retrospective and not real-time. It does not provide alerts or dynamic scaling based on CPU or memory usage.

AWS Backup with SNS ensures resource recoverability and sends notifications about backup statuses. While SNS can alert teams about backup completion or failure, these services do not monitor ECS performance or trigger scaling actions.

By combining CloudWatch metrics with ECS Service Auto Scaling, organizations gain a fully managed, automated solution for monitoring and scaling containerized workloads. CloudWatch provides real-time insights, triggers alerts, and feeds metrics to Auto Scaling, which adjusts task counts dynamically. This approach ensures performance consistency, cost optimization, and operational efficiency, making it the correct solution.

Question 152

A global web application must route traffic to the AWS region with the lowest latency, automatically fail over in case of regional failure, and provide real-time monitoring of endpoint performance. Which AWS service combination is appropriate?

A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch
B) CloudFront + S3
C) Direct Connect + VPC Peering
D) Lambda + DynamoDB

Answer: A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch

Explanation:

Amazon Route 53 provides latency-based routing that directs users to the AWS region offering the lowest network latency. Multiple endpoints across regions can be configured, and Route 53 evaluates the origin of each request to determine the optimal routing path. This reduces latency and improves application responsiveness for a global user base. Latency-based routing adapts dynamically to network changes and varying user locations, ensuring a consistent user experience.

Health checks in Route 53 continuously monitor the availability and performance of each endpoint. If an endpoint becomes unhealthy or fails, Route 53 automatically reroutes traffic to a healthy region. This failover mechanism guarantees high availability without requiring manual intervention. Health checks can be configured for HTTP/S responses, TCP ports, or custom application indicators. Automated failover is critical for mission-critical applications that cannot tolerate downtime.

CloudWatch complements Route 53 by providing real-time visibility into metrics such as latency, error rates, request counts, and throughput. CloudWatch dashboards enable operations teams to detect trends, anomalies, and performance degradation proactively. Alarms can notify teams when endpoints become unhealthy or when thresholds are exceeded. Integration with EventBridge allows automated workflows to remediate issues, scale resources, or notify personnel. Historical CloudWatch data supports trend analysis and proactive optimization.

CloudFront with S3 accelerates static content delivery using edge caching. While it enhances performance for static assets, it does not provide latency-based routing or automated failover for dynamic endpoints or APIs. It is useful for improving content delivery but not for global traffic management.

Direct Connect and VPC Peering improve network connectivity between on-premises data centers and AWS VPCs or between VPCs. However, they do not offer latency-based routing, failover, or monitoring capabilities for a globally distributed application.

Lambda combined with DynamoDB provides serverless compute and storage, but cannot route traffic based on latency, monitor endpoint health, or automatically fail over traffic during regional outages.

The combination of Route 53 latency-based routing, health checks, and CloudWatch provides optimal global routing, high availability, and operational visibility. Users are directed to the fastest healthy endpoints, endpoints are continuously monitored, and operations teams gain actionable insights. This solution ensures low latency, high availability, and proactive monitoring, making it the correct choice.

Question 153

A company processes sensitive financial transactions using AWS Lambda functions. They require encryption of environment variables, prevention of unauthorized code changes, and a fully auditable compliance trail. Which AWS service combination meets these requirements?

A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS
B) Amazon S3 + Athena
C) CloudFront + WAF
D) QuickSight + CloudTrail

Answer: A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS

Explanation:

AWS Config provides continuous assessment and monitoring of AWS resources against predefined compliance rules. For Lambda functions handling sensitive financial transactions, Config ensures environment variables are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). If a Lambda function is noncompliant, Config flags it and logs detailed information, creating a full audit trail. Continuous monitoring ensures that security policies and regulatory requirements are enforced consistently. Config retains historical records, enabling retrospective audits and verification of compliance, which is essential for financial applications under PCI DSS, SOC 2, or SOX regulations.

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) provides centralized encryption and key management. Lambda environment variables containing sensitive financial information can be encrypted with KMS-managed keys. KMS ensures that only authorized principals can decrypt these variables, maintaining confidentiality and integrity. Key usage events are logged in CloudTrail, providing a detailed audit trail of decryption events and access. Automated key rotation minimizes the risk of key compromise, ensuring continuous protection of sensitive data.

Lambda functions enforce role-based access control to prevent unauthorized code modifications. By integrating Lambda with Config and KMS, organizations implement a multi-layered security approach. Config monitors compliance, KMS enforces encryption, and Lambda roles restrict access to function code. Automated remediation workflows can be triggered through EventBridge or Systems Manager to correct noncompliant functions, such as re-encrypting variables or disabling unauthorized code changes. This proactive approach ensures operational security without manual intervention.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and querying capabilities, but they do not enforce encryption for Lambda environment variables, prevent unauthorized code changes, or continuously monitor compliance.

CloudFront with WAF secures web applications and accelerates content delivery, but does not provide encryption enforcement, code integrity protection, or compliance auditing for Lambda functions.

QuickSight, combined with CloudTrail, enables visualization and auditing of AWS activity. While CloudTrail logs API calls and QuickSight visualizes trends, this combination does not proactively enforce encryption or prevent unauthorized code modifications. It is primarily for post-event auditing rather than preventive compliance.

By combining AWS Config, Lambda, and KMS, organizations ensure that sensitive environment variables are encrypted, code integrity is maintained, and a full audit trail is preserved. This integrated solution provides continuous monitoring, automated enforcement of security policies, and operational visibility. Multi-layered enforcement reduces risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and protects sensitive financial transactions, making it the correct solution.

Question 154

A company wants to automatically scale ECS services on Fargate based on CPU and memory usage while receiving real-time alerts when thresholds are exceeded. Which AWS service combination should they implement?

A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling
B) AWS Config + Lambda
C) Amazon S3 + Athena
D) AWS Backup + SNS

Answer: A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling

Explanation:

Amazon CloudWatch provides monitoring and observability for ECS services on Fargate. It collects metrics such as CPU utilization, memory consumption, task counts, and service health. Monitoring these metrics allows organizations to understand performance trends and quickly identify potential bottlenecks or under-provisioned resources. CloudWatch allows the creation of alarms to notify teams when metrics exceed predefined thresholds. For instance, if CPU utilization remains above 80% for a sustained period, an alarm can trigger to alert the operations team to scale the service. Dashboards in CloudWatch provide real-time and historical visualizations of ECS performance, which help in proactive capacity planning and operational decision-making.

ECS Service Auto Scaling integrates with CloudWatch metrics to automatically adjust the number of running tasks based on resource usage. Scaling policies define the conditions for scaling out (adding tasks) or scaling in (removing tasks). When CPU or memory usage exceeds defined thresholds, Auto Scaling launches additional tasks to maintain performance and responsiveness. Conversely, when utilization decreases, Auto Scaling terminates tasks to optimize costs. This automation ensures applications remain highly available and performant without requiring manual intervention. By combining CloudWatch with Auto Scaling, organizations achieve real-time resource management and cost optimization.

AWS Config, combined with Lambda, primarily handles configuration compliance and automated remediation. Config monitors AWS resource settings for compliance with predefined rules, while Lambda can execute corrective actions for noncompliant resources. This combination does not provide real-time performance monitoring or automatic task scaling based on ECS metrics, making it insufficient for dynamic workload management.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and analytics capabilities. ECS logs can be stored in S3 and queried using Athena, but this is retrospective analysis and does not provide real-time monitoring, alerts, or dynamic scaling. It is useful for historical reporting, but cannot maintain application responsiveness proactively.

AWS Backup with SNS focuses on data protection and notifications. Backup ensures recoverability of resources, and SNS can alert operations teams about backup events. However, these services do not monitor ECS performance metrics or trigger scaling actions.

The combination of CloudWatch metrics with ECS Service Auto Scaling delivers a fully managed, automated solution for monitoring and scaling ECS workloads. CloudWatch provides visibility into performance, triggers alerts, and feeds metrics to Auto Scaling, which dynamically adjusts task counts. This ensures high availability, optimal performance, cost efficiency, and reduced operational overhead, making it the correct solution.

Question 155

A global web application requires routing users to the AWS region with the lowest latency, automatic failover if a region becomes unavailable, and real-time monitoring of endpoint performance. Which AWS service combination should be used?

A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch
B) CloudFront + S3
C) Direct Connect + VPC Peering
D) Lambda + DynamoDB

Answer: A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch

Explanation:

Amazon Route 53 provides latency-based routing to direct user requests to the AWS region with the lowest network latency. Multiple endpoints across regions can be configured, and Route 53 evaluates the origin of each request to determine the optimal endpoint. This reduces latency and ensures the best possible performance for global users. Latency-based routing adapts automatically to changes in network conditions or user locations, enhancing the global user experience.

Health checks integrated with Route 53 continuously monitor endpoint availability and responsiveness. If an endpoint fails or experiences performance degradation, Route 53 automatically reroutes traffic to a healthy endpoint. This automated failover ensures high availability without manual intervention. Health checks can monitor HTTP/S responses, TCP connections, or custom application-level indicators. Automated failover is critical for mission-critical applications that cannot tolerate downtime.

CloudWatch provides real-time monitoring of endpoint metrics, including latency, error rates, request counts, and throughput. Dashboards allow operations teams to visualize trends and detect anomalies quickly. Alarms can notify teams when endpoints are unhealthy or when metrics exceed defined thresholds. Integration with EventBridge enables automated operational workflows, such as scaling resources, sending notifications, or executing remediation scripts. Historical CloudWatch metrics also allow trend analysis, capacity planning, and proactive optimization of the application.

CloudFront with S3 improves static content delivery via edge caching but does not provide latency-based routing or automated failover for dynamic API endpoints. These services are useful for performance optimization but cannot handle global routing decisions or endpoint monitoring.

Direct Connect and VPC Peering enhance network connectivity between on-premises environments and AWS VPCs or between VPCs. While they improve connectivity, they do not provide latency-based routing, failover, or endpoint health monitoring.

Lambda with DynamoDB offers serverless compute and storage, but does not provide global traffic routing, health checks, or automated failover for a web application.

Combining Route 53 latency-based routing, health checks, and CloudWatch ensures that users are routed to the fastest healthy endpoints, endpoints are continuously monitored, and operational teams receive actionable insights. This solution provides low latency, high availability, and operational visibility, making it the correct choice.

Question 156

A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS
B) Amazon S3 + Athena
C) CloudFront + WAF
D) QuickSight + CloudTrail

Answer: A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS

Explanation:

AWS Config provides continuous assessment and monitoring of AWS resources against predefined compliance rules. For Lambda functions that handle sensitive financial data, Config ensures that environment variables are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). If a function is noncompliant, Config flags it and logs detailed information, generating a full audit trail. Continuous monitoring ensures organizational security policies and regulatory requirements are enforced consistently. Config retains historical configuration records, enabling retrospective auditing and verification of compliance, which is crucial for financial applications governed by PCI DSS, SOC 2, or SOX regulations.

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) offers centralized key management and encryption capabilities. Lambda environment variables containing sensitive financial information can be encrypted using KMS-managed keys. KMS ensures that only authorized principals can decrypt these variables, maintaining confidentiality and integrity. Key usage events are logged in CloudTrail, providing a detailed record of decryption events and access. Automated key rotation reduces the risk of key compromise and ensures continuous protection of sensitive data.

Lambda itself enforces role-based access control to prevent unauthorized code modifications. By integrating Lambda with Config and KMS, organizations implement a multi-layered security approach. Config continuously monitors compliance, KMS enforces encryption, and Lambda roles restrict access to function code. Automated remediation workflows can be implemented using EventBridge or Systems Manager to correct noncompliant functions, such as re-encrypting environment variables or disabling unauthorized code modifications. This proactive approach ensures operational security without manual intervention.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and query capabilities but do not enforce encryption for Lambda environment variables, prevent unauthorized code changes, or continuously monitor compliance.

CloudFront with WAF secures web applications and accelerates content delivery, but does not provide encryption enforcement, code integrity protection, or compliance auditing for Lambda functions.

QuickSight, combined with CloudTrail, enables visualization and auditing of AWS activity. While CloudTrail logs API calls and QuickSight visualizes trends, this combination does not proactively enforce encryption or prevent unauthorized code modifications. It is primarily a post-event auditing tool rather than a preventive compliance solution.

Combining AWS Config, Lambda, and KMS ensures encryption of sensitive environment variables, integrity of Lambda code, and a fully auditable compliance trail. This integrated approach delivers continuous monitoring, automated enforcement of security policies, and operational visibility. Multi-layered enforcement reduces risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and protects sensitive financial transactions, making it the correct solution.

Question 157

A company wants to automatically scale ECS services on Fargate based on CPU and memory usage and receive real-time alerts for threshold breaches. Which AWS service combination should they implement?

A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling
B) AWS Config + Lambda
C) Amazon S3 + Athena
D) AWS Backup + SNS

Answer: A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling

Explanation:

Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring and observability service that provides metrics, alarms, and dashboards for ECS services running on Fargate. It collects metrics such as CPU utilization, memory usage, task counts, and service health. Monitoring these metrics helps teams identify performance issues, optimize resources, and maintain application responsiveness. CloudWatch enables the creation of alarms to notify operations teams when metrics exceed predefined thresholds. For example, sustained CPU utilization above 80% triggers an alarm to alert the team that additional resources may be needed. Dashboards provide real-time and historical performance insights, which aid proactive capacity planning and troubleshooting.

ECS Service Auto Scaling integrates with CloudWatch metrics to automatically adjust the number of running tasks. Scaling policies define the conditions for scaling out (adding tasks) or scaling in (removing tasks) based on CPU and memory thresholds. When metrics exceed the defined limits, Auto Scaling launches additional tasks to maintain performance. Conversely, when usage drops below thresholds, tasks are terminated to optimize costs. This automation ensures high availability and cost efficiency without requiring manual intervention. The integration of CloudWatch with Auto Scaling provides dynamic resource management for fluctuating workloads.

AWS Config, combined with Lambda, primarily focuses on configuration compliance and automated remediation. Config evaluates AWS resources against predefined compliance rules, and Lambda can execute corrective actions for noncompliant resources. While valuable for governance, this combination does not provide real-time monitoring of performance metrics or automated scaling of ECS tasks.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and query capabilities. ECS logs can be stored in S3 and analyzed with Athena, but this is retrospective analysis and does not support real-time alerts or automated scaling. It is useful for reporting but not for maintaining application performance proactively.

AWS Backup with SNS ensures data recoverability and notifications. While SNS can alert teams about backup events, these services do not monitor ECS metrics or trigger scaling actions.

Combining CloudWatch metrics with ECS Service Auto Scaling provides a fully automated solution for monitoring and scaling container workloads. CloudWatch offers visibility, triggers alarms, and informs Auto Scaling, which adjusts task counts dynamically. This ensures consistent application performance, cost optimization, and operational efficiency, making it the correct solution.

Question 158

A global web application requires routing users to the AWS region with the lowest latency, automatic failover for unhealthy regions, and real-time monitoring of endpoint performance. Which AWS service combination is most suitable?

A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch
B) CloudFront + S3
C) Direct Connect + VPC Peering
D) Lambda + DynamoDB

Answer: A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch

Explanation:

Amazon Route 53 provides latency-based routing to direct users to the AWS region with the lowest network latency. Multiple endpoints can be configured across regions, and Route 53 evaluates the source of each request to determine the optimal endpoint. This ensures minimal latency and optimal performance for users worldwide. Latency-based routing adapts dynamically to network conditions and user locations, improving user experience and application responsiveness.

Health checks integrated with Route 53 continuously monitor endpoint availability and performance. If an endpoint becomes unhealthy, Route 53 automatically reroutes traffic to a healthy endpoint. This automated failover mechanism ensures high availability and reduces downtime without manual intervention. Health checks can monitor HTTP/S responses, TCP connections, or custom application indicators, providing precise control over failover. Automated failover is essential for applications where uptime and reliability are critical.

CloudWatch provides real-time monitoring of endpoints, including latency, error rates, request counts, and throughput. Dashboards allow teams to visualize trends and detect anomalies quickly. Alarms notify operations teams when endpoints are unhealthy or thresholds are exceeded. Integration with EventBridge enables automated operational workflows such as scaling resources, sending notifications, or executing remediation scripts. Historical CloudWatch data also supports trend analysis, capacity planning, and proactive optimization.

CloudFront, combined with S3, improves static content delivery via edge caching but does not provide latency-based routing, automated failover, or endpoint health monitoring. It is suitable for enhancing the performance of static assets, but cannot manage global traffic routing decisions.

Direct Connect and VPC Peering improve private connectivity between on-premises networks and AWS VPCs or between VPCs, but they do not provide global routing, failover, or real-time endpoint monitoring.

Lambda with DynamoDB offers serverless compute and storage but does not perform latency-based routing, monitor endpoint health, or provide automated failover.

The combination of Route 53 latency-based routing, health checks, and CloudWatch ensures that users are routed to the fastest healthy endpoints, endpoints are continuously monitored, and operations teams gain actionable insights. This fully managed solution provides low latency, high availability, and operational visibility, making it the correct choice.

Question 159

A company processes sensitive financial data using AWS Lambda functions. They want encryption for environment variables, prevention of unauthorized code changes, and a fully auditable compliance trail. Which AWS service combination meets these requirements?

A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS
B) Amazon S3 + Athena
C) CloudFront + WAF
D) QuickSight + CloudTrail

Answer: A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS

Explanation:

AWS Config provides continuous monitoring and evaluation of AWS resources against compliance rules. For Lambda functions that process sensitive financial transactions, Config ensures environment variables are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). If a Lambda function violates policy, Config flags it and logs detailed information, creating a complete audit trail. Continuous monitoring ensures that security policies and regulatory requirements are consistently enforced. Config retains historical records, enabling audits and verification of compliance, which is essential for financial applications under PCI DSS, SOC 2, or SOX regulations.

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) provides centralized key management and encryption. Lambda environment variables containing sensitive data can be encrypted using KMS-managed keys. KMS ensures that only authorized principals can decrypt these variables, maintaining confidentiality and integrity. Key usage events are logged in CloudTrail, providing an audit trail of decryption and access events. Automated key rotation reduces risk of compromise, ensuring the continuous protection of sensitive information.

Lambda itself enforces role-based access controls, preventing unauthorized code changes. By integrating Lambda with Config and KMS, organizations implement a multi-layered security strategy. Config monitors compliance, KMS enforces encryption, and Lambda roles restrict code access. Automated remediation workflows via EventBridge or Systems Manager can correct noncompliant functions, re-encrypt variables, or disable unauthorized changes. This proactive approach ensures operational security without manual intervention.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and analytics capabilities, but do not enforce encryption for Lambda environment variables, prevent unauthorized code modifications, or continuously monitor compliance.

CloudFront with WAF secures web applications and accelerates content delivery, but does not provide encryption enforcement, code integrity protection, or compliance auditing for Lambda functions.

QuickSight, combined with CloudTrail, enables visualization and auditing of AWS activity. CloudTrail logs API calls, and QuickSight creates dashboards, but this combination does not actively enforce encryption or prevent unauthorized code changes. It is primarily a post-event auditing solution.

Combining AWS Config, Lambda, and KMS ensures encryption of sensitive environment variables, integrity of Lambda code, and a fully auditable compliance trail. This integrated approach provides continuous monitoring, automated enforcement of security policies, and operational visibility. Multi-layered enforcement reduces risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and protects sensitive financial data, making it the correct solution.

Question 160

A company wants to automatically scale ECS services on Fargate based on CPU and memory usage while receiving real-time alerts for threshold breaches. Which AWS service combination should they implement?

A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling
B) AWS Config + Lambda
C) Amazon S3 + Athena
D) AWS Backup + SNS

Answer: A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling

Explanation:

Amazon CloudWatch is a comprehensive monitoring and observability service that provides real-time metrics, alarms, and dashboards for ECS services running on Fargate. CloudWatch collects CPU utilization, memory usage, task counts, and service health metrics, providing teams with a deep understanding of workload performance. Monitoring these metrics allows operations teams to detect performance bottlenecks, under-provisioned resources, or unexpected spikes in workload. CloudWatch alarms can trigger notifications when thresholds are breached. For instance, if CPU utilization remains above 80% for several minutes, CloudWatch can notify the operations team to scale resources. Dashboards allow visualization of both real-time and historical trends, aiding capacity planning and troubleshooting.

ECS Service Auto Scaling integrates with CloudWatch metrics to automatically adjust the number of running tasks based on CPU or memory usage. Scaling policies define the conditions for scaling out (adding tasks) or scaling in (removing tasks). When thresholds are exceeded, additional tasks are launched to maintain application performance. When usage drops below thresholds, tasks are terminated to optimize costs. This automation ensures that applications maintain high availability and responsiveness while minimizing operational overhead. By combining CloudWatch with Auto Scaling, organizations achieve real-time workload management, cost efficiency, and operational simplicity.

AWS Config and Lambda primarily handle resource configuration compliance and automated remediation. Config evaluates AWS resources against predefined rules, and Lambda can execute corrective actions for noncompliant resources. While useful for governance, this combination does not provide real-time monitoring or automatic scaling of ECS workloads.

Amazon S3 and Athena offer storage and query capabilities. ECS logs could be stored in S3 and analyzed with Athena, but this provides retrospective insights rather than real-time monitoring. It is effective for reporting, but cannot dynamically scale tasks in response to performance metrics.

AWS Backup with SNS provides backup and notification capabilities. Backup ensures resource recoverability, and SNS can send alerts regarding backup status. These services do not provide real-time ECS performance monitoring or trigger scaling actions.

Combining CloudWatch metrics with ECS Service Auto Scaling ensures visibility, automated scaling, and operational efficiency. CloudWatch monitors performance, triggers alerts, and feeds metrics to Auto Scaling, which adjusts task counts automatically. This integrated approach maintains application responsiveness, optimizes costs, and reduces manual intervention, making it the correct solution.

Question 161

A global web application must route users to the AWS region with the lowest latency, automatically fail over if a region is unhealthy, and provide real-time monitoring of endpoint performance. Which AWS service combination should be used?

A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch
B) CloudFront + S3
C) Direct Connect + VPC Peering
D) Lambda + DynamoDB

Answer: A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch

Explanation:

Amazon Route 53 provides latency-based routing to direct users to the AWS region with the lowest network latency. Multiple endpoints can be configured across regions, and Route 53 evaluates each request’s origin to determine the optimal routing destination. This reduces latency and improves application responsiveness for users worldwide. Latency-based routing dynamically adapts to network changes and user locations, enhancing the global user experience.

Health checks in Route 53 continuously monitor endpoint availability and performance. If an endpoint becomes unhealthy, Route 53 automatically routes traffic to a healthy endpoint. This automated failover mechanism ensures high availability and reduces downtime without manual intervention. Health checks can monitor HTTP/S responses, TCP connections, or custom application-level indicators, providing precise failover control. Automated failover is essential for applications that must maintain continuous availability.

CloudWatch provides real-time monitoring of endpoint metrics, including latency, error rates, request counts, and throughput. Dashboards allow operations teams to detect trends and anomalies quickly. Alarms notify teams when endpoints are unhealthy or when metrics exceed predefined thresholds. Integration with EventBridge enables automated operational workflows such as scaling resources, sending notifications, or executing remediation scripts. Historical CloudWatch data allows trend analysis, capacity planning, and proactive optimization.

CloudFront and S3 enhance static content delivery via edge caching but do not provide latency-based routing or automated failover for dynamic endpoints or APIs. These services improve static content performance but cannot manage global routing or endpoint health.

Direct Connect and VPC Peering enhance private network connectivity but do not provide latency-based routing, failover, or endpoint monitoring for global web applications.

Lambda and DynamoDB provide serverless compute and storage, but do not handle global traffic routing, endpoint health checks, or automated failover.

Combining Route 53 latency-based routing, health checks, and CloudWatch ensures that users are directed to the fastest healthy endpoints, endpoints are continuously monitored, and operations teams receive actionable insights. This fully managed solution provides low latency, high availability, and operational visibility, making it the correct choice.

Question 162

A company processes sensitive financial transactions using AWS Lambda functions. They require encryption for environment variables, prevention of unauthorized code changes, and a fully auditable compliance trail. Which AWS service combination meets these requirements?

A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS
B) Amazon S3 + Athena
C) CloudFront + WAF
D) QuickSight + CloudTrail

Answer: A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS

Explanation:

AWS Config provides continuous monitoring and evaluation of AWS resources against compliance rules. For Lambda functions processing sensitive financial data, Config ensures that environment variables are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). If a Lambda function is noncompliant, Config flags it and logs detailed information, providing a complete audit trail. Continuous monitoring ensures security policies and regulatory requirements are consistently enforced. Config retains historical configuration records, allowing retrospective audits and compliance verification, which is essential for financial applications governed by standards such as PCI DSS, SOC 2, or SOX.

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) provides centralized key management and encryption. Lambda environment variables containing sensitive financial data can be encrypted using KMS-managed keys. KMS ensures that only authorized principals can decrypt the data, maintaining confidentiality and integrity. Key usage events are logged in CloudTrail, providing a detailed audit trail of decryption events and access. Key rotation minimizes the risk of compromise and ensures continuous protection of sensitive information.

Lambda functions enforce role-based access controls to prevent unauthorized code changes. By integrating Lambda with Config and KMS, organizations implement a multi-layered security strategy. Config monitors compliance, KMS enforces encryption, and Lambda roles restrict code access. Automated remediation workflows using EventBridge or Systems Manager can correct noncompliant functions, re-encrypt variables, or disable unauthorized changes. This proactive approach ensures operational security without manual intervention.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and analytics capabilities, but do not enforce encryption for Lambda environment variables, prevent unauthorized code changes, or provide continuous compliance monitoring.

CloudFront with WAF secures web applications and accelerates content delivery, but does not provide encryption enforcement, code integrity protection, or auditing for Lambda functions.

QuickSight, combined with CloudTrail, provides visualization and auditing of AWS activity. While CloudTrail logs API calls and QuickSight can visualize trends, this combination does not proactively enforce encryption or prevent unauthorized code modifications. It primarily serves as a post-event auditing tool rather than a preventive compliance mechanism.

The combination of AWS Config, Lambda, and KMS ensures encryption of sensitive environment variables, integrity of Lambda code, and a fully auditable compliance trail. This integrated solution delivers continuous monitoring, automated policy enforcement, and operational visibility. Multi-layered enforcement reduces risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and protects sensitive financial transactions, making it the correct solution.

Question 163

A company wants to automatically scale ECS services on Fargate based on CPU and memory usage and receive real-time alerts when thresholds are exceeded. Which AWS service combination should they use?

A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling
B) AWS Config + Lambda
C) Amazon S3 + Athena
D) AWS Backup + SNS

Answer: A) CloudWatch metrics + ECS Service Auto Scaling

Explanation:

Amazon CloudWatch is a comprehensive monitoring service that provides real-time metrics, alarms, and dashboards for ECS services running on Fargate. CloudWatch collects metrics such as CPU utilization, memory consumption, running task counts, and overall service health. Monitoring these metrics allows operations teams to understand resource usage trends, detect potential bottlenecks, and ensure applications remain responsive. CloudWatch alarms can be configured to notify teams when performance thresholds are exceeded. For example, sustained CPU usage above 80% can trigger an alarm to alert the operations team that additional tasks may be required. Dashboards provide a consolidated view of performance trends, enabling proactive capacity planning, troubleshooting, and optimization of ECS workloads.

ECS Service Auto Scaling integrates with CloudWatch metrics to automatically adjust the number of running tasks based on observed resource utilization. Scaling policies define the conditions for scaling out (adding tasks) or scaling in (removing tasks). When metrics exceed thresholds, Auto Scaling launches additional tasks to maintain performance. Conversely, when usage drops below thresholds, tasks are terminated to optimize cost efficiency. This automation ensures applications maintain high availability and performance without manual intervention. Combining CloudWatch with Auto Scaling provides dynamic workload management, cost optimization, and operational efficiency.

AWS Config and Lambda primarily handle resource configuration compliance and automated remediation. Config monitors AWS resource settings against predefined rules, and Lambda can execute corrective actions for noncompliant resources. While useful for governance, this combination does not provide real-time performance monitoring or automated task scaling for ECS workloads.

Amazon S3 and Athena provide storage and analytics capabilities. ECS logs can be stored in S3 and queried using Athena, but this provides retrospective insights rather than real-time monitoring. This approach is useful for historical reporting, but cannot maintain application responsiveness dynamically.

AWS Backup with SNS focuses on backup and notification services. Backup ensures recoverability, and SNS sends alerts about backup events, but these services do not monitor ECS metrics or trigger scaling actions.

The combination of CloudWatch metrics with ECS Service Auto Scaling ensures visibility, automated scaling, and operational efficiency. CloudWatch monitors performance, triggers alarms, and informs Auto Scaling, which adjusts task counts automatically. This approach maintains application responsiveness, optimizes costs, and reduces operational overhead, making it the correct solution.

Question 164

A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch
B) CloudFront + S3
C) Direct Connect + VPC Peering
D) Lambda + DynamoDB

Answer: A) Route 53 latency-based routing + health checks + CloudWatch

Explanation:

Amazon Route 53 provides latency-based routing to direct user requests to the AWS region with the lowest network latency. Multiple endpoints can be configured across regions, and Route 53 evaluates the origin of each request to determine the fastest endpoint. This reduces latency and improves application responsiveness for global users. Latency-based routing dynamically adapts to changes in network conditions and user locations, enhancing the global user experience and ensuring consistent performance.

Health checks in Route 53 continuously monitor the availability and responsiveness of endpoints. If an endpoint fails or shows degraded performance, Route 53 automatically reroutes traffic to a healthy endpoint. This automated failover mechanism ensures high availability and reduces downtime without manual intervention. Health checks can monitor HTTP/S responses, TCP connections, or custom application-level indicators, providing granular control over failover behavior. Automated failover is essential for mission-critical applications that cannot tolerate outages.

CloudWatch complements Route 53 by providing real-time monitoring of endpoints, including latency, error rates, request counts, and throughput. Dashboards enable operations teams to visualize trends, detect anomalies, and troubleshoot issues proactively. Alarms notify teams when endpoints become unhealthy or when metrics exceed thresholds. Integration with EventBridge allows automated operational workflows, such as scaling resources, sending notifications, or triggering remediation scripts. Historical CloudWatch metrics support trend analysis, capacity planning, and performance optimization.

CloudFront with S3 improves static content delivery via edge caching but does not provide latency-based routing, automated failover, or endpoint health monitoring. While CloudFront enhances performance for static assets, it cannot manage global traffic routing for dynamic endpoints.

Direct Connect and VPC Peering improve private network connectivity between on-premises data centers and AWS VPCs or between VPCs. These services do not provide global routing, failover, or real-time endpoint monitoring.

Lambda combined with DynamoDB provides serverless compute and storage, but does not perform global traffic routing, health checks, or automated failover.

Combining Route 53 latency-based routing, health checks, and CloudWatch ensures that users are routed to the fastest healthy endpoints, endpoints are continuously monitored, and operations teams receive actionable insights. This fully managed solution ensures low latency, high availability, and operational visibility, making it the correct solution.

Question 165

A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS
B) Amazon S3 + Athena
C) CloudFront + WAF
D) QuickSight + CloudTrail

Answer: A) AWS Config + Lambda + KMS

Explanation:

AWS Config provides continuous assessment and monitoring of AWS resources against compliance rules. For Lambda functions processing sensitive financial data, Config ensures environment variables are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (KMS). If a Lambda function is noncompliant, Config flags it and logs detailed information, creating a comprehensive audit trail. Continuous monitoring ensures that organizational security policies and regulatory requirements are consistently enforced. Config maintains historical records, allowing for retrospective audits and verification of compliance. This is crucial for financial applications governed by PCI DSS, SOC 2, or SOX standards.

AWS Key Management Service (KMS) offers centralized key management and encryption capabilities. Lambda environment variables containing sensitive financial information can be encrypted using KMS-managed keys. KMS ensures that only authorized principals can decrypt these variables, preserving confidentiality and integrity. Key usage events are logged in CloudTrail, providing a detailed record of decryption events and access. Automated key rotation reduces the risk of key compromise and ensures continuous protection of sensitive data.

Lambda functions enforce role-based access controls to prevent unauthorized code changes. By integrating Lambda with Config and KMS, organizations implement a multi-layered security approach. Config monitors compliance, KMS enforces encryption, and Lambda roles restrict access to function code. Automated remediation workflows via EventBridge or Systems Manager can correct noncompliant functions, re-encrypt variables, or disable unauthorized changes. This proactive approach ensures operational security without manual intervention.

CloudFront with WAF secures web applications and accelerates content delivery, but does not enforce encryption, protect code integrity, or provide compliance auditing for Lambda functions.

QuickSight, combined with CloudTrail, enables visualization and auditing of AWS activity. While CloudTrail logs API calls and QuickSight provides dashboards, this combination does not actively enforce encryption or prevent unauthorized code modifications. It is primarily a post-event auditing solution rather than preventive compliance enforcement.

The combination of AWS Config, Lambda, and KMS ensures encryption of sensitive environment variables, integrity of Lambda code, and a fully auditable compliance trail. This integrated solution provides continuous monitoring, automated enforcement of security policies, and operational visibility. Multi-layered enforcement reduces risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and protects sensitive financial transactions, making it the correct solution.

Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer — Professional DOP-C02 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 11 Q151-165

Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer — Professional DOP-C02 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 11 Q151-165

Related posts: