Microsoft AZ-700 Designing and Implementing Microsoft Azure Networking Solutions Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 8 Q106-120
Visit here for our full Microsoft AZ-700 exam dumps and practice test questions.
Question 106:
You need to provide private, secure, and low-latency connectivity between multiple VNets across regions while avoiding exposure to the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Global VNet Peering enables VNets in different Azure regions to communicate privately using private IP addresses over the Microsoft backbone. This ensures low latency, high throughput, and avoids exposure to the public internet, making it ideal for enterprise workloads that require secure inter-VNet communication. It simplifies network management by eliminating the need for VPN tunnels, manual routing, or additional security configurations.
Option B, VPN Gateway, establishes encrypted tunnels over the public internet. Although secure, VPN connections can introduce variable latency, bandwidth limitations, and additional management complexity. VPN Gateway requires manual configuration of tunnels, BGP routes, and monitoring, which can increase operational overhead in large-scale deployments.
Option C, ExpressRoute, is primarily designed for private connections between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. While it provides high throughput and low latency, using it solely for inter-VNet communication introduces unnecessary cost and operational complexity. ExpressRoute is optimised for hybrid cloud scenarios, not intra-cloud VNet communication.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. They provide security but do not facilitate connectivity. NSGs are complementary to VNet Peering, adding granular traffic control once connectivity is established.
Deploying Global VNet Peering ensures enterprise-grade connectivity across regions with minimal administrative overhead. Traffic flows over the Microsoft backbone, providing predictable performance and secure communication. This service supports distributed applications, multi-region deployments, and interdependent services without additional networking infrastructure. Integration with NSGs provides layered security, ensuring both connectivity and access control. Global VNet Peering is a cornerstone of scalable, secure, and reliable Azure network design, enabling enterprises to meet latency, throughput, and compliance requirements while simplifying operational management. Global VNet Peering
Global VNet Peering is a critical feature in Azure that allows virtual networks (VNets) located in different Azure regions to communicate directly using private IP addresses. Unlike traditional methods that rely on VPN gateways or public internet-based connections, Global VNet Peering leverages the Microsoft backbone, providing highly reliable, low-latency, and high-throughput connectivity. This is particularly important for enterprises that operate multi-region applications, need real-time data synchronisation, or maintain distributed microservices architectures. By enabling direct inter-VNet traffic over the Microsoft network, Global VNet Peering ensures predictable performance and security without requiring additional networking appliances or complex configurations.
Global VNet Peering also supports transitive connectivity indirectly. While peering VNets cannot automatically route traffic to a third VNet, careful design using hub-and-spoke or transit architectures can ensure secure and efficient multi-region communication. The simplicity of management is a major advantage: administrators can establish peering with just a few clicks or a simple template, without configuring tunnels, routing tables, or gateways, significantly reducing operational overhead and the risk of misconfigurations.
VPN Gateway
VPN Gateway provides a different approach by establishing encrypted IPsec/IKE tunnels over the public internet. This enables secure connectivity between VNets, or between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. While VPN Gateway ensures data confidentiality and integrity during transit, it is subject to the inherent limitations of public internet traffic, including variable latency, bandwidth fluctuations, and potential packet loss. For multi-region VNet connectivity, relying solely on VPN Gateway can introduce complexity, as each VNet requires separate tunnel configuration, management of BGP routes, and ongoing monitoring for performance and availability. This can significantly increase administrative effort in large-scale environments.
Despite these limitations, VPN Gateway is highly suitable for hybrid scenarios where a secure link to an on-premises network is required or when global private backbone connectivity is not necessary. It can also be used as a backup solution in architectures where redundancy is a priority.
ExpressRoute
ExpressRoute offers a dedicated private connection between on-premises infrastructure and Azure, bypassing the public internet entirely. It delivers high throughput, low latency, and enterprise-grade SLA-backed reliability. However, ExpressRoute is primarily designed for hybrid cloud scenarios and not for connecting VNets across regions within Azure. Using it purely for inter-VNet communication introduces unnecessary cost and complexity because each ExpressRoute circuit is provisioned for on-premises connectivity rather than intra-cloud traffic. ExpressRoute excels in scenarios requiring predictable bandwidth for large-scale data transfers, disaster recovery replication, or compliance-heavy workloads that must avoid the public internet.
Network Security Groups (NSGs)
NSGs provide traffic filtering capabilities at the subnet or network interface level. They define inbound and outbound rules to allow or deny traffic based on source/destination IPs, ports, and protocols. While NSGs are essential for enforcing granular security policies, they do not facilitate connectivity between VNets. Instead, NSGs complement Global VNet Peering by controlling traffic flows once the underlying connectivity is established. Proper use of NSGs ensures zero-trust principles, prevents lateral movement of threats, and protects sensitive resources across peered networks.
Global VNet Peering delivers a seamless, high-performance, and low-latency solution for connecting VNets across regions. It eliminates the need for VPN tunnels or ExpressRoute circuits for intra-Azure connectivity, simplifying operational management and reducing costs. The integration with NSGs adds a layer of security without compromising performance. Enterprises benefit from predictable, private, and scalable network communication, which supports distributed workloads, multi-region redundancy, and modern cloud-native architectures. By choosing Global VNet Peering, organisations can ensure secure, reliable, and efficient connectivity across their Azure footprint while minimising administrative complexity and operational overhead.
Question 107:
You need to enforce centralised outbound traffic inspection and policy enforcement across multiple VNets while ensuring high availability and automatic scaling. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful, cloud-native firewall service that provides centralised security enforcement for outbound traffic across multiple VNets. It allows administrators to define application and network rules, integrate threat intelligence to detect malicious activity proactively, and log all traffic for auditing and compliance purposes. Azure Firewall automatically scales based on traffic demand and offers built-in high availability, ensuring continuous inspection and enforcement without manual intervention.
Option B, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. While essential for segmentation, NSGs lack centralised policy enforcement, threat intelligence integration, and automatic scaling. They are insufficient for enterprise-wide outbound traffic inspection.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, ensures availability and distributes traffic at layer 4 but does not inspect traffic, enforce policies, or provide threat detection. Its functionality is focused on availability, not security.
Option D, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 load balancing and WAF capabilities. While useful for HTTP/HTTPS traffic, it cannot inspect outbound traffic across multiple VNets or provide centralised policy enforcement for all protocols.
Deploying Azure Firewall centralises outbound traffic inspection and security policy enforcement, reducing operational complexity and ensuring consistent compliance across multiple VNets. Its threat intelligence integration allows proactive defence against cyber threats, while logging and monitoring enable operational visibility and auditing. Azure Firewall supports hub-and-spoke architectures, allowing centralised enforcement without deploying multiple firewalls. Its high availability and automatic scaling ensure uninterrupted enforcement during traffic spikes, making it ideal for enterprise deployments. This solution aligns with best practices for scalable, secure, and operationally efficient Azure network architectures. Centralisation simplifies policy management, minimises misconfiguration risk, and ensures robust protection for all workloads across the enterprise. Azure Firewall
Azure Firewall is a fully managed, cloud-native, stateful firewall solution that provides centralised control over network traffic across Azure environments. Unlike distributed or subnet-level security controls, Azure Firewall allows enterprises to implement consistent, organization-wide security policies that apply uniformly across multiple VNets. It supports both application-level and network-level filtering, enabling fine-grained control over outbound, inbound, and lateral traffic. By integrating with Microsoft’s threat intelligence feed, Azure Firewall can proactively identify and block traffic associated with known malicious domains, IP addresses, and other indicators of compromise. This proactive security capability ensures enterprises can respond to evolving threats without manual intervention, improving overall resilience.
Azure Firewall is highly scalable and can automatically adjust to meet changing traffic demands. Unlike traditional firewall appliances, which require manual resizing, patching, and high-availability configuration, Azure Firewall is fully managed and offers built-in redundancy and high availability. This ensures uninterrupted protection even during traffic surges or regional failures, making it suitable for mission-critical enterprise workloads. Enterprises benefit from reduced operational overhead and simplified architecture by consolidating firewall functionality into a single, centrally managed service rather than deploying multiple appliances across regions or VNets.
Comparison with NSGs
Network Security Groups (NSGs) provide essential traffic filtering at the subnet or network interface level. They allow administrators to define inbound and outbound rules based on source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols. While NSGs are crucial for segmentation and enforcing zero-trust principles, they lack centralised management, threat intelligence integration, and automatic scaling. NSGs operate locally on the network layer and cannot provide enterprise-wide visibility or inspection for multiple VNets simultaneously. Azure Firewall complements NSGs by delivering a centralised security enforcement mechanism while NSGs continue to handle granular subnet-level segmentation.
Comparison with Load Balancers and Application Gateways
Standard Load Balancers operate at layer 4 and are primarily designed to distribute network traffic across multiple servers to ensure availability and reliability. While essential for load distribution and high availability, they do not provide security inspection, traffic filtering, or threat detection. Application Gateway, on the other hand, operates at layer 7 and includes a Web Application Firewall (WAF) that protects web applications from common threats such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting. However, Application Gateway is limited to HTTP/HTTPS traffic and cannot enforce centralised outbound traffic policies for multiple VNets or inspect traffic at a network layer. Azure Firewall fills this gap by providing enterprise-grade inspection, centralised policy management, and multi-protocol support, covering scenarios beyond web traffic alone.
Centralized Security and Compliance
Centralization is a key advantage of Azure Firewall. Enterprises can implement a hub-and-spoke network topology, with Azure Firewall deployed in a hub VNet, ensuring all outbound traffic from spoke VNets passes through the firewall. This design simplifies policy management, reduces the likelihood of misconfiguration, and ensures consistent enforcement across the organization. Comprehensive logging, monitoring, and integration with Azure Monitor and Log Analytics enable auditing, compliance reporting, and operational visibility. Security teams can track traffic patterns, detect anomalies, and respond quickly to potential threats, enhancing overall security posture.
Operational Efficiency and Scalability
Azure Firewall’s fully managed nature reduces operational complexity, eliminating the need for patch management, manual scaling, or high-availability configuration. Automatic scaling ensures that traffic spikes do not compromise security enforcement, while built-in redundancy ensures resilience during failures. This combination of centralised policy management, threat intelligence integration, and operational efficiency makes Azure Firewall an ideal solution for enterprise-grade security. Organisations can secure multiple VNets, support hybrid and multi-region architectures, and maintain compliance with industry standards without deploying complex, distributed firewall infrastructures.
Deploying Azure Firewall provides enterprises with a robust, scalable, and centralised network security solution. It addresses gaps left by NSGs, Load Balancers, and Application Gateways by offering comprehensive traffic inspection, threat intelligence-driven protection, and simplified operational management. Azure Firewall is particularly effective in hub-and-spoke architectures, ensuring consistent policy enforcement across multiple VNets while maintaining high availability and scalability. By centralizing security controls, enterprises minimize risks, streamline compliance, and ensure a strong defensive posture against evolving cyber threats across the Azure environment.
Question 108:
You need to dynamically propagate routes between multiple VNets and integrate network virtual appliances for centralised traffic inspection while minimizing manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Route Server enables automatic route propagation between VNets, NVAs, and on-premises routers using BGP. This eliminates the need for manual route configuration, reduces operational errors, and ensures consistent routing across complex network architectures. By integrating NVAs, the Route Server allows centralised inspection and policy enforcement, ensuring compliance and security across all VNets. This automation is essential in large-scale, multi-VNet deployments where manual route management would be time-consuming and prone to errors.
Option B, VPN Gateway, provides encrypted connectivity and supports BGP for dynamic routing. However, it does not integrate directly with NVAs for centralised inspection across multiple VNets. VPN Gateway also requires manual route configuration, which increases administrative overhead.
Option C, ExpressRoute, offers private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure but does not automatically propagate routes between VNets or integrate with NVAs for centralised inspection. Manual configuration is required, which can complicate large-scale deployments.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. NSGs are critical for security segmentation, but do not provide dynamic routing or centralised inspection capabilities. They complement Route Server but cannot replace routing functionality.
Deploying Azure Route Server ensures automated, reliable, and scalable route propagation across VNets, integrating seamlessly with NVAs for centralised inspection. It reduces human error, simplifies operational management, and maintains high availability. Enterprises can monitor route propagation, detect anomalies, and maintain compliance more efficiently. Route Server supports hub-and-spoke architectures, hybrid connectivity, and multi-region deployments, aligning with best practices for secure and efficient enterprise network design. By combining dynamic routing with centralised inspection, organisations achieve both operational simplicity and security consistency, ensuring reliable communication and policy enforcement across distributed networks. Azure Route Server Overview
Azure Route Server is a fully managed service that simplifies and automates route management in Azure networks. Its primary purpose is to enable automatic route propagation between VNets, Network Virtual Appliances (NVAs), and on-premises routers using the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). In traditional network setups, administrators must manually configure routes on each device or VNet, which is time-consuming and prone to misconfiguration, especially in large-scale or multi-region deployments. Route Server eliminates this manual effort, ensuring that network routes are dynamically updated and consistently propagated across all connected networks.
The service is particularly valuable for enterprises with complex network topologies, including hub-and-spoke architectures, hybrid connectivity with on-premises networks, and multi-region Azure deployments. By automating routing, Azure Route Server minimises the risk of human error, which can lead to network outages, suboptimal routing paths, or security gaps. This reliability is crucial for business-critical applications that require predictable and consistent connectivity across distributed environments.
Question 109:
You need private, high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and multiple Azure VNets, with predictable performance and enterprise-grade reliability. Which service should you deploy?
A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
ExpressRoute provides dedicated, private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet to deliver predictable latency, high throughput, and enterprise-grade reliability. It supports multi-VNet connectivity via peering, enabling seamless hybrid and multi-region communication. ExpressRoute is critical for workloads that require consistent network performance, such as real-time analytics, financial transactions, or large-scale data transfers. It ensures that enterprise applications function reliably, with minimal latency and consistent throughput.
Option B, VPN Gateway, provides secure connectivity over the internet but is subject to variable latency, bandwidth limitations, and public internet reliability issues, making it unsuitable for enterprise-grade high-performance workloads.
Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to Azure VMs but does not offer high-throughput, low-latency connectivity for hybrid workloads. Bastion is focused on management access rather than mission-critical network performance.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules but do not provide connectivity, throughput guarantees, or predictable performance. They complement connectivity solutions by securing traffic, but cannot serve as transport mechanisms.
Deploying ExpressRoute ensures reliable, predictable, and high-performance connectivity for hybrid enterprise workloads. It supports multi-VNet and multi-region architectures, integrates with monitoring tools for performance tracking, and enables proactive capacity planning. By bypassing the public internet, ExpressRoute improves security, reliability, and consistency. It is aligned with enterprise best practices for hybrid cloud deployments, supporting disaster recovery, mission-critical applications, and large-scale enterprise operations. Organisations benefit from operational simplicity, predictable performance, and enhanced reliability, ensuring business-critical workloads function optimally across Azure environments.
Question 110:
You need to route global users to the closest available application endpoint to optimise performance, maintain high availability, and support disaster recovery. Which Azure service should you implement?
A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Traffic Manager is a global DNS-based traffic routing solution that directs users to the nearest or healthiest endpoint. It supports multiple routing methods, including performance-based, priority, weighted, and geographic routing. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes users if an endpoint fails, ensuring high availability, optimised performance, and minimal service disruption. This is critical for multi-region deployments, disaster recovery, and globally distributed applications that require low latency and reliable access.
Option B, Application Gateway, provides regional layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities. It cannot perform global routing, latency-based endpoint selection, or failover across multiple regions, limiting its applicability for global applications.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot perform global endpoint selection, health-based routing, or multi-region failover, making it unsuitable for global high-availability applications.
Option D, Azure Firewall, inspects and filters traffic for security purposes but does not provide global routing, endpoint selection, or disaster recovery capabilities. Its function is security enforcement, not global performance optimisation.
Deploying Azure Traffic Manager ensures users are routed to the nearest healthy endpoint, reducing latency and enhancing responsiveness. It supports high availability and disaster recovery by automatically rerouting traffic during regional outages. Integration with monitoring tools allows operational visibility into traffic patterns, endpoint health, and availability. Traffic Manager aligns with enterprise best practices for globally distributed applications, ensuring operational continuity, performance optimisation, and superior user experience in multi-region deployments. By providing intelligent traffic routing and health-based failover, Traffic Manager supports resilient, scalable, and efficient global application delivery strategies.
Question 111:
You need to connect multiple VNets across regions to enable secure communication for multi-tier applications without exposing traffic to the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Global VNet Peering enables direct, private communication between VNets across Azure regions using private IP addresses. Traffic flows entirely over the Microsoft backbone, which ensures high throughput, low latency, and security since it never traverses the public internet. This capability is essential for multi-tier applications where database, application, and web layers may reside in different VNets or regions. The simplicity of configuration compared to VPN Gateway or ExpressRoute minimises operational complexity while providing reliable, predictable performance.
Option B, VPN Gateway, allows encrypted connectivity over the public internet using IPsec tunnels. Although secure, it is subject to latency fluctuations, bandwidth limitations, and reliance on internet performance. VPN Gateway also requires complex configuration with BGP and tunnels when used for multiple VNets, increasing operational overhead and potential for misconfigurations.
Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity but is primarily intended for connecting on-premises environments to Azure rather than VNet-to-VNet communication. Using ExpressRoute for inter-VNet communication is overkill and increases cost unnecessarily, while the configuration is more complex.
Option D, NSGs, are designed to control network traffic through rules but do not provide connectivity between VNets. NSGs are complementary, providing granular access control over the traffic allowed once connectivity is established.
Deploying Global VNet Peering allows enterprises to maintain private, high-speed, reliable inter-VNet communication across regions, which is critical for multi-tier and distributed applications. The Microsoft backbone ensures predictable performance, while integration with Azure routing minimises manual configuration. Combined with NSGs for security, enterprises achieve both secure connectivity and granular traffic control. Global Peering supports enterprise-scale networking strategies, including disaster recovery, multi-region deployments, and centralised management, aligning with best practices for scalable, secure, and operationally efficient Azure network design. It reduces administrative overhead, provides low-latency communication, and supports mission-critical workloads across complex environments.
Question 112:
You need to enforce outbound security policies and perform centralised traffic inspection across multiple VNets with automatic scaling and high availability. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful firewall that provides centralised security enforcement for outbound traffic across multiple VNets. It allows administrators to define application and network-level rules, incorporate threat intelligence to block malicious activity, and log traffic for monitoring and auditing purposes. Azure Firewall supports automatic scaling to handle fluctuating traffic loads and is designed for high availability, ensuring continuous security enforcement even during regional failures or traffic spikes.
Option B, NSGs, control inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet or NIC level but do not provide centralised enforcement or advanced features such as threat intelligence or application-level inspection. While essential for segmentation, NSGs alone are insufficient for enterprise-scale outbound traffic inspection.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, distributes traffic to improve availability but does not inspect traffic or enforce security policies. Its primary function is to provide high availability and scale at layer 4, without security capabilities.
Option D, Application Gateway, offers layer 7 load balancing and WAF capabilities for web applications but cannot inspect all outbound traffic across multiple VNets. It is limited to HTTP/HTTPS traffic and cannot replace enterprise-wide outbound security enforcement.
Deploying Azure Firewall centralizes outbound traffic inspection and policy enforcement, reducing operational complexity and ensuring consistent security across multiple VNets. The firewall’s integration with threat intelligence allows proactive protection against known threats, while logging provides detailed insights for auditing and compliance. Azure Firewall supports hub-and-spoke architectures, enabling centralised inspection without deploying multiple appliances or complex configurations. Its high availability and automatic scaling guarantee uninterrupted enforcement during peak traffic periods, which is critical for enterprise environments with dynamic workloads. Centralized policy management ensures consistency, reduces misconfiguration risk, and maintains a robust security posture across the organization. Azure Firewall represents a best-practice approach to cloud network security, combining scalability, reliability, and operational efficiency.
Question 113:
You need to dynamically propagate routes between multiple VNets and integrate network virtual appliances to enable centralised traffic inspection with minimal manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Route Server automates route propagation across VNets, NVAs, and on-premises networks using BGP. This reduces the need for manual configuration, prevents misrouting errors, and ensures consistent network traffic flow across complex topologies. By integrating with NVAs, Route Server enables centralised inspection and policy enforcement, maintaining compliance and security standards across multiple VNets. This is crucial for enterprises with large-scale network architectures where manual routing would be operationally intensive and error-prone.
Option B, VPN Gateway, supports dynamic routing with BGP but does not integrate directly with NVAs for centralised traffic inspection. VPN Gateway also requires manual route configuration, which increases administrative overhead and the risk of configuration errors.
Option C, ExpressRoute, is designed for private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. While it supports BGP for route exchange, it does not automatically propagate routes between VNets or integrate with NVAs for centralised inspection, making manual configuration necessary.
Option D, NSGs, enforce rules at the subnet or NIC level and cannot handle dynamic routing or centralised inspection. NSGs complement Route Server by securing traffic but cannot replace its routing capabilities.
Deploying Azure Route Server ensures reliable, automated routing across multiple VNets while integrating seamlessly with NVAs for centralised inspection. This improves operational efficiency, reduces human error, and maintains high availability. Enterprises gain enhanced visibility into route propagation, can detect anomalies quickly, and maintain compliance more effectively. Route Server supports hybrid, hub-and-spoke, and multi-region architectures, ensuring that traffic routing and inspection are consistent and secure. By combining dynamic routing with centralised inspection, organizations achieve both operational simplicity and security consistency across distributed networks. This approach aligns with enterprise networking best practices, ensuring scalability, reliability, and robust policy enforcement.
Question 114:
You need private, high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and multiple Azure VNets, with enterprise-grade reliability and predictable performance. Which service should you deploy?
A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
ExpressRoute provides dedicated, private connectivity between on-premises environments and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet to deliver predictable performance, low latency, and high throughput. ExpressRoute enables multi-VNet and multi-region connectivity, making it ideal for hybrid enterprise environments requiring reliable communication and mission-critical application support. It ensures consistent performance for workloads that demand high reliability, such as financial applications, real-time analytics, and large-scale data processing.
Option B, VPN Gateway, uses the public internet for connectivity. While encrypted and secure, VPN connections can experience latency variability, bandwidth limitations, and depend on internet stability, making them unsuitable for high-performance enterprise workloads.
Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to VMs without public IPs. Bastion is focused on management access and does not provide high-throughput, low-latency connectivity for hybrid workloads.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules but do not provide connectivity or guarantee performance. NSGs complement connectivity solutions by securing traffic but cannot serve as a transport mechanism.
Deploying ExpressRoute ensures predictable, high-performance connectivity, allowing enterprises to run critical workloads reliably. ExpressRoute integrates with monitoring tools for proactive performance tracking, capacity planning, and troubleshooting. By bypassing the public internet, it enhances security and reliability while supporting disaster recovery, global hybrid deployments, and multi-VNet communication. This approach aligns with enterprise best practices for hybrid cloud networking, delivering operational simplicity, scalability, and enterprise-grade reliability. Organizations benefit from predictable performance, enhanced security, and reduced administrative overhead, ensuring business-critical applications function optimally across Azure environments.
Question 115:
You need to route global users to the nearest available application endpoint to optimize performance, maintain high availability, and ensure disaster recovery support. Which Azure service should you implement?
A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Traffic Manager is a global DNS-based routing service that directs users to the nearest or healthiest endpoint. It supports performance-based, priority, weighted, and geographic routing methods. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes traffic in case of failures, ensuring high availability,optimised performance, and disaster recovery readiness. This is critical for global applications where latency optimization and operational reliability are essential.
Option B, Application Gateway, provides regional layer 7 load balancing and WAF capabilities. It cannot perform global DNS-based routing, proximity-based routing, or failover across multiple regions.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot provide global routing, latency optimization, or health-based failover across regions, limiting its use for global high-availability applications.
Option D, Azure Firewall, inspects and filters traffic for security but does not route traffic globally or optimize latency. Its focus is security enforcement rather than performance or disaster recovery.
Deploying Azure Traffic Manager ensures that users are routed to the closest healthy endpoint, minimizing latency and maximizing responsiveness. It supports global high availability and disaster recovery by automatically rerouting traffic during regional outages. Integration with monitoring provides visibility into traffic distribution, endpoint health, and availability, facilitating proactive management. Traffic Manager aligns with enterprise best practices for global applications, ensuring operational continuity, superior user experience, and performance optimization across regions. It provides intelligent traffic routing, health monitoring, and failover capabilities critical for resilient, scalable, and globally distributed applications.
Question 116:
You need to enable secure, private, and low-latency communication between multiple VNets located in different Azure regions, ensuring that traffic does not traverse the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Global VNet Peering allows private communication between VNets in different Azure regions over Microsoft’s backbone. It ensures that all traffic is routed through private IP addresses without exposure to the public internet, providing low latency, high throughput, and predictable performance. Global VNet Peering is ideal for multi-tier applications distributed across regions, where secure and reliable connectivity is crucial for operational efficiency. Its configuration is straightforward compared to alternatives, eliminating the need for VPN tunnels, BGP configuration, or additional network appliances.
Option B, VPN Gateway, enables encrypted connections over the internet. While secure, VPN connections are subject to latency variability, limited throughput, and dependency on internet reliability. VPN Gateway requires manual configuration of tunnels and BGP routes for inter-VNet communication, which increases operational complexity and the potential for misconfigurations.
Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private, dedicated connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure. Using ExpressRoute solely for inter-VNet communication is cost-prohibitive and operationally unnecessary, as it isoptimised for hybrid cloud connectivity rather than intra-cloud VNet communication.
Option D, NSGs, control traffic at the subnet or NIC level. While critical for access control, NSGs do not provide connectivity and cannot replace VNet Peering. They complement peering by enforcing security policies over the established connections.
Deploying Global VNet Peering ensures reliable, private communication between regions, supporting distributed applications and interdependent services. Enterprises benefit from low-latency connectivity, predictable performance, and reduced operational overhead. Integration with NSGs allows layered security, enforcing granular traffic rules while maintaining seamless inter-VNet communication. Global VNet Peering supports hub-and-spoke architectures, disaster recovery, and multi-region deployments, adhering to enterprise networking best practices for scalability, security, and operational efficiency. It provides a foundation for mission-critical applications by ensuring consistent connectivity without compromising performance or security.
Question 117:
You need to enforce outbound security policies across multiple VNets with centralised traffic inspection, high availability, and automatic scaling. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful firewall service that provides centralised inspection and policy enforcement for outbound traffic across multiple VNets. It allows network and application rules to be defined, integrates threat intelligence to detect malicious activity, and logs all traffic for monitoring and compliance. Azure Firewall automatically scales to meet traffic demands and provides built-in high availability, ensuring continuous enforcement without manual intervention. Centralized deployment simplifies management and reduces administrative errors that could occur with distributed solutions like NSGs.
Option B, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level but lack centralised management, automatic scaling, and application-level filtering. NSGs are insufficient for enterprise-wide outbound traffic inspection on their own, especially for complex multi-VNet architectures.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, distributes traffic to improve availability at layer 4 but does not inspect traffic or enforce security policies. Its functionality is limited to high availability, not security enforcement.
Option D, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 load balancing and WAF capabilities for HTTP/HTTPS traffic. It cannot inspect all outbound traffic or enforce enterprise-wide policies across multiple VNets.
Deploying Azure Firewall ensures consistent, centralised enforcement of outbound traffic policies, reducing operational complexity and increasing security reliability. Threat intelligence integration allows proactive protection against known threats, while logging provides comprehensive visibility for auditing and compliance. Azure Firewall supports hub-and-spoke architectures, enabling centralised inspection without multiple appliances. High availability and automatic scaling guarantee uninterrupted enforcement even during traffic spikes or regional outages. Centralized policy management minimizes misconfigurations and enforces a consistent security posture across all VNets. This solution aligns with enterprise best practices, offering scalability, operational efficiency, and robust protection for cloud workloads. Azure Firewall enables secure, manageable, and resilient enterprise network security while integrating seamlessly with other Azure services for monitoring, alerting, and compliance reporting.
Question 118:
You need to dynamically propagate routes between multiple VNets and integrate network virtual appliances to enable centralised inspection with minimal manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?
A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Route Server automates route propagation between VNets, NVAs, and on-premises routers using BGP. This reduces the need for manual route configuration, prevents misrouting errors, and ensures consistent connectivity across complex network topologies. By integrating with NVAs, Route Server allows centralised inspection and policy enforcement, maintaining security and compliance across multiple VNets. This capability is essential for enterprises with large-scale networks where manual routing would be operationally intensive and prone to errors.
Option B, VPN Gateway, supports BGP for dynamic routing but does not integrate directly with NVAs for centralised inspection. VPN Gateway requires manual route configuration when used in multi-VNet topologies, increasing administrative complexity and potential for misconfiguration.
Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure, but does not automatically propagate routes between VNets or integrate with NVAs for centralised inspection. Manual configuration is necessary, making it less efficient for large-scale network environments.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. NSGs complement Route Server by providing granular access control but cannot handle dynamic routing or centralised inspection.
Deploying Azure Route Server ensures automated, reliable, and scalable route propagation, integrating seamlessly with NVAs for centralised inspection. This improves operational efficiency, reduces human error, and maintains high availability. Enterprises gain enhanced visibility into route propagation, can detect anomalies, and maintain compliance more effectively. Route Server supports hub-and-spoke architectures, hybrid connectivity, and multi-region deployments, ensuring traffic routing and inspection are consistent and secure. By combining dynamic routing with centralised inspection, organizations achieve operational simplicity, security consistency, and reliable communication across distributed networks. Route Server aligns with enterprise networking best practices, supporting scalability, reliability, and robust policy enforcement.
Question 119:
You need a high-throughput, low-latency organisation between on-premises networks and multiple Azure VNets, with predictable performance and enterprise-grade reliability. Which service should you deploy?
A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs
Answer:
A
Explanation:
ExpressRoute provides dedicated, private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet. This delivers predictable performance, low latency, and high throughput, making it ideal for enterprise workloads that require consistent and reliable network performance. ExpressRoute supports multi-VNet and multi-region connectivity, enabling hybrid cloud deployments and facilitating mission-critical applications such as financial systems, analytics platforms, and large-scale data processing.
Option B, VPN Gateway, establishes encrypted connectivity over the public internet. While secure, VPN Gateway is subject to latency variability, bandwidth constraints, and internet reliability, making it unsuitable for high-performance enterprise workloads.
Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to VMs without public IPs. It does not provide high-throughput or low-latency connectivity for hybrid workloads. Bastion is focused on secure management access rather than enterprise network performance.
Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules but do not provide connectivity or guarantee throughput and latency. They complement connectivity solutions by securing traffic, but cannot replace transport mechanisms.
Deploying ExpressRoute ensures reliable, high-performance connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. It supports hybrid and multi-region architectures, integrates with monitoring tools for proactive performance tracking, and enables capacity planning. By bypassing the public internet, ExpressRoute enhances security, reliability, and consistency. It supports disaster recovery, multi-VNet communication, and enterprise-grade workloads, aligning with best practices for hybrid cloud networking. Organizations benefit from predictable performance, operational simplicity, and enhanced reliability, ensuring business-critical workloads function optimally in Azure.
Question 120:
You need to route global users to the nearest available application endpoint to optimize performance, maintain high availabOrganisationsovide disaster recovery support. Which Azure service should you implement?
A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Azure Traffic Manager is a global DNS-based traffic routing that directs users to the nearest or healthiest application endpoint. It supports multiple routing methods, including performance-based, priority, weighted, and geographic routing. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes traffic in case of failures, ensuring high availability, optimised performance, and disaster recovery support. This service is critical for globally distributed applications that require minimal latency and uninterrupted access.
Option B, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 regional load balancing with WAF capabilities but cannot perform global DNS-based routing, health-based failover, or latency optimization across multiple regions.
Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot perform global endpoint routing, health-based failover, or latency-based routing.
Option D, Azure Fir,ewall, inspects and filters traffic for security purposes but does not provide optimisation or disaster recovery capabilities. Its primary function is security enforcement rather than performance optimization or availability.
Deploying Azure Traffic Manager ensures that users are routed to the closest healthy endpoint, minimizing latency and maximizing responsiveness. It enhances global application availability and disaster recovery by automatically rerouting traffic during regional outages. Monitooptimisation provides visibility into traffic patterns, endpoint health, and user experience, enabling proactive managememinimisingc Manager enterprise best practices for globally distributed applications, ensuring operational continuity, high performance, and robust disaster recovery. It supports intelligent traffic routing, health monitoring, and automatic failover, making it an essential component for resilient, scalable, and globally distributed enterprise applications.