Microsoft SC-401Administering Information Security in Microsoft 365 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 4 Q46-60
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Question 46:
You want to enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) only for users accessing Microsoft 365 from outside your corporate network. Which feature should you configure?
A) Conditional Access
B) Identity Protection
C) Privileged Identity Management
D) Data Loss Prevention
Answer: A
Explanation:
Conditional Access evaluates signals like user location, device compliance, application being accessed, and risk to enforce access policies in real time. By configuring a policy that applies MFA for users signing in from locations outside the corporate network, organizations can enforce strong authentication only when risk exposure is higher. The policy can be scoped to specific users, groups, or applications, making it flexible and scalable. Conditional Access policies integrate seamlessly with Azure AD and Microsoft 365 workloads, ensuring that MFA is applied consistently without affecting users in trusted internal locations.
Identity Protection in Azure AD detects risky sign-ins and assigns risk levels based on leaked credentials, unusual IPs, or atypical activity. While it can trigger automatic MFA in high-risk scenarios, it is primarily risk-based and not specifically location-targeted. Identity Protection may complement Conditional Access, but does not provide location-based enforcement on its own.
Privileged Identity Management manages elevated administrative roles, enforcing just-in-time access and approval workflows. While critical for security governance, it does not enforce MFA for general users or location-based policies. Its scope is limited to privileged accounts rather than general access.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) monitors content for sensitive information and enforces sharing restrictions, helping organizations prevent data leaks and maintain regulatory compliance. DLP policies can detect credit card numbers, social security numbers, personal health information, or confidential business documents and block or restrict sharing when such data is identified. While DLP is essential for protecting organizational data, it operates at the content layer and does not influence authentication requirements or enforce multifactor authentication (MFA). Its primary role is to control what users can do with data, such as preventing emails containing sensitive information from being sent externally or blocking downloads to unmanaged devices. DLP ensures that sensitive information remains protected regardless of user intentions, but it does not manage who can access resources or under what conditions access is permitted. This is a critical distinction because access control and content control serve complementary but fundamentally different purposes in a comprehensive security strategy.
Conditional Access, on the other hand, is designed specifically to manage how and when users can access organizational resources. It allows administrators to define granular policies that respond to a variety of risk signals and contextual factors, such as user location, device state, sign-in risk level, and network trust. For example, Conditional Access can enforce MFA only when a user attempts to sign in from an unfamiliar location, ensuring that high-risk access scenarios are secured without adding friction to normal internal sign-ins from trusted corporate networks. This approach helps maintain a balance between security and user productivity. Unlike Identity Protection, which primarily focuses on detecting risky behaviors and providing automated remediation for flagged accounts, Conditional Access enables administrators to proactively enforce security policies across all users based on defined conditions.
Similarly, Conditional Access differs from Privileged Identity Management (PIM), which is mainly targeted at managing just-in-time privileged access for administrators. PIM is critical for minimizing the exposure of high-level privileges, but it does not apply to standard users or provide the same flexibility for enforcing MFA across broader scenarios. Conditional Access, in contrast, can be applied universally to any user or group, ensuring that MFA and other security controls are consistently applied according to organizational risk profiles.
Unlike DLP, which is concerned with what users do with data, Conditional Access focuses on who can access data and under what circumstances. While DLP might block a file from being shared externally, Conditional Access ensures that only authenticated, compliant, and low-risk users can even reach the resource in the first place. This distinction highlights why Conditional Access is the appropriate solution for scenarios where location-based MFA enforcement is required, providing a proactive, context-aware layer of security that complements the reactive, content-focused protections offered by DLP.
Question 47:
You want to ensure that external sharing of sensitive documents triggers alerts to the compliance team. Which feature should you configure?
A) Data Loss Prevention
B) Sensitivity Labels
C) Retention Labels
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) monitors content across Microsoft 365 services such as SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Exchange. DLP policies can detect sensitive information using predefined types (PII, financial data, intellectual property) or custom rules. When a user attempts to share sensitive content externally, DLP can trigger alerts to compliance administrators, block sharing, or provide policy tips to educate users. Alerts are logged and can feed into reporting dashboards, ensuring proactive monitoring of potential data leaks. DLP integrates with Microsoft Purview, providing detailed insights into sharing activities and potential violations.
Sensitivity Labels classify content and apply protections like encryption or access restrictions. While they can prevent unauthorized access, labels alone do not trigger alerts when users attempt to share content externally. Labels focus on persistent protection rather than monitoring sharing activity.
Retention Labels enforce content preservation or deletion policies based on compliance requirements. While essential for governance, they do not monitor user behavior or alert administrators when sensitive content is shared externally. Retention Labels govern lifecycle management rather than sharing compliance.
Conditional Access is a critical tool in modern identity and security management, designed to control access to applications and resources based on contextual conditions such as user risk level, location, device compliance, or sign-in risk. By enforcing policies like requiring multifactor authentication (MFA) for high-risk sign-ins, blocking access from unmanaged devices, or restricting access to certain geographic locations, Conditional Access helps organizations reduce the likelihood of unauthorized access. Its primary function is to manage who can access organizational resources and under what circumstances, providing a dynamic, context-aware layer of security. However, while Conditional Access is essential for access governance, it does not monitor the actual content users interact with. It cannot detect when sensitive files are being shared externally, nor can it generate alerts or enforce policy actions on documents containing confidential information. Essentially, Conditional Access focuses on access control at the authentication level, not on content protection or compliance monitoring.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP), on the other hand, addresses exactly this gap by focusing on content-level security. DLP tools actively monitor documents, emails, and other data for sensitive information such as personally identifiable information (PII), financial records, health data, or intellectual property. When sensitive content is detected in scenarios such as external sharing, copying to removable media, or uploading to cloud services, DLP can trigger alerts to compliance or security teams, provide policy tips to users, or even block actions that violate established policies. This proactive monitoring ensures that sensitive information is protected not only from external threats but also from accidental or unauthorized internal sharing.
DLP differs significantly from other Microsoft information protection tools. For instance, Sensitivity Labels classify and protect content by applying encryption or access restrictions, but they do not automatically generate alerts when sharing violations occur. Retention Labels, meanwhile, focus on managing the lifecycle of data, ensuring it is retained or deleted according to regulatory requirements, but they do not monitor user sharing behavior in real time. Conditional Access, as mentioned, enforces authentication and access decisions but does not inspect content at all. DLP is unique because it provides a combination of monitoring, alerting, and enforcement specifically at the content level, giving organizations visibility into how sensitive data is being handled and the ability to prevent leaks before they occur.
Moreover, DLP policies can be tailored to different risk levels, departments, or regulatory requirements. For example, financial departments can have stricter policies for documents containing bank account or credit card information, while HR departments can monitor for personal employee data. By integrating DLP with compliance workflows, organizations can ensure that security incidents are quickly investigated and resolved. DLP is therefore the correct solution in scenarios where sensitive content must be actively monitored, alerts need to be generated, and unauthorized sharing must be prevented. Unlike Conditional Access, which governs access to resources, DLP directly manages the behavior and handling of sensitive content, making it indispensable for maintaining compliance, reducing insider risk, and protecting corporate information assets.
Question 48:
You need to ensure only authorized users can access financial reports stored in SharePoint, and the content must remain encrypted. Which feature should you implement?
A) Sensitivity Labels
B) Retention Labels
C) Conditional Access
D) Data Loss Prevention
Answer: A
Explanation:
Sensitivity Labels classify content based on sensitivity and apply protection mechanisms such as encryption, access restrictions, and usage limitations. By labeling financial reports, administrators can restrict access to authorized users, prevent unauthorized viewing, copying, or sharing, and ensure that encryption persists even if content is downloaded or shared internally. Sensitivity Labels integrate across SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Exchange, providing consistent protection across collaboration and communication platforms. They can be applied automatically using rules or manually by users, ensuring sensitive financial data is properly secured while allowing authorized collaboration.
Retention Labels enforce preservation or deletion policies for compliance, but they do not encrypt content or restrict access to specific users. Retention Labels manage content lifecycle rather than protecting access.
Conditional Access enforces access based on device compliance, location, or user risk. While it can block access to SharePoint for unauthorized or non-compliant devices, it does not encrypt the content itself or apply persistent protections. Access control alone cannot fully secure the document if users with access download or share it improperly.
Data Loss Prevention enforces policies to prevent inappropriate sharing of sensitive content. While DLP can block certain sharing actions, it does not encrypt content or apply persistent access restrictions. DLP is preventive but cannot ensure content protection independent of access.
Sensitivity Labels are the correct solution because they combine classification, encryption, and access restrictions, ensuring only authorized users can access sensitive financial reports. Unlike Retention Labels, they protect content; unlike Conditional Access, they provide persistent encryption; and unlike DLP, they secure the document itself regardless of sharing attempts.
Question 49:
You need to detect when users are attempting to download large volumes of sensitive data from OneDrive or SharePoint. Which feature should you configure?
A) Insider Risk Management
B) Data Loss Prevention
C) Retention Labels
D) Sensitivity Labels
Answer: A
Explanation:
Insider Risk Management proactively detects risky user behavior, including attempts to exfiltrate sensitive information from OneDrive or SharePoint. It uses behavioral analytics and machine learning to identify unusual patterns such as mass downloads, unauthorized sharing, or copying to personal drives. Alerts can be generated for compliance teams, and investigation cases can be created to track activity. This helps prevent potential insider threats before data is misused or leaked. Insider Risk Management integrates across Microsoft 365 workloads, providing comprehensive visibility and proactive monitoring for high-risk activities.
Data Loss Prevention monitors content for sensitive information and enforces rules to prevent sharing, but it is rule-based and primarily reactive. While DLP can block the sharing of sensitive files, it may not detect broader patterns of abnormal behavior or mass downloads effectively. DLP focuses on content policies rather than behavioral risk analytics.
Retention Labels preserve content for compliance purposes but do not monitor user behavior or detect risky activity. They ensure proper data lifecycle management but do not provide alerts for potential exfiltration attempts.
Sensitivity Labels classify content and enforce protection such as encryption or access restrictions. While they prevent unauthorized access or sharing, they do not monitor user behavior to detect mass downloads or other insider threats.
Insider Risk Management is the correct solution because it identifies patterns of risky behavior, monitors user activity, generates alerts, and supports investigations. Unlike DLP, it uses behavioral analytics rather than static rules; unlike Retention Labels, it is proactive rather than preserving content passively; and unlike Sensitivity Labels, it monitors user behavior rather than simply protecting content.
Question 50:
You want to require that privileged administrators provide justification before performing high-risk actions, and all actions should be logged for auditing. Which feature should you configure?
A) Privileged Access Management
B) Conditional Access
C) Identity Protection
D) Data Loss Prevention
Answer: A
Explanation:
Privileged Access Management (PAM) provides just-in-time access for administrative roles in Microsoft 365. It can require administrators to submit a justification before performing high-risk actions, such as deleting audit logs, modifying compliance settings, or changing privileged roles. PAM tracks all actions in audit logs, providing a detailed and auditable trail for compliance and regulatory review. By enforcing approval workflows and limiting standing privileges, PAM reduces the risk of accidental or malicious changes and ensures accountability for all privileged operations.
Conditional Access enforces authentication and access policies based on signals such as user location, device compliance, or risk. While important for access control, it does not require administrators to justify specific actions, nor does it log high-risk administrative activity in the same detailed way as PAM.
Identity Protection evaluates sign-in risk and user risk but does not provide granular control over privileged administrative actions. It focuses on detecting compromised accounts rather than enforcing approval workflows for sensitive administrative tasks.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is designed to monitor sensitive content and prevent policy violations, ensuring that organizational data is not inadvertently or intentionally exposed. DLP can detect sensitive information in documents, emails, or cloud-based files, and it can enforce policies such as blocking sharing, providing policy tips to users, or triggering alerts to compliance teams. While DLP is highly effective at content protection, it does not extend to controlling privileged administrative actions. It cannot require administrators to provide justification for performing high-risk operations, nor can it enforce time-bound access or log detailed actions for auditing purposes. In other words, DLP is primarily concerned with what data is being accessed or shared rather than how administrative users are operating within critical systems. Its content-focused design means that DLP is crucial for preventing data leaks, but it does not provide operational control or governance over privileged accounts.
Privileged Access Management (PAM) addresses this gap by providing a robust framework for managing high-risk administrative workflows. PAM solutions enforce just-in-time (JIT) access, granting administrative privileges only when they are needed and automatically revoking them afterward. This reduces the attack surface associated with standing administrative permissions and helps prevent misuse. In addition, PAM requires administrators to provide business justification before elevating privileges, ensuring accountability for sensitive operations. All privileged actions are logged and auditable, enabling compliance teams to review activity and detect potential security incidents. By providing these controls, PAM strengthens both operational security and regulatory compliance.
Unlike Conditional Access or Identity Protection, which focus on enforcing authentication policies, monitoring sign-in risk, or applying MFA to protect accounts, PAM specifically governs administrative workflows and operational control. It ensures that only authorized personnel can perform sensitive tasks and that all actions are traceable. Unlike DLP, which monitors content and sharing behaviors, PAM is focused on controlling the execution of high-risk operations, making it a critical complement to content-focused security tools. Together, DLP and PAM provide a layered approach: DLP protects sensitive information from exposure, while PAM protects administrative functions from misuse, insider threats, and operational errors.
In modern enterprise environments, combining DLP with PAM provides comprehensive protection, covering both data security and administrative governance. This ensures that sensitive content is safeguarded while high-risk operations are tightly controlled, documented, and accountable, ultimately strengthening the organization’s overall security posture.
Question 51:
You want to ensure that sensitive emails containing financial data cannot be forwarded or printed by recipients outside your organization. Which feature should you implement?
A) Sensitivity Labels
B) Retention Labels
C) Data Loss Prevention
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Sensitivity Labels in Microsoft 365 allow organizations to classify emails and apply protection settings based on sensitivity. By labeling financial emails as “Highly Confidential,” you can enforce encryption, restrict access to only authorized users, and prevent actions such as forwarding, printing, or copying content outside the organization. This protection is persistent, meaning it travels with the email even if the message is sent to an external recipient who is not authorized. Sensitivity Labels can be applied manually by users or automatically based on content, keywords, or sensitive information types, ensuring consistent enforcement. Integration with Exchange Online ensures that labeled emails maintain security policies across all endpoints, protecting financial data from unintentional or malicious exposure.
Retention Labels manage how long content is preserved or deleted. While they are important for compliance and governance, Retention Labels do not prevent recipients from forwarding or printing sensitive emails. Retention Labels govern lifecycle management rather than content access or protection.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) can block sending sensitive information to unauthorized recipients and generate alerts. However, DLP does not inherently prevent recipients from printing or forwarding the email once it has been delivered and encrypted appropriately. DLP is effective for monitoring and blocking policy violations, but cannot persist content-level restrictions like encryption and printing restrictions.
Conditional Access enforces policies based on device compliance, user location, or sign-in risk. While it controls access to Microsoft 365 applications, it does not secure the content of emails, nor does it prevent forwarding or printing once the email has been accessed. Conditional Access focuses on access decisions rather than content protection.
Sensitivity Labels are the correct solution because they combine classification, encryption, access restriction, and persistent protection. They prevent unauthorized users from forwarding or printing sensitive financial emails while still allowing internal collaboration. Unlike Retention Labels, they enforce protection rather than lifecycle management; unlike DLP, they persist with the content; and unlike Conditional Access, they protect the content itself rather than access points.
Question 52:
You need to block access to Microsoft 365 applications from devices that are not managed by Intune. Which feature should you configure?
A) Conditional Access
B) Data Loss Prevention
C) Sensitivity Labels
D) Retention Policies
Answer: A
Explanation:
Conditional Access enforces access policies based on user, device, location, application, and risk signals. By integrating with Intune, Conditional Access can check whether a device is enrolled and compliant with security policies before granting access to Microsoft 365 apps such as Exchange Online, SharePoint, OneDrive, and Teams. Policies can be configured to block non-managed or non-compliant devices, require MFA, or enforce session restrictions. This ensures that only trusted devices that meet organizational security standards can access corporate resources, protecting sensitive data from being accessed by unauthorized endpoints. Conditional Access is central to implementing a zero-trust approach in Microsoft 365.
Data Loss Prevention monitors content for sensitive information and prevents inappropriate sharing. While essential for data protection, DLP does not control device access or block non-managed devices from signing in. Its focus is content-level enforcement rather than endpoint access control.
Sensitivity Labels classify and protect files or emails using encryption and rights management. While they secure content, they do not enforce access policies based on device compliance. Labels control usage of content rather than access to Microsoft 365 applications.
Retention Policies are an essential part of information governance in modern organizations, designed to ensure that content is preserved or deleted according to regulatory, legal, or organizational requirements. These policies define how long documents, emails, and other data are retained, when they should be deleted, and in some cases, when they should be reviewed or archived. Retention Policies are critical for compliance purposes, helping organizations meet regulatory obligations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or industry-specific recordkeeping requirements. They also reduce storage overhead and mitigate risks associated with keeping unnecessary or outdated information. However, while Retention Policies are effective at managing the lifecycle of content, they do not provide real-time enforcement of access controls or monitor the security of devices used to access applications. They operate passively on content, ensuring that data is retained or removed according to policy, rather than actively controlling who can access resources or under what conditions.
Conditional Access fills this gap by providing a proactive mechanism to secure access to organizational resources based on contextual signals. For example, Conditional Access policies can ensure that only devices enrolled and compliant with Intune management can access Microsoft 365 applications. This prevents unmanaged or potentially insecure devices from connecting to corporate systems, mitigating the risk of data breaches or unauthorized access. Conditional Access can also enforce additional requirements, such as MFA, location restrictions, or session controls, providing granular control over access without impacting the content itself.
Unlike Data Loss Prevention (DLP), which focuses on monitoring and controlling content to prevent accidental or malicious data leaks, Conditional Access governs access at the device and user level, proactively preventing insecure access before sensitive data can be exposed. Unlike Sensitivity Labels, which classify and protect files through encryption or access restrictions, Conditional Access ensures that only trusted devices and authenticated users can reach applications in the first place. And unlike Retention Policies, which reactively manage the lifecycle of content, Conditional Access enforces security before a user can interact with applications, providing a proactive and dynamic layer of protection.
By integrating Conditional Access with device management and authentication policies, organizations gain a robust mechanism to protect corporate resources, ensuring that only compliant devices and authorized users can access critical applications, while retention policies continue to manage content governance over time. This combination creates a comprehensive security and compliance framework.
Question 53:
You need to identify all users who attempted to access SharePoint sites from unusual locations over the past 90 days. Which feature should you use?
A) Audit Log Search
B) Retention Labels
C) Data Loss Prevention
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Audit Log Search in Microsoft 365 provides detailed records of user and administrator activities across all workloads, including SharePoint, OneDrive, Exchange, Teams, and Azure AD. Administrators can query logs for specific events, such as sign-ins from unusual locations, IP addresses, or devices. By filtering for SharePoint activity within the past 90 days, you can identify users who accessed sites from unexpected locations, aiding in compliance, security investigations, and risk management. Audit Log Search captures information including the user identity, date and time, activity performed, and the device or IP address used, providing a comprehensive view of potential anomalies or suspicious activity.
Retention Labels preserve content for a defined period, ensuring compliance with regulatory or legal requirements. While they govern document lifecycle, they do not provide information about user activity, access locations, or sign-in patterns. Retention Labels focus on content preservation, not auditing user behavior.
Data Loss Prevention monitors sensitive information and enforces sharing policies. DLP can block or alert on inappropriate sharing, but does not track historical access from unusual locations or generate a log for auditing sign-ins. DLP focuses on preventing content exfiltration rather than auditing access activity.
Conditional Access enforces policies during authentication based on risk, location, or device compliance. While it can block or require MFA for logins from unusual locations, it does not provide a historical report of past access attempts. Conditional Access operates in real time and does not offer detailed auditing for investigation purposes.
Audit Log Search is the correct solution because it allows organizations to query and review historical user access data, identify unusual location sign-ins, and maintain compliance records. Unlike Retention Labels, it focuses on auditing rather than preservation; unlike DLP, it tracks access activity rather than enforcing content rules; and unlike Conditional Access, it provides historical insight rather than real-time enforcement.
Question 54:
You want to require users to provide a business justification before sending emails containing sensitive information to external recipients. Which feature should you implement?
A) Data Loss Prevention with Policy Tips
B) Sensitivity Labels
C) Conditional Access
D) Retention Labels
Answer: A
Explanation:
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) with Policy Tips provides real-time monitoring of emails and documents containing sensitive information. By configuring DLP policies, administrators can require users to provide a business justification before sending emails to external recipients. When a user attempts to send a message that violates the policy, a Policy Tip notifies them and prompts for justification, which can then be logged and reviewed by compliance administrators. Additionally, DLP can block the email, allow override with justification, or generate alerts for further investigation. This ensures sensitive information is protected without hindering legitimate business communication and provides accountability for outbound messages containing sensitive data.
Sensitivity Labels classify and protect content using encryption and access restrictions. While labels can prevent unauthorized access or copying of content, they do not enforce user-provided justifications before sending emails. Labels focus on content protection rather than workflow-based approval mechanisms.
Conditional Access governs access to Microsoft 365 applications based on device, location, or user risk. It does not analyze email content or enforce user justifications before sending sensitive messages. Its purpose is access control rather than data governance.
Retention Labels preserve or delete content according to organizational policies. They are not designed to manage or block email transmission, and they do not enforce business justification workflows. Retention focuses on content lifecycle management rather than compliance actions at the point of sharing.
DLP with Policy Tips is the correct solution because it enforces content-based compliance, requires business justification, provides user education, generates alerts, and logs activity for auditing. Unlike Sensitivity Labels, it enforces user interaction during sharing; unlike Conditional Access, it governs content rather than access; and unlike Retention Labels, it works proactively on outbound messages rather than preserving data.
Question 55:
You want to prevent users from sharing files labeled “Confidential” with external recipients, while still allowing internal collaboration. Which feature should you configure?
A) Sensitivity Labels with external sharing restrictions
B) Retention Labels
C) Data Loss Prevention without Policy Tips
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Sensitivity Labels allow organizations to classify and protect files based on sensitivity. When applied to files labeled “Confidential,” policies can enforce encryption, restrict access to authorized internal users, and prevent sharing with external recipients. This ensures that confidential content remains available for internal collaboration while being protected against accidental or malicious external sharing. Sensitivity Labels integrate with SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Exchange, maintaining persistent protection across services. Auto-labeling can detect sensitive content and apply appropriate labels automatically, ensuring consistent enforcement without relying solely on user judgment.
Retention Labels govern the preservation and deletion of content to comply with regulatory or organizational requirements. While important for compliance, Retention Labels do not restrict external sharing or enforce access controls. They manage the lifecycle rather than content security.
Data Loss Prevention without Policy Tips can block external sharing based on content rules, but lacks user education and guidance. It may enforce policies reactively, but without Policy Tips, it does not provide context or user awareness, which can lead to confusion or workarounds. DLP also does not provide persistent encryption like Sensitivity Labels.
Conditional Access controls access to applications based on device compliance, location, or risk. While it can prevent unauthorized access, it does not protect the files themselves from being shared externally. Conditional Access governs access to the service, not file-level sharing policies.
Sensitivity Labels with external sharing restrictions are the correct solution because they enforce persistent protection, prevent external sharing, and allow internal collaboration. Unlike Retention Labels, they focus on content security; unlike DLP without Policy Tips, they provide user guidance and persistent encryption; and unlike Conditional Access, they control file-level sharing rather than application access.
Question 56:
You want to detect when users are sending sensitive files to personal email accounts. Which Microsoft 365 feature should you configure?
A) Data Loss Prevention
B) Sensitivity Labels
C) Retention Labels
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) in Microsoft 365 is designed to detect, monitor, and prevent the sharing of sensitive information across emails, documents, and collaboration platforms. DLP policies can scan content for sensitive information types such as financial data, personally identifiable information (PII), or intellectual property. When users attempt to send files containing sensitive data to personal email accounts, DLP can trigger predefined actions like blocking the email, sending alerts to administrators, or displaying Policy Tips to educate users about the violation. It integrates with Exchange Online, SharePoint, OneDrive, and Teams, ensuring comprehensive monitoring across Microsoft 365 workloads. DLP provides both proactive enforcement and reporting, making it an essential tool for protecting organizational data.
Sensitivity Labels classify content and can encrypt it or restrict access to authorized users. While labels protect content, they do not monitor user activity in real time or block emails being sent to personal accounts. Labels rely on correct user application and do not automatically enforce policy for outbound messages.
Retention Labels enforce preservation or deletion schedules for content, but do not monitor or prevent data exfiltration. They are focused on compliance retention rather than controlling sharing behaviors or detecting sensitive file transfers.
Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance, location, or user risk. While it controls who can access Microsoft 365 applications, it does not inspect content or prevent the sharing of sensitive files. Conditional Access focuses on authentication rather than content protection.
Data Loss Prevention is the correct solution because it proactively scans content, enforces rules in real time, blocks unauthorized sharing, generates alerts, and provides compliance reporting. Unlike Sensitivity Labels, it acts on outbound messages; unlike Retention Labels, it focuses on sharing rather than retention; and unlike Conditional Access, it monitors content rather than access.
Question 57:
You want to require just-in-time access for privileged administrators and ensure all actions are logged for auditing. Which feature should you use?
A) Privileged Access Management
B) Conditional Access
C) Identity Protection
D) Data Loss Prevention
Answer: A
Explanation:
Privileged Access Management (PAM) provides just-in-time access for administrators in Microsoft 365. This means privileged roles are activated only when needed, and administrators must provide justification for performing high-risk actions. PAM ensures all privileged operations are logged, creating a detailed audit trail for compliance, security review, and regulatory reporting. By reducing standing privileges and enforcing workflow approvals, PAM minimizes the risk of accidental or malicious administrative actions. It integrates with Azure AD roles and provides notifications, alerts, and reporting for all administrative activities, making it ideal for governance and oversight.
Conditional Access enforces authentication policies based on risk, device, location, and other signals. While Conditional Access can enforce MFA and block high-risk sign-ins, it does not manage privileged role activation, require justification for specific actions, or log detailed privileged activity.
Identity Protection evaluates user and sign-in risk and can trigger actions like password resets or MFA. While useful for detecting compromised accounts, it does not enforce administrative workflow controls or log privileged actions in the same granular manner as PAM.
Data Loss Prevention enforces policies for protecting sensitive data. It does not manage privileged administrative workflows, nor does it provide auditing for high-risk administrator activities. DLP focuses on content rather than administrative access and actions.
Privileged Access Management is the correct solution because it provides just-in-time access, requires justification, logs all administrative actions, and supports auditing and compliance. Unlike Conditional Access or Identity Protection, it governs privileged workflows; unlike DLP, it focuses on administrator operations rather than content security.
Question 58:
You need to preserve Teams messages and emails related to a legal investigation, even if users attempt to delete them. Which feature should you implement?
A) eDiscovery Legal Hold
B) Retention Labels
C) Data Loss Prevention
D) Communication Compliance
Answer: A
Explanation:
eDiscovery Legal Hold in Microsoft 365 preserves content for legal investigations. When applied, it ensures that Teams messages, emails, SharePoint documents, and OneDrive files cannot be deleted or altered by users. Legal Hold preserves data while allowing compliance or legal teams to search, review, and export content for investigation purposes. It maintains a defensible audit trail, capturing who accessed or modified content and ensuring regulatory or legal obligations are met. This is critical for investigations where evidence integrity must be maintained. Legal Hold can target specific users, groups, or locations, making it precise and focused for investigative needs.
Retention Labels enforce content preservation or deletion based on timeframes. While they can retain content, they are not targeted for legal investigations and cannot selectively preserve content for a case. Retention Labels are general compliance tools rather than case-specific preservation mechanisms.
Data Loss Prevention monitors and prevents the sharing of sensitive information, but does not preserve content for legal investigations. DLP focuses on preventing leaks, not retaining content in an immutable manner for legal purposes.
Communication Compliance monitors internal communications for policy violations, harassment, or regulatory risks. While it can flag or review messages, it does not prevent deletion or preserve content for legal investigations. It is primarily a monitoring tool rather than a preservation tool.
eDiscovery Legal Hold is the correct solution because it preserves Teams messages and emails even if users attempt deletion, ensures content integrity, allows investigation workflows, and provides audit trails. Unlike Retention Labels, it is case-specific; unlike DLP, it focuses on preservation rather than prevention; and unlike Communication Compliance, it ensures content cannot be deleted or tampered with.
Question 59:
You want to enforce retention of emails for 7 years to comply with legal requirements, preventing users from deleting them. Which Microsoft 365 feature should you use?
A) Retention Labels
B) Sensitivity Labels
C) Data Loss Prevention
D) Conditional Access
Answer: A
Explanation:
Retention Labels in Microsoft 365 allow organizations to enforce retention periods on emails, documents, and other content. By applying a retention label with a 7-year preservation period, emails are retained and cannot be permanently deleted by users until the retention period expires. Retention Labels ensure compliance with regulatory, legal, or organizational requirements by providing a defensible preservation framework. They can be applied manually by users or automatically using policies, and administrators can configure the label to prevent deletion, enforce disposition review, or allow automatic deletion at the end of the retention period. This ensures that emails containing critical business or legal information are preserved securely and auditable for compliance purposes.
Sensitivity Labels classify and protect content using encryption or access restrictions. While they secure data, they do not enforce retention periods or prevent deletion for compliance purposes. Sensitivity Labels are focused on content protection rather than lifecycle management.
Data Loss Prevention prevents the sharing or exfiltration of sensitive information. DLP does not control retention periods or prevent users from deleting content. Its focus is on preventing data leaks rather than enforcing compliance retention.
Conditional Access enforces access based on device compliance, location, or risk signals. While it controls who can access Microsoft 365 apps, it does not manage retention or prevent deletion of content. Conditional Access focuses on access, not preservation.
Retention Labels are the correct solution because they enforce retention, prevent deletion for a defined period, and provide compliance and audit capabilities. Unlike Sensitivity Labels, they focus on retention rather than protection; unlike DLP, they preserve content rather than prevent sharing; and unlike Conditional Access, they control lifecycle rather than access.
Question 60:
You want to require approval before users can share documents containing sensitive intellectual property externally. Which Microsoft 365 feature should you configure?
A) Data Loss Prevention with Policy Tips
B) Sensitivity Labels
C) Conditional Access
D) Retention Labels
Answer: A
Explanation:
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) with Policy Tips provides content-aware monitoring and enforcement for Microsoft 365. By configuring a DLP policy for documents containing sensitive intellectual property, administrators can require users to provide justification or obtain approval before sharing externally. Policy Tips notify users of potential violations and prompt them to enter a business justification, which can be logged and reviewed. DLP policies can also block sharing until approval is provided, generate alerts for compliance teams, and maintain audit logs of all actions. This ensures that intellectual property is protected, reduces accidental leaks, and enables governance teams to monitor and control sensitive document sharing effectively.
Sensitivity Labels classify and encrypt content, restricting access to authorized users. While they prevent unauthorized access, labels do not enforce approval workflows for external sharing. Labels secure content, but cannot implement a process for reviewing or approving sharing attempts in real time.
Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance, location, or risk. While it can block access to applications or enforce MFA, it does not govern document-sharing workflows or require approval for sharing sensitive content.
Retention Labels manage content retention or deletion policies, but do not enforce approval workflows for sharing. They preserve content according to compliance rules but do not provide real-time sharing control or audit of approval processes.
Data Loss Prevention with Policy Tips is the correct solution because it enforces real-time sharing controls, requires user justification or approval, generates alerts, logs activity, and ensures sensitive intellectual property is protected. Unlike Sensitivity Labels, it governs user workflows; unlike Conditional Access, it focuses on content sharing rather than access; and unlike Retention Labels, it provides active sharing enforcement rather than lifecycle management.