Microsoft SC-200 Microsoft Security Operations Analyst Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 9 Q121-135

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Question 121 :

Your organization wants to detect insider threats and abnormal user activity across cloud applications and enforce policies to prevent data leaks. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Microsoft Cloud App Security
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Explanation:

Microsoft Cloud App Security (MCAS) is a cloud access security broker (CASB) that provides visibility and control over cloud applications, enabling organizations to detect insider threats, anomalous behaviors, and potential data exfiltration. Insider threats represent a significant risk, as employees or contractors with legitimate access may intentionally or inadvertently compromise sensitive information. MCAS addresses these risks through real-time monitoring, behavioral analytics, and policy enforcement.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: While MDE secures endpoints from malware and ransomware, it does not monitor user behavior across cloud applications or enforce data protection policies in the cloud. Endpoint protection alone cannot mitigate insider threats originating from cloud access.

Option B – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS provides discovery and classification of all cloud applications in use, identifying sanctioned and unsanctioned apps. It applies session-level policies to prevent high-risk behaviors, such as bulk downloads, unauthorized file sharing, and uploading sensitive data to unsanctioned apps. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies in user activity, including unusual login patterns, abnormal file access, or suspicious collaboration events, which may indicate insider threats or compromised accounts. Integration with Microsoft Information Protection enables automatic classification and labeling of sensitive data to ensure compliance with regulatory and organizational policies. Dashboards and alerts provide actionable insights, enabling security teams to respond promptly and refine policies continuously.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection evaluates authentication and sign-in risks but does not monitor cloud application activity or enforce insider threat policies.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates logs, correlates events, and provides a platform for incident investigation, but it does not directly enforce cloud application security or prevent data exfiltration without MCAS integration.

Implementation steps:

Discover all cloud applications and assess their risk profile.

Apply session-level policies to control high-risk behaviors and enforce compliance.

Integrate with Microsoft Information Protection to classify and protect sensitive data.

Monitor alerts, dashboards, and user activity to detect anomalies.

Regularly review and refine policies to maintain a proactive security posture.

Deploying MCAS enables organizations to monitor cloud activity, detect insider threats, and enforce controls that prevent data leaks, ensuring both operational security and regulatory compliance. Microsoft Cloud App Security (MCAS) is a sophisticated cloud access security broker (CASB) that provides organizations with a comprehensive approach to monitoring, managing, and securing cloud applications. With the rapid adoption of cloud services across enterprises, the risk landscape has evolved beyond traditional network and endpoint threats. Insider threats, data exfiltration, and unauthorized cloud access have emerged as significant security challenges. MCAS is specifically designed to address these challenges by providing visibility, control, and intelligent threat detection capabilities for cloud environments.

One of the key strengths of MCAS is its ability to provide complete visibility into all cloud applications in use within an organization. Many organizations operate in a complex ecosystem of sanctioned and unsanctioned cloud applications, often referred to as “shadow IT.” Employees may use personal or unapproved applications for collaboration, file sharing, or storage without IT approval, creating potential security gaps. MCAS continuously discovers these applications, classifies them based on risk, and identifies high-risk behaviors or non-compliant usage. This allows security teams to understand the full cloud footprint, enforce policies, and reduce exposure to unauthorized access or potential data breaches.

MCAS also offers robust behavioral analytics to detect anomalies in user activity that may indicate insider threats or compromised accounts. For example, the system can identify unusual login patterns, such as logins from unfamiliar locations or devices, spikes in data downloads, mass deletion of files, or abnormal sharing activities. These insights are crucial because insider threats often involve legitimate access, making traditional security controls less effective. By detecting deviations from normal behavior, MCAS enables proactive intervention before sensitive data is exfiltrated or compromised.

Data protection is another core capability of MCAS. It allows organizations to define policies for sensitive data, preventing actions such as uploading confidential files to unauthorized cloud storage or sharing sensitive information outside the organization. Integration with Microsoft Information Protection enhances this functionality by automatically classifying and labeling sensitive content. For instance, files containing personally identifiable information (PII), financial records, or intellectual property can be automatically tagged and monitored. This ensures compliance with regulatory frameworks such as GDPR, HIPAA, and industry-specific standards while minimizing human error in handling sensitive information.

Session-level controls in MCAS further strengthen its security posture. These controls provide real-time enforcement of policies during user sessions. For example, if an employee attempts to download a large volume of sensitive files from a cloud application, MCAS can automatically block or restrict the action, alert administrators, and log the activity for auditing purposes. This proactive approach ensures that risky behaviors are addressed immediately, reducing the potential impact of insider threats or accidental data leaks.

Another important dimension of MCAS is its integration with other Microsoft security solutions, creating a holistic security ecosystem. By connecting with Azure AD, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, and Microsoft Information Protection, MCAS can correlate user identities, endpoint health, and data sensitivity to provide context-aware risk assessments. For example, if an employee’s account exhibits suspicious login behavior while using an unsanctioned cloud application, MCAS can trigger alerts, enforce additional authentication steps, or temporarily block access. This integration ensures that security responses are not isolated but informed by multiple signals, enhancing overall protection.

MCAS also provides actionable insights through dashboards, reports, and alerts. Security teams gain a clear understanding of trends, high-risk users, and potential vulnerabilities across the cloud environment. These insights support informed decision-making, enabling organizations to fine-tune policies, conduct targeted investigations, and implement continuous improvements in cloud security posture. By combining visibility, control, and analytics, MCAS reduces the likelihood of insider threats and helps organizations maintain operational integrity.

In contrast, other Microsoft security solutions address complementary but distinct needs. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint focuses on endpoint protection, defending devices against malware, ransomware, and advanced threats. While crucial, it does not monitor cloud application activity or enforce policies for data stored or shared in cloud environments. Azure AD Identity Protection primarily evaluates authentication and sign-in risks, providing alerts for compromised accounts or risky logins. However, it cannot track and control user actions within cloud applications. Microsoft Sentinel is a powerful Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) platform that aggregates logs, correlates events, and supports incident response workflows. While Sentinel is essential for broader threat intelligence and investigation, it cannot enforce real-time policies to prevent data exfiltration in cloud apps without integration with MCAS.

Overall, Microsoft Cloud App Security is uniquely positioned to mitigate risks associated with insider threats, anomalous behaviors, and potential data exfiltration in cloud environments. Its combination of discovery, behavioral analytics, policy enforcement, session controls, and seamless integration with other security tools enables organizations to proactively protect sensitive data while maintaining productivity and compliance. By continuously monitoring user activity and applying intelligent controls, MCAS ensures that the cloud remains a secure and trusted environment for enterprise operations.

Question 122 :

Your organization wants to detect risky sign-ins, compromised accounts, and enforce multi-factor authentication or block access automatically based on risk levels. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Azure AD Identity Protection
C) Microsoft Cloud App Security
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation:

Azure AD Identity Protection focuses on managing identity risks by detecting compromised accounts and risky sign-ins. Identity-based attacks remain one of the most common vectors for security breaches, making automated detection and mitigation critical for organizational security. Identity Protection leverages machine learning, behavioral analytics, and global threat intelligence to identify anomalies in sign-in behavior and assess user risk.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: Defender for Endpoint protects devices from malware and ransomware, but does not analyze sign-ins or enforce adaptive access policies.

Option B – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection assigns risk scores to both users and sign-ins based on suspicious activity, including logins from unfamiliar IP addresses, impossible travel scenarios, and anonymous network sources. Organizations can configure Conditional Access policies to enforce multi-factor authentication for medium-risk users or block high-risk users until verified. Dashboards provide administrators with actionable insights for prioritizing investigations, reviewing risk trends, and refining policies. This automated approach reduces manual intervention, improves security posture, and helps maintain compliance with regulatory requirements.

Option C – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud application usage and enforces session-level policies but does not independently evaluate sign-in risk or enforce adaptive authentication.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates security data and enables analytics and incident response, but requires integration with Identity Protection to evaluate sign-in risk and enforce Conditional Access policies.

Implementation steps:

Enable user and sign-in risk detection within Identity Protection.

Configure Conditional Access policies to respond automatically to varying risk levels.

Require MFA for medium-risk sign-ins and block access for high-risk users until remediation.

Monitor dashboards for risk trends and investigate high-priority incidents.

Continuously update risk policies to adapt to emerging threats and changes in user behavior.

Azure AD Identity Protection provides automated, real-time detection and response for identity risks, helping organizations reduce account compromise and maintain robust identity security. Azure AD Identity Protection is a key component of Microsoft’s security ecosystem that is designed specifically to address the growing threat landscape around identity-based attacks. In modern enterprises, identities have become a primary attack vector. Cybercriminals increasingly target user credentials because compromised accounts can bypass traditional perimeter defenses and provide direct access to sensitive systems and data. Identity Protection is purpose-built to detect, analyze, and respond to these risks, ensuring that organizations can secure their environments while maintaining operational continuity.

At its core, Identity Protection leverages advanced machine learning, behavioral analytics, and global threat intelligence to identify suspicious activity related to users and their sign-ins. Unlike traditional security tools that may focus solely on device or network threats, Identity Protection examines patterns of behavior, including anomalous login activity, the use of unfamiliar IP addresses, impossible travel between locations in a short period, and access attempts from anonymized networks such as Tor or VPN endpoints. By evaluating these signals, Identity Protection can assign risk scores to both users and specific sign-in events, enabling organizations to prioritize remediation and respond quickly to potential threats.

The risk scoring framework of Identity Protection is dynamic, providing a continuous assessment of user behavior and environmental context. Users may accumulate risk points based on multiple indicators of compromise or suspicious activity. For example, repeated failed login attempts followed by a successful login from a foreign country would increase the user’s risk score. Similarly, sign-ins that deviate from the user’s normal patterns, such as logging in at unusual hours or from devices not previously registered, contribute to an elevated risk assessment. This scoring system enables organizations to implement targeted responses rather than applying uniform restrictions, balancing security and productivity.

Conditional Access policies are a critical mechanism through which Identity Protection mitigates risk. These policies allow administrators to define automated responses based on the level of detected risk. Medium-risk users can be required to perform additional authentication steps, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA), before gaining access to corporate resources. High-risk users, whose accounts are likely compromised, can be temporarily blocked until remediation steps are completed. This approach ensures that access control is adaptive and responsive, reducing the likelihood of account compromise while minimizing disruptions for legitimate users.

Identity Protection also provides organizations with comprehensive visibility into their risk landscape through rich dashboards and reporting capabilities. Administrators can monitor trends in user and sign-in risk, identify recurring threat patterns, and prioritize investigation of high-risk incidents. Detailed logs and analytics allow security teams to review which users have been flagged, the nature of the suspicious activity, and the actions taken in response. This level of insight is invaluable for both operational decision-making and regulatory compliance, as organizations can demonstrate active monitoring and risk management practices.

Automation is a central strength of Identity Protection. Traditional security processes often rely heavily on manual investigation and intervention, which can delay response times and increase exposure. Identity Protection automates key aspects of detection and mitigation, enabling real-time action when anomalies are identified. This includes automatically triggering Conditional Access policies, initiating MFA challenges, blocking access for high-risk accounts, and generating alerts for security teams. By reducing reliance on manual processes, Identity Protection enhances both efficiency and effectiveness in safeguarding user identities.

Integration with other Microsoft security solutions further amplifies the impact of Identity Protection. For instance, insights from Identity Protection can be combined with Microsoft Cloud App Security to correlate user behavior across cloud applications, providing a more holistic view of potential risks. Similarly, integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows organizations to incorporate identity risk data into broader security analytics and incident response workflows. This interoperability ensures that identity security is not siloed but is an integral part of a comprehensive, enterprise-wide security strategy.

The implementation of Identity Protection involves several key steps that align with security best practices. First, organizations must enable user and sign-in risk detection within the platform to ensure that anomalous behaviors are continuously monitored. Conditional Access policies are then configured to respond automatically to different levels of detected risk, including enforcing MFA for medium-risk scenarios and blocking high-risk accounts until remediation. Security teams should actively monitor dashboards to identify emerging risk trends, investigate high-priority incidents, and adjust policies to accommodate new threats or changes in user behavior. Regular review and tuning of these policies ensures that the system remains effective over time.

Question 123 :

Your organization wants to proactively protect endpoints against malware, ransomware, and advanced persistent threats while enabling automated investigation and remediation. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Azure AD Identity Protection

Answer: C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Explanation:

Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) is an enterprise-grade platform for endpoint security, offering advanced protection against malware, ransomware, and advanced persistent threats (APTs). With increasing threat sophistication, organizations need solutions capable of real-time threat detection, automated investigation, and remediation to reduce operational impact and strengthen security posture.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS secures cloud applications and prevents data exfiltration but does not offer endpoint threat detection or remediation.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel provides SIEM and SOAR capabilities, aggregating logs and orchestrating incident responses, but cannot independently prevent or remediate malware or ransomware on endpoints without integration with MDE.

Option C – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE collects telemetry from endpoints, including process execution, network activity, registry changes, and file operations. Its Automated Investigation and Remediation (AIR) engine investigates alerts, isolates compromised devices, terminates malicious processes, quarantines suspicious files, and restores system configurations. Advanced hunting capabilities enable proactive identification of threats, and integration with Sentinel ensures enterprise-wide incident visibility and orchestration. Automation reduces operational burden and enhances efficiency in mitigating threats.

Option D – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection monitors identity risks but does not protect endpoints from malware or ransomware attacks.

Implementation steps:

Onboard all endpoints to MDE for continuous monitoring.

Enable the AIR engine to automate alert investigation and remediation.

Conduct proactive advanced hunting to detect suspicious behaviors.

Integrate telemetry with Sentinel for centralized monitoring and response orchestration.

Regularly review and refine policies to optimize detection and remediation.

Deploying MDE provides proactive endpoint protection, automated response to threats, and reduced operational impact from ransomware and malware, maintaining enterprise security resilience.

Question 124 :

Your organization wants centralized monitoring, threat hunting, and automated incident response across endpoints, cloud applications, and identities. Which solution should be implemented?

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: B) Microsoft Sentinel

Explanation:

Microsoft Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR platform that provides centralized monitoring, threat hunting, analytics, and automated response across multiple domains. Threats in modern enterprises span endpoints, cloud applications, and user identities, requiring a unified platform to correlate events and enable rapid incident response.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud application activity and enforces session-level policies but does not provide enterprise-wide SIEM or automated orchestration capabilities.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates telemetry from endpoints, cloud applications, and identity sources. Analytics rules detect anomalies, correlate events, and generate actionable alerts. Threat hunting using Kusto Query Language (KQL) enables proactive identification of hidden threats. Automated playbooks orchestrate rapid responses such as isolating devices, disabling accounts, or notifying security teams. Dashboards provide operational visibility and compliance insights. Sentinel’s centralized monitoring improves detection, investigation, and response efficiency, enhancing security posture across all domains.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection monitors identity risks but cannot provide centralized incident response or threat hunting across endpoints and cloud applications.

Option D – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE secures endpoints but does not independently provide enterprise-wide SIEM or orchestration without Sentinel integration.

Implementation steps:

Connect all telemetry sources, including endpoints, cloud apps, and identities, to Sentinel.

Configure analytics rules for anomaly detection and correlation.

Build dashboards for operational monitoring and compliance reporting.

Develop automated playbooks for rapid incident response.

Conduct proactive threat hunting to detect emerging threats and refine security posture.

Sentinel provides a unified platform for enterprise-wide threat detection, investigation, and automated response, improving security operations and operational resilience.

Question 125 :

Your organization wants to prevent ransomware and malware on endpoints by restricting the execution of high-risk scripts, macros, and untrusted executables. Which solution and feature should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Defender Antivirus
B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Answer: B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules

Explanation:

Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules within Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) proactively block behaviors that can lead to ransomware or malware infections. ASR rules focus on reducing the attack surface by controlling the execution of high-risk scripts, macros, and untrusted executable files, complementing traditional signature-based antivirus defenses.

Option A – Microsoft Defender Antivirus: Traditional antivirus provides reactive, signature-based protection and is less effective against zero-day attacks and behavior-based threats.

Option B – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with ASR rules: ASR rules prevent execution of macros from email attachments, scripts from temporary directories, and untrusted executables. Integration with MDE provides telemetry, alerts, and automated remediation. ASR rules reduce ransomware propagation, minimize malware impact, and improve operational efficiency by automating response actions, maintaining both security and productivity.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection mitigates identity-based risks but does not prevent malware or ransomware execution on endpoints.

Option D – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud application usage and enforces data protection policies, but cannot prevent malware execution on endpoints.

Implementation steps:

Test ASR rules in a controlled environment to reduce false positives.

Gradually deploy ASR rules organization-wide while monitoring user impact.

Configure automated remediation for detected threats.

Continuously monitor alerts and refine ASR policies.

Educate users on safe computing practices to complement technical measures.

Deploying MDE with ASR rules ensures proactive, behavior-based protection, reducing ransomware and malware risks while maintaining operational efficiency.

Question 126 :

Your organization wants to enforce security policies for cloud applications, detect suspicious activity, and prevent unauthorized data sharing. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Microsoft Cloud App Security
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Explanation:

Microsoft Cloud App Security (MCAS) is a cloud-native security platform that enables organizations to secure cloud applications, monitor activity, and prevent unauthorized data sharing. Cloud environments introduce risks such as unsanctioned applications, insider threats, and accidental data exposure, making comprehensive monitoring and control essential.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: Defender for Endpoint protects devices against malware and ransomware, but does not enforce policies or monitor cloud application activity. Endpoint protection alone cannot address risks from cloud usage.

Option B – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS discovers all cloud applications in use, categorizes them as sanctioned or unsanctioned, and applies session-level controls to prevent risky activities such as mass downloads, unauthorized sharing, and uploading sensitive files to unapproved platforms. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies, including unusual logins, excessive file access, and suspicious collaboration patterns, which may indicate insider threats or compromised accounts. Integration with Microsoft Information Protection ensures sensitive data is automatically labeled and protected according to compliance policies. Dashboards and alerts allow security teams to respond in real time and continuously refine policies.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection evaluates identity risks and risky sign-ins but does not enforce cloud application security policies or prevent data exfiltration.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates and analyzes security logs but does not directly enforce cloud application policies or prevent data leaks without MCAS integration.

Implementation steps:

Discover all cloud applications and assess their risk profiles.

Enforce session-level policies to control high-risk actions.

Integrate with Microsoft Information Protection for automatic labeling and protection.

Monitor dashboards and alerts to detect anomalous activity.

Continuously refine policies to maintain security and compliance.

MCAS ensures organizations can detect suspicious activity, enforce policies, and prevent unauthorized data sharing in cloud applications, providing a proactive cloud security posture.

Question 127 :

Your organization wants to detect and respond to risky sign-ins and compromised accounts automatically, enforcing multi-factor authentication or blocking access based on risk levels. Which solution should be implemented?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Azure AD Identity Protection
C) Microsoft Cloud App Security
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation:

Azure AD Identity Protection focuses on detecting risky sign-ins and compromised accounts and enabling adaptive access controls. Identity-based attacks remain one of the most prevalent threats, and automating detection and response is essential to maintaining a secure environment. Identity Protection uses behavioral analytics, machine learning, and Microsoft threat intelligence to assess risk levels for users and sign-ins.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: Defender for Endpoint secures devices against malware and ransomware but does not evaluate authentication risk or enforce adaptive access policies.

Option B – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection assigns risk scores to users and sign-ins, considering factors such as unfamiliar locations, anonymous IP addresses, and impossible travel. Conditional Access policies can be configured to require multi-factor authentication for medium-risk users or block high-risk users until verification. Dashboards provide administrators with actionable insights to investigate and mitigate risk, enhancing security posture and supporting regulatory compliance. Automated risk response minimizes manual effort and allows the organization to react in real time to emerging threats.

Option C – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud applications but does not directly evaluate risky sign-ins or enforce adaptive authentication policies.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel correlates logs and provides centralized analysis, but requires integration with Identity Protection to enforce adaptive access controls.

Implementation steps:

Enable user and sign-in risk detection in Identity Protection.

Configure Conditional Access policies to respond automatically to risk levels.

Require MFA for medium-risk users and block access for high-risk users until remediation.

Monitor dashboards and alerts to identify risk trends and prioritize investigations.

Continuously refine policies to adapt to new threats and evolving user behavior.

Deploying Azure AD Identity Protection ensures automated, real-time mitigation of identity risks, reducing the likelihood of account compromise and maintaining robust identity security.

Question 128 :

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Azure AD Identity Protection

Answer: C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Explanation:

Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) is an enterprise-grade platform that provides advanced endpoint protection, including malware, ransomware, and advanced persistent threat (APT) detection. Modern cybersecurity threats are increasingly sophisticated, requiring real-time detection, automated investigation, and remediation to minimize operational impact and protect organizational assets.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS protects cloud applications and data but does not provide endpoint threat detection or remediation.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel provides SIEM and SOAR capabilities, aggregating logs and orchestrating responses, but cannot directly prevent or remediate endpoint malware without MDE.

Option C – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE collects telemetry such as process execution, network activity, registry changes, and file operations. Its Automated Investigation and Remediation (AIR) engine investigates alerts, isolates compromised devices, terminates malicious processes, quarantines files, and restores system configurations. Advanced hunting allows proactive identification of threats, and integration with Sentinel ensures enterprise-wide visibility, correlation, and orchestration. Automation reduces operational burden and enhances security efficiency.

Option D – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection focuses on identity risks but does not protect endpoints from malware, ransomware, or APTs.

Implementation steps:

Onboard all endpoints to MDE for continuous monitoring.

Enable the AIR engine to automate investigation and remediation.

Conduct advanced hunting to detect suspicious activity proactively.

Integrate telemetry with Sentinel for enterprise-wide monitoring and response.

Continuously review and refine policies to maintain optimized protection.

Deploying MDE ensures proactive endpoint security, automated threat response, and reduced operational impact from malware and ransomware attacks.

Question 129 :

Your organization wants centralized monitoring, threat hunting, and automated incident response across endpoints, cloud applications, and identities. Which solution should be implemented?

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: B) Microsoft Sentinel

Explanation:

Microsoft Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR platform that provides centralized monitoring, analytics, threat hunting, and automated incident response. Enterprise environments face threats across endpoints, cloud applications, and identities, necessitating a unified solution to correlate events and enable rapid response.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud application activity but does not provide enterprise-wide SIEM or automated orchestration.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates telemetry from endpoints, cloud applications, and identity sources. Analytics rules detect anomalies, correlate events, and generate actionable alerts. Threat hunting using Kusto Query Language (KQL) enables proactive identification of threats. Automated playbooks orchestrate responses such as device isolation, account disablement, or alerts to security teams. Dashboards provide operational visibility and compliance insights. Centralized monitoring improves detection, investigation, and response efficiency across all domains.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection focuses on identity and authentication risk, not enterprise-wide monitoring or orchestration.

Option D – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE protects endpoints but does not independently provide SIEM, threat hunting, or orchestration capabilities without Sentinel.

Implementation steps:

Connect all telemetry sources (endpoints, cloud apps, identities) to Sentinel.

Configure analytics rules for anomaly detection and event correlation.

Build dashboards for operational and compliance monitoring.

Develop automated playbooks for rapid incident response.

Conduct proactive threat hunting to improve detection and mitigation.

Sentinel provides centralized visibility, analysis, and response, improving overall security operations and resilience.

Question 130 :

A) Microsoft Defender Antivirus
B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Answer: B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules

Explanation:

Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) proactively block behaviors that can lead to ransomware or malware infections. ASR rules reduce the attack surface by preventing execution of high-risk scripts, macros, and untrusted executables, complementing traditional signature-based antivirus solutions.

Option A – Microsoft Defender Antivirus: Traditional antivirus provides reactive, signature-based protection but is less effective against zero-day and behavior-based threats.

Option B – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with ASR rules: ASR rules block risky behaviors, including executing macros from email attachments, running scripts from temporary directories, and launching untrusted executables. Integration with MDE allows telemetry, alerts, and automated remediation. ASR rules reduce ransomware propagation, minimize malware impact, and improve operational efficiency while maintaining productivity.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection mitigates identity-related risks but does not prevent malware execution on endpoints.

Option D – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS secures cloud applications but cannot prevent malware execution on endpoints.

Implementation steps:

Test ASR rules in a controlled environment to minimize false positives.

Deploy ASR rules gradually across endpoints.

Configure automated remediation for detected threats.

Monitor alerts and adjust ASR policies as necessary.

Educate users on safe computing practices to complement technical protections.

Deploying MDE with ASR rules ensures proactive, behavior-based endpoint protection, significantly reducing ransomware and malware risks while maintaining operational efficiency.

Question 131 :

Your organization wants to detect and prevent insider threats in cloud applications by monitoring anomalous user activity and controlling risky behaviors. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Microsoft Cloud App Security
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Explanation:

Microsoft Cloud App Security (MCAS) is a cloud access security broker (CASB) solution designed to provide visibility, control, and threat detection across cloud applications. Insider threats represent a significant risk because authorized users can intentionally or accidentally expose sensitive information. MCAS addresses these threats by monitoring user activity, detecting anomalies, and enforcing policies to prevent data exfiltration.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: While MDE secures endpoints from malware and ransomware, it does not monitor cloud application activity or enforce policies to mitigate insider threats. Endpoint protection alone cannot address risks originating in cloud services.

Option B – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS discovers all cloud applications in use and categorizes them as sanctioned or unsanctioned. It applies session-level controls to prevent high-risk behaviors, such as bulk downloads, unauthorized sharing, and uploading sensitive files to unapproved platforms. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies in user activity, including unusual login patterns, excessive file access, and abnormal collaboration behaviors, which may indicate insider threats or compromised accounts. Integration with Microsoft Information Protection ensures that sensitive data is classified and protected according to regulatory and organizational requirements. Dashboards provide security teams with actionable insights to respond quickly and continuously refine policies.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection evaluates authentication risks and risky sign-ins but does not monitor activity within cloud applications or enforce insider threat policies.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates logs and provides incident correlation, but does not directly enforce cloud application security or prevent data exfiltration without integration with MCAS.

Implementation steps:

Discover and classify all cloud applications used in the organization.

Enforce session-level policies to control risky actions.

Integrate with Microsoft Information Protection for automated data labeling and protection.

Monitor dashboards and alerts to detect anomalies.

Continuously review and refine policies to maintain proactive cloud security.

Deploying MCAS ensures organizations can detect insider threats, enforce policies, and prevent data leaks, providing a comprehensive cloud security posture.

Question 132 :

Your organization wants to detect risky sign-ins, compromised accounts, and enforce adaptive authentication policies, including multi-factor authentication or blocking access based on risk levels. Which solution should be implemented?

A) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
B) Azure AD Identity Protection
C) Microsoft Cloud App Security
D) Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: B) Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation:

Azure AD Identity Protection is a cloud-based solution that identifies risky user sign-ins, evaluates compromised accounts, and enforces adaptive access controls to protect organizational resources. Identity-related threats, such as credential theft or account compromise, are among the most common security risks. Automated detection and response are critical for reducing the likelihood of breaches.

Option A – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: Defender for Endpoint secures endpoints against malware and ransomware but does not analyze authentication risks or enforce adaptive access policies.

Option B – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection calculates risk scores for users and sign-ins by analyzing factors like sign-ins from unusual locations, anonymous IP addresses, and impossible travel scenarios. Conditional Access policies allow organizations to enforce multi-factor authentication for medium-risk users or block access for high-risk users until verification. Dashboards provide actionable insights for administrators to investigate, mitigate risks, and refine policies. Automated risk mitigation reduces manual effort and enhances overall security posture while maintaining regulatory compliance.

Option C – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud applications but does not independently enforce adaptive authentication policies or evaluate risky sign-ins.

Option D – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel collects and correlates security logs but requires integration with Identity Protection to enforce adaptive access controls.

Implementation steps:

Enable risk detection for users and sign-ins in Identity Protection.

Configure Conditional Access policies to respond automatically based on risk levels.

Require MFA for medium-risk sign-ins and block high-risk accounts until verification.

Monitor dashboards for trends and investigate high-priority incidents.

Continuously refine policies to adapt to emerging threats and changing user behavior.

Azure AD Identity Protection ensures real-time detection and automated response to identity threats, reducing account compromise and strengthening organizational security.

Question 133 :

Your organization wants to proactively protect endpoints from malware, ransomware, and advanced persistent threats, while enabling automated investigation and remediation. Which solution should be deployed?

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
D) Azure AD Identity Protection

Answer: C) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Explanation:

Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) is a comprehensive platform for endpoint security, offering protection against malware, ransomware, and advanced persistent threats (APTs). Modern threats require real-time detection, automated investigation, and remediation to minimize operational impact and safeguard sensitive organizational data.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS protects cloud applications and prevents data exfiltration, but does not provide endpoint threat detection or remediation.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR solution that aggregates logs and orchestrates responses, but cannot directly prevent or remediate endpoint threats without MDE integration.

Option C – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE collects rich endpoint telemetry, including process execution, network activity, registry changes, and file operations. Its Automated Investigation and Remediation (AIR) engine automatically investigates alerts, isolates compromised devices, terminates malicious processes, quarantines files, and restores system configurations. Advanced hunting allows proactive threat identification, while integration with Sentinel enables centralized monitoring and incident response orchestration. Automation reduces operational burden and improves overall security efficiency.

Option D – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection monitors sign-in and authentication risks but does not secure endpoints from malware or ransomware.

Implementation steps:

Onboard endpoints to MDE for continuous telemetry collection.

Enable the AIR engine for automated alert investigation and remediation.

Conduct advanced hunting to proactively identify suspicious activities.

Integrate telemetry with Sentinel for enterprise-wide monitoring and response.

Regularly refine security policies to maintain optimal threat detection and remediation efficiency.

Deploying MDE ensures proactive endpoint security, automated threat response, and reduced operational impact from ransomware and malware attacks.

Question 134 :

Your organization wants centralized monitoring, threat hunting, and automated incident response across endpoints, cloud applications, and identities. Which solution should be implemented?

A) Microsoft Cloud App Security
B) Microsoft Sentinel
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: B) Microsoft Sentinel

Explanation:

Microsoft Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR platform that provides centralized monitoring, analytics, threat hunting, and automated incident response. Organizations face security threats across endpoints, cloud applications, and identities, requiring a unified platform to detect, correlate, and respond efficiently.

Option A – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS monitors cloud application usage and enforces session-level policies but does not provide enterprise-wide SIEM or orchestration capabilities.

Option B – Microsoft Sentinel: Sentinel aggregates telemetry from endpoints, cloud apps, and identity sources. Analytics rules detect anomalies, correlate events, and generate actionable alerts. Threat hunting using Kusto Query Language (KQL) enables proactive identification of potential threats. Automated playbooks allow orchestration of responses, such as device isolation, account suspension, or notifications to security teams. Dashboards provide operational visibility and compliance insights. Sentinel enables centralized monitoring, investigation, and response across all organizational domains, improving overall security posture.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection evaluates authentication risks but does not provide enterprise-wide monitoring or automated incident response.

Option D – Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: MDE protects endpoints but does not independently provide SIEM, threat hunting, or orchestration without Sentinel integration.

Implementation steps:

Connect telemetry from endpoints, cloud applications, and identities to Sentinel.

Configure analytics rules for anomaly detection and correlation.

Build dashboards for monitoring and compliance reporting.

Develop automated playbooks for rapid incident response.

Conduct proactive threat hunting to detect emerging threats and refine security policies.

Sentinel provides a unified platform for enterprise-wide threat detection, investigation, and automated response, enhancing security operations and operational resilience.

Question 135 :

A) Microsoft Defender Antivirus
B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules
C) Azure AD Identity Protection
D) Microsoft Cloud App Security

Answer: B) Microsoft Defender for Endpoint with Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules

Explanation:

Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) proactively block behaviors that could lead to ransomware or malware infections. ASR rules reduce the attack surface by controlling high-risk scripts, macros, and untrusted executable files, complementing traditional signature-based antivirus solutions.

Option A – Microsoft Defender Antivirus: Traditional antivirus provides signature-based protection and is reactive, offering limited protection against zero-day attacks or behavior-based threats.

Option C – Azure AD Identity Protection: Identity Protection addresses identity-related risks but cannot prevent malware execution on endpoints.

Option D – Microsoft Cloud App Security: MCAS secures cloud applications but cannot prevent endpoint malware execution.

Implementation steps:

Test ASR rules in a controlled environment to minimize false positives.

Deploy ASR rules gradually across endpoints.

Configure automated remediation for detected threats.

Monitor alerts and adjust ASR policies as necessary.

Educate users on safe computing practices to complement technical protections.

Deploying MDE with ASR rules provides proactive, behavior-based endpoint protection, significantly reducing ransomware and malware risks while maintaining operational efficiency.

Microsoft SC-200 Microsoft Security Operations Analyst Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 9 Q121-135

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