Microsoft AZ-700 Designing and Implementing Microsoft Azure Networking Solutions Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 12 Q166-180

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Question 166:

You need to provide secure, low-latency, private connectivity between VNets in different Azure regions, ensuring traffic does not traverse the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Global VNet Peering allows VNets located in different Azure regions to communicate privately using Microsoft’s backbone network with private IP addresses. This ensures secure, low-latency, and high-throughput communication, which is essential for enterprise-grade distributed applications. Multi-tier solutions, where web, application, and database layers are distributed across different VNets and regions, benefit from seamless connectivity without relying on the public internet, avoiding variability in latency, packet loss, and potential exposure to external threats.

Option B, VPN Gateway, encrypts traffic over the public internet. While VPN Gateway provides security through encryption, it is subject to latency fluctuations, bandwidth limitations, and dependency on external networks. Multi-region deployments require multiple tunnels, complex BGP configurations, and monitoring, making it operationally less efficient for low-latency, high-throughput scenarios.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure, but is cost-prohibitive and operationally unnecessary for VNet-to-VNet connectivity within Azure. ExpressRoute is optimized for hybrid connectivity rather than intra-cloud communication.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. NSGs enhance security but do not establish connectivity. They complement Global VNet Peering by controlling access, but cannot replace the actual connection.

Deploying Global VNet Peering ensures private, high-performance, low-latency communication across regions. It simplifies operations, reduces reliance on VPN tunnels, and supports multi-region, hub-and-spoke, or mesh architectures. NSGs can be layered on top for granular access control. Global VNet Peering aligns with enterprise best practices, providing operational simplicity, predictable network performance, and scalable inter-VNet communication for mission-critical workloads. Global VNet Peering extends the concept of VNet peering beyond a single Azure region, enabling organizations to connect virtual networks across different regions using Microsoft’s private backbone infrastructure. This capability is particularly important for enterprises that deploy geographically distributed applications and require seamless, high-speed, and secure communication between resources. By leveraging the Microsoft backbone, Global VNet Peering avoids the need to route traffic over the public internet, which introduces latency, variability, and potential exposure to security risks. Unlike VPNs, which encapsulate traffic and rely on public networks, peered VNets communicate directly and privately, providing predictable network performance crucial for enterprise-grade applications.

For multi-region deployments, Global VNet Peering simplifies network architecture by eliminating the need to create and maintain multiple VPN tunnels, configure Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) settings, and manage complex routing tables. It supports both hub-and-spoke and mesh topologies, enabling organizations to design scalable and flexible network architectures that can accommodate growth, additional workloads, or new regions without extensive reconfiguration. This scalability is essential for organizations that operate on a global scale, as it allows them to maintain consistent connectivity standards and reduce operational overhead while ensuring that critical workloads remain accessible and performant.

High-throughput communication is another key advantage of Global VNet Peering. Applications that require large amounts of data transfer, such as distributed databases, analytics pipelines, or real-time transaction systems, benefit from the direct, low-latency paths provided by peering. The predictable bandwidth ensures that performance-sensitive workloads meet service-level objectives without the uncertainty associated with public internet routing. Additionally, security is inherently improved, as all traffic remains within Microsoft’s trusted network. Organizations can further enhance security by applying Network Security Groups (NSGs) to peered VNets, allowing granular control over which subnets or resources can communicate. This layered approach maintains robust access policies while leveraging high-performance connectivity.

Operational simplicity is a significant consideration. Global VNet Peering is designed to be easy to configure and manage. Once peering connections are established, routing between VNets is automatically handled by Azure, removing the need for manual route management or complex configurations on network appliances. Monitoring and troubleshooting are also simplified, as traffic remains within Azure’s network, and standard monitoring tools can provide insights into connectivity and performance metrics. This reduces the burden on IT teams and allows them to focus on optimizing workloads rather than managing network intricacies.

Furthermore, Global VNet Peering supports redundancy and high availability. By connecting VNets across regions, organizations can design resilient architectures that continue operating even if one region experiences outages. This capability is crucial for disaster recovery planning and ensures business continuity for mission-critical applications. It aligns with modern cloud architecture principles, emphasizing scalability, security, performance, and operational efficiency. By integrating Global VNet Peering with NSGs, enterprises can enforce access policies while maintaining fast, reliable, and private inter-VNet communication.

Global VNet Peering provides a robust solution for multi-region Azure deployments, combining low-latency, high-throughput connectivity with operational simplicity and enhanced security. It is an essential tool for enterprises aiming to deploy globally distributed applications, ensure predictable performance, and maintain scalable, secure, and resilient network architectures.

Question 167:

You need to implement centralized outbound traffic inspection and policy enforcement for multiple VNets, ensuring automatic scaling, high availability, and integration with threat intelligence. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful firewall providing centralized inspection and policy enforcement for outbound traffic across multiple VNets. It enables administrators to define network and application rules, integrate threat intelligence feeds to proactively block known malicious traffic, and log all traffic for auditing and monitoring purposes. Azure Firewall automatically scales based on traffic volume and provides built-in high availability, ensuring continuous enforcement even during peak demand or regional failures.

Option B, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level but cannot provide centralized traffic inspection or automatic scaling. They are suitable for segmentation but insufficient for enterprise-wide outbound policy enforcement.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 to distribute traffic for high availability but does not inspect traffic or enforce security policies. It is unsuitable for centralized traffic inspection or security enforcement.

Option D, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities, but inspection is limited to HTTP/HTTPS traffic. It cannot inspect all outbound traffic or enforce enterprise-wide policies.

Deploying Azure Firewall allows organizations to maintain consistent security policies, enhance threat detection, and ensure compliance. Its centralized architecture reduces configuration errors and operational complexity. Threat intelligence blocks malicious traffic, while logging enables auditing and monitoring. Azure Firewall integrates with hub-and-spoke architectures, providing centralized inspection without deploying multiple appliances. High availability and auto-scaling ensure uninterrupted policy enforcement. Azure Firewall aligns with enterprise best practices for scalable, secure, and operationally efficient traffic inspection and policy enforcement. Azure Firewall serves as a cornerstone for enterprise network security within Azure, offering a highly resilient, fully managed solution for controlling and monitoring outbound, inbound, and lateral traffic across VNets. Its fully stateful nature means that it maintains context for every connection, ensuring that only legitimate and expected traffic flows are allowed while unauthorized attempts are blocked. Organizations benefit from a centralized point of control, where security policies can be applied consistently across multiple VNets and regions, reducing the likelihood of configuration errors and ensuring compliance with corporate or regulatory standards. The firewall’s centralized design simplifies complex network topologies, eliminating the need for multiple dispersed appliances, which can be difficult to maintain, monitor, and scale in large-scale environments.

One of the key strengths of Azure Firewall is its ability to enforce both network-level and application-level rules, providing a layered approach to security. Network rules allow administrators to control traffic based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols, while application rules inspect fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) to manage access to external services. This dual capability ensures that organizations can tightly regulate which resources are accessible, preventing unauthorized communication while still supporting business requirements. For instance, an enterprise can block access to malicious or non-compliant sites while permitting legitimate business-critical services, maintaining both security and operational continuity.

Azure Firewall also integrates threat intelligence feeds to enhance proactive threat detection. By leveraging curated intelligence from Microsoft and third-party sources, the firewall can automatically identify and block traffic associated with known malicious actors, command-and-control servers, or compromised endpoints. This proactive stance reduces the likelihood of successful attacks, such as malware propagation, data exfiltration, or lateral movement within the network. The integration of threat intelligence with logging and monitoring capabilities enables administrators to perform forensic analysis, detect anomalies, and continuously improve security posture. Centralized logging through Azure Monitor or Log Analytics provides detailed insights into traffic patterns, policy enforcement, and security events, supporting auditing, regulatory compliance, and operational reporting requirements.

Scalability and high availability are critical for enterprise deployments, and Azure Firewall addresses both seamlessly. The service automatically scales based on traffic volume, ensuring consistent policy enforcement even during peak demand periods or sudden surges, such as during large-scale application rollouts or seasonal usage spikes. Built-in high availability guarantees that security enforcement remains uninterrupted, with redundant instances protecting against regional or infrastructure failures. This design is particularly valuable for organizations operating globally, as it provides reliable protection without requiring manual intervention or complex configuration changes to maintain uptime.

Another significant advantage is Azure Firewall’s integration with hub-and-spoke network architectures. In such designs, the firewall acts as a central inspection point for all outbound and inbound traffic, reducing the complexity and cost of deploying multiple firewalls across every VNet. By centralizing inspection and policy enforcement, enterprises can ensure consistency, minimize operational overhead, and simplify compliance reporting. The combination of centralized visibility, proactive threat detection, and automated scalability aligns with best practices for enterprise network security, allowing IT teams to focus on strategic initiatives rather than routine firewall management.

In addition, Azure Firewall supports advanced features such as forced tunneling, virtual network peering integration, and hybrid connectivity, which enable secure, controlled access to on-premises resources, cloud services, and internet destinations. These capabilities make it suitable for modern multi-cloud or hybrid cloud architectures, where security must be consistent across disparate environments. Enterprises can enforce policies uniformly across regions, VNets, and workloads, ensuring that security gaps are minimized and operational complexity is reduced.

Overall, Azure Firewall provides a comprehensive, enterprise-grade solution for centralized network security. It combines stateful inspection, threat intelligence, high availability, automatic scaling, and detailed logging into a single, manageable platform. By deploying Azure Firewall, organizations achieve consistent enforcement of security policies, proactive threat mitigation, and operational efficiency while supporting complex, distributed, and high-demand workloads. Its integration into hub-and-spoke designs and support for multi-region deployments further strengthen its value as a critical component of enterprise network security strategy, ensuring both protection and performance in modern cloud architectures.

Question 168:

You need to dynamically propagate routes across multiple VNets and integrate network virtual appliances for centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement, minimizing manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Route Server automates route propagation across VNets, network virtual appliances (NVAs), and on-premises routers using BGP. This removes the need for manual route management, reduces configuration errors, and ensures consistent routing across complex networks. Integration with NVAs provides centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement, ensuring security and compliance across VNets. Route Server is particularly valuable in large-scale enterprise environments where manual routing is operationally complex and error-prone.

Option B, VPN Gateway, supports dynamic routing using BGP but does not integrate directly with NVAs for centralized inspection. Multi-VNet routing requires manual configuration and monitoring, increasing operational overhead.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure but does not automate route propagation or integrate with NVAs. Manual configuration is needed for route management between VNets, reducing efficiency.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC levels, but cannot manage dynamic routing or centralize inspection. NSGs complement the Route Server but cannot replace its routing capabilities.

Deploying Azure Route Server ensures automated, reliable route propagation while integrating NVAs for centralized inspection. Enterprises gain operational efficiency, reduced configuration errors, and high availability. Route Server provides visibility into route propagation, detects anomalies, and ensures compliance across distributed networks. Supporting hub-and-spoke, hybrid, and multi-region architectures, it delivers consistent, secure, and scalable routing. Combining dynamic routing with centralized inspection aligns with enterprise best practices, enabling operational simplicity, security, and reliable communication across complex network topologies. Azure Route Server is designed to simplify and streamline network routing in complex Azure environments by providing automated route propagation between VNets, network virtual appliances (NVAs), and on-premises networks using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). In large-scale deployments, manually managing routes across multiple VNets and integrating on-premises networks can be time-consuming, error-prone, and operationally challenging. Route Server eliminates these complexities by automatically exchanging route information with connected devices, ensuring that network paths are consistently updated and maintained without human intervention. This automation reduces the risk of misconfigurations, which can lead to network outages, inconsistent routing, or traffic loops, all of which are particularly disruptive in enterprise-grade applications.

The integration of Azure Route Server with NVAs enhances network security and operational efficiency. NVAs, such as firewalls or traffic inspection appliances, often play a critical role in enforcing policies and monitoring traffic. By integrating with Route Server, these appliances receive accurate, dynamically updated routing information without the need for manual route entries. This integration allows enterprises to centralize traffic inspection and policy enforcement while maintaining accurate network topology information across VNets and on-premises connections. Organizations can thus ensure that security policies are consistently applied, traffic flows are predictable, and compliance requirements are met, all while minimizing administrative overhead.

Another key advantage of Azure Route Server is its ability to support complex network architectures such as hub-and-spoke, hybrid, and multi-region deployments. In hub-and-spoke topologies, for instance, centralizing routing in a hub VNet allows spoke VNets to automatically learn routes to each other and to on-premises networks. This reduces the need for manually configuring peering connections or routing tables in each VNet, simplifying management and improving operational agility. In hybrid networks where Azure VNets must communicate with on-premises environments, Route Server enables seamless propagation of routes via BGP, ensuring that network connectivity remains accurate, resilient, and consistent even as network topologies evolve.

High availability and scalability are intrinsic to the value of Azure Route Server. It allows enterprises to deploy multiple instances to ensure uninterrupted route propagation even during maintenance or regional disruptions. As network demands grow, Route Server automatically accommodates additional VNets, NVAs, or on-premises connections without requiring extensive manual configuration. This capability is particularly important for enterprises that operate globally or need to maintain connectivity across multiple Azure regions, where maintaining manual route tables would be operationally cumbersome and prone to errors.

Azure Route Server also provides enhanced visibility into network behavior and routing anomalies. Administrators can monitor the propagation of routes, track changes, and quickly identify issues that could affect traffic flow or security. This visibility is crucial for troubleshooting complex networking scenarios and ensuring compliance with internal and regulatory requirements. By providing a centralized point for route management and integrating security inspection through NVAs, Route Server enables enterprises to balance operational simplicity with robust security and compliance enforcement.

In addition, Route Server supports dynamic routing with minimal latency impact. Unlike static routes that require manual updates and careful coordination, dynamic routing ensures that VNets and NVAs always have up-to-date path information, allowing traffic to take the most efficient route and improving application performance. This dynamic behavior is essential for distributed applications, microservices architectures, and real-time workloads that rely on predictable, low-latency connectivity.

Overall, Azure Route Server delivers automated, reliable, and scalable route propagation while integrating with NVAs for centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement. It reduces operational complexity, improves security and compliance, ensures high availability, and provides visibility into routing behaviors across complex enterprise networks. By combining these capabilities, Route Server aligns with best practices for modern network architecture, enabling enterprises to maintain secure, consistent, and efficient connectivity across multi-VNet, hybrid, and multi-region deployments.

Question 169:

You need to provide private, high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets to support enterprise workloads requiring predictable performance and operational reliability. Which service should you deploy?

A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

ExpressRoute provides dedicated, private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet. This guarantees predictable performance, low latency, and high throughput, which are essential for enterprise workloads like real-time analytics, large databases, and mission-critical financial systems. ExpressRoute supports multi-VNet and multi-region connectivity, enabling hybrid cloud deployments with enterprise-grade reliability.

Option B, VPN Gateway, provides encrypted internet-based connectivity but is subject to latency fluctuations, bandwidth limitations, and reliance on public internet stability. VPN Gateway is less suitable for predictable, high-performance enterprise workloads.

Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to VMs without exposing public IPs. Bastion focuses on management access rather than high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules but do not provide connectivity or throughput guarantees. NSGs complement connectivity solutions but cannot replace dedicated transport mechanisms like ExpressRoute.

Deploying ExpressRoute ensures predictable, high-performance connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. Bypassing the public internet enhances security and reliability, supporting disaster recovery, multi-VNet communication, and enterprise-grade workloads. Integration with monitoring tools allows performance tracking, capacity planning, and proactive operational management. ExpressRoute aligns with hybrid cloud networking best practices, providing operational simplicity, scalability, and enterprise-grade reliability. Organizations benefit from predictable performance, enhanced security, and operational reliability, ensuring business-critical workloads function optimally.

Question 170:

You need to route global users to the nearest healthy application endpoint to optimize performance, maintain high availability, and support disaster recovery. Which Azure service should you implement?

A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Traffic Manager is a global DNS-based traffic routing solution that directs users to the nearest or healthiest application endpoint. It supports multiple routing methods, including performance-based, priority, weighted, and geographic routing. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes traffic in case of failures, ensuring high availability, optimized performance, and disaster recovery readiness. This is essential for globally distributed applications that require minimized latency and maximum uptime.

Option B, Application Gateway, provides regional layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities but cannot perform global DNS-based routing, health-based failover, or latency optimization across multiple regions.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot route traffic globally, provide health-based failover, or optimize latency for global users.

Option D, Azure Firewall, inspects and filters traffic for security purposes but does not provide global routing or disaster recovery support. Its primary role is security enforcement, not performance optimization or high availability.

Deploying Azure Traffic Manager ensures users are routed to the closest healthy endpoint, reducing latency and improving responsiveness. It enhances global application availability and supports disaster recovery by rerouting traffic during regional outages. Traffic monitoring provides visibility into endpoint health, user experience, and traffic patterns, enabling proactive operational management. Traffic Manager aligns with enterprise best practices for globally distributed applications, ensuring operational continuity, optimized performance, and disaster recovery readiness. It provides intelligent routing, health monitoring, and automatic failover for resilient, scalable, and globally distributed enterprise applications.

Question 171:

You need to establish private, secure, low-latency connectivity between VNets in different Azure regions, ensuring that traffic does not traverse the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Global VNet Peering allows private connectivity between Azure VNets across different regions using Microsoft’s backbone network and private IP addresses. This solution ensures secure, high-throughput, and low-latency communication that does not traverse the public internet, providing predictable network performance for mission-critical applications. It supports multi-region, multi-tier architectures where web, application, and database layers are distributed across separate VNets. The private backbone ensures traffic integrity, mitigates exposure to external threats, and provides operational simplicity by eliminating the need for multiple VPN tunnels or complex routing.

Option B, VPN Gateway, while providing encrypted connectivity, relies on the public internet, which is subject to latency fluctuations, bandwidth constraints, and potential reliability issues. Multi-region deployments using VPN Gateway require manual tunnel creation, BGP configuration, and monitoring, increasing operational overhead and potential points of failure. VPN Gateway is better suited for hybrid connectivity scenarios rather than high-performance VNet-to-VNet communication.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides dedicated, private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. Using ExpressRoute for inter-VNet communication is operationally inefficient and cost-prohibitive. ExpressRoute is optimized for hybrid cloud architectures, not intra-cloud VNet-to-VNet communication.

Option D, NSGs, enforce security at the subnet or NIC level but do not provide connectivity. While NSGs can complement Global VNet Peering by controlling access, they do not establish network connections.

Deploying Global VNet Peering ensures private, secure, low-latency connectivity across regions. Enterprises benefit from predictable performance, simplified management, and operational efficiency. Peering supports hub-and-spoke, mesh, and multi-region architectures, disaster recovery, and high availability. Combining VNet Peering with NSGs provides granular security, allowing enterprises to enforce access policies without compromising connectivity. This aligns with best practices for enterprise networking in Azure, ensuring secure, reliable, and scalable inter-VNet communication.

Question 172:

You need to enforce centralized outbound traffic inspection and policy enforcement across multiple VNets, ensuring high availability, automatic scaling, and integration with threat intelligence. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful firewall that provides centralized policy enforcement and traffic inspection across multiple VNets. It allows administrators to define network and application rules, apply threat intelligence feeds to block known malicious traffic, and generate detailed logs for auditing and monitoring. Azure Firewall automatically scales to accommodate traffic increases and provides high availability, ensuring consistent policy enforcement during traffic spikes or regional outages.

Option B, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level but lack centralized policy management, automatic scaling, and application-level inspection. NSGs are critical for segmentation but cannot enforce enterprise-wide outbound policies across multiple VNets.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, provides layer 4 traffic distribution to ensure availability but does not inspect traffic or enforce security policies. It is unsuitable for centralized outbound traffic inspection and policy enforcement.

Option D, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities, inspecting only HTTP/HTTPS traffic. It cannot inspect all outbound traffic or enforce enterprise-wide security policies, limiting its use for global traffic inspection.

Deploying Azure Firewall allows organizations to implement consistent security policies, improve threat detection, and achieve compliance across multiple VNets. Its centralized architecture reduces operational complexity and configuration errors. Threat intelligence automatically blocks malicious traffic, while logging provides visibility for auditing and operational monitoring. Azure Firewall integrates seamlessly with hub-and-spoke architectures, allowing centralized inspection without deploying multiple firewalls. High availability and auto-scaling ensure continuous enforcement, enabling organizations to maintain security and compliance at enterprise scale. Azure Firewall aligns with best practices for secure, scalable, and operationally efficient traffic inspection and policy enforcement in complex cloud environments.

Question 173:

You need to dynamically propagate routes across multiple VNets while integrating network virtual appliances for centralized inspection and policy enforcement, minimizing manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Route Server automates route propagation between VNets, network virtual appliances (NVAs), and on-premises routers using BGP. It eliminates manual route management, reduces configuration errors, and ensures consistent routing across complex networks. Integration with NVAs enables centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement, maintaining security and compliance across VNets. Route Server is highly valuable for enterprise-scale networks where manual routing would be operationally intensive and prone to human error.

Option B, VPN Gateway, supports dynamic routing with BGP but does not integrate directly with NVAs. Multi-VNet routing using VPN Gateway requires manual configuration, monitoring, and operational effort, making it less efficient for large-scale deployments.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure but does not automate route propagation or integrate with NVAs. Manual configuration is required for routing between VNets, increasing operational complexity.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC levels, but cannot manage dynamic routing or centralize traffic inspection. NSGs complement the Route Server but cannot replace its routing capabilities.

Deploying Azure Route Server ensures automated and reliable route propagation while integrating NVAs for centralized inspection. Enterprises gain operational efficiency, reduced configuration errors, and high availability. Route Server provides visibility into route propagation, detects anomalies, and ensures compliance across distributed networks. It supports hub-and-spoke, hybrid, and multi-region architectures, delivering consistent, secure, and scalable routing. Combining dynamic routing with centralized inspection aligns with enterprise best practices, enabling operational simplicity, security, and reliable communication across complex network topologies.

Question 174:

You need to provide private, high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, ensuring predictable performance and enterprise-grade reliability. Which service should you deploy?

A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

ExpressRoute provides dedicated private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet. This ensures predictable performance, low latency, and high throughput, which is essential for enterprise workloads such as real-time analytics, large-scale databases, and financial systems. ExpressRoute supports multi-VNet and multi-region connectivity, enabling hybrid cloud deployments with enterprise-grade reliability.

Option B, VPN Gateway, provides encrypted internet-based connectivity but is subject to latency fluctuations, bandwidth limitations, and reliance on public internet stability. VPN Gateway is less suitable for workloads requiring predictable, high-performance connectivity.

Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to VMs without exposing public IP addresses. Bastion focuses on management access rather than high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets.

Deploying ExpressRoute ensures predictable, high-performance connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. Bypassing the public internet improves security, reliability, and operational efficiency. Integration with monitoring tools allows performance tracking, capacity planning, and proactive operational management. ExpressRoute aligns with hybrid cloud networking best practices, supporting disaster recovery, multi-VNet communication, and enterprise-grade workloads. Organizations benefit from predictable performance, enhanced security, and operational reliability, ensuring business-critical workloads function optimally.

Question 175:

A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Traffic Manager is a global DNS-based traffic routing solution that directs users to the nearest or healthiest application endpoint. It supports multiple routing methods, including performance-based, priority, weighted, and geographic routing. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes traffic in the event of failures, ensuring high availability, optimized performance, and disaster recovery readiness. This is essential for globally distributed applications where minimizing latency and maximizing uptime are critical.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot provide global routing, health-based failover, or latency optimization for worldwide users.

Question 176:

You need to provide private, secure, and high-throughput connectivity between VNets in different Azure regions for multi-tier applications, ensuring traffic does not traverse the public internet. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Global VNet Peering
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Global VNet Peering enables direct, private connectivity between VNets across different Azure regions using Microsoft’s global backbone network. This solution provides low-latency, high-throughput communication without traversing the public internet, which is critical for multi-tier applications where web, application, and database tiers reside in separate VNets across regions. The private backbone ensures data integrity, reduces exposure to security threats, and provides predictable performance. Enterprises benefit from simplified operations because peering removes the need for multiple VPN tunnels, complex routing tables, or reliance on external networking solutions.

Option B, VPN Gateway, provides encrypted connectivity over the public internet. While secure, it is subject to variable latency, bandwidth limitations, and dependency on external networks, which can affect application performance. Deploying VPN Gateway across regions introduces operational complexity due to tunnel management, BGP configuration, and continuous monitoring requirements. VPN Gateway is more appropriate for hybrid connectivity scenarios than inter-VNet high-performance communication.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. Using ExpressRoute solely for VNet-to-VNet communication is cost-prohibitive and operationally unnecessary. ExpressRoute is designed for hybrid cloud deployments, ensuring predictable performance and low latency for on-premises to cloud connections rather than intra-cloud VNet connectivity.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level. NSGs improve security by controlling allowed and denied traffic, but do not provide connectivity between VNets. They are complementary to Global VNet Peering but cannot replace the need for network links.

Deploying Global VNet Peering ensures enterprises achieve private, secure, low-latency connectivity across regions. Peering supports hub-and-spoke, mesh, and multi-region architectures, disaster recovery, and high availability. Combined with NSGs, organizations can enforce granular access control while maintaining seamless inter-VNet communication. Global VNet Peering is considered a best practice for multi-region, enterprise-grade Azure network designs, providing operational simplicity, secure connectivity, predictable performance, and scalability.

Question 177:

You need to enforce centralized outbound traffic inspection, policy enforcement, and threat intelligence integration across multiple VNets, while ensuring automatic scaling and high availability. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Firewall
B) NSGs
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Application Gateway

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Firewall is a fully managed, stateful firewall solution that centralizes inspection and policy enforcement across multiple VNets. It allows administrators to define network and application rules, leverage threat intelligence to block known malicious traffic, and maintain detailed logging for auditing and monitoring. Azure Firewall automatically scales to handle traffic fluctuations and ensures high availability, enabling uninterrupted enforcement of security policies during peak usage or regional failures.

Option B, NSGs, provides subnet- or NIC-level traffic filtering. While they are critical for segmentation and access control, they do not provide centralized management, application-level traffic inspection, automatic scaling, or threat intelligence integration. NSGs complement centralized firewalls but cannot enforce enterprise-wide outbound policies independently.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, provides layer 4 traffic distribution to maintain high availability but lacks traffic inspection, threat intelligence, or policy enforcement capabilities. It is not a security-focused solution and cannot enforce centralized security policies across VNets.

Option D, Application Gateway, provides layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities. Its traffic inspection is limited to HTTP/HTTPS and does not cover all outbound traffic or provide enterprise-wide security policy enforcement. Application Gateway cannot replace Azure Firewall for centralized, fully managed, scalable security enforcement.

Deploying Azure Firewall ensures enterprises maintain consistent security policies, improve threat detection, and achieve compliance across multiple VNets. Its centralized architecture reduces operational complexity and human error. Threat intelligence integration proactively blocks malicious traffic, while logging and monitoring provide visibility for auditing and operational management. Azure Firewall integrates with hub-and-spoke network topologies to centralize inspection without deploying multiple appliances. Automatic scaling and high availability ensure continuous policy enforcement, supporting secure, scalable, and operationally efficient cloud networking aligned with enterprise best practices.

Question 178:

You need to dynamically propagate routes across multiple VNets and integrate network virtual appliances for centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement while minimizing manual configuration. Which Azure service should you deploy?

A) Azure Route Server
B) VPN Gateway
C) ExpressRoute
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Route Server automates the propagation of routes between VNets, network virtual appliances (NVAs), and on-premises routers using BGP. By doing so, it removes the need for manual route configuration, reduces human error, and ensures consistent routing across complex enterprise networks. Integrating NVAs enables centralized traffic inspection and policy enforcement, providing security and compliance across multiple VNets. Route Server is critical for enterprise-scale networks where manual route management is operationally intensive and prone to misconfiguration.

Option B, VPN Gateway, supports dynamic routing via BGP but does not natively integrate with NVAs for centralized traffic inspection. Using VPN Gateway for large-scale multi-VNet routing requires manual configuration, ongoing monitoring, and careful operational management, increasing the risk of errors and downtime.

Option C, ExpressRoute, provides private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure but does not automate intra-cloud route propagation or integrate directly with NVAs. Using ExpressRoute for this purpose requires manual route configuration, resulting in operational complexity.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules at the subnet or NIC level but cannot handle dynamic route propagation or centralized inspection. NSGs complement the Route Server by controlling access, but cannot replace its routing functionality.

Deploying Azure Route Server ensures automated, reliable route propagation while integrating NVAs for centralized inspection. Enterprises benefit from operational efficiency, fewer configuration errors, high availability, and scalable network management. Route Server provides visibility into route propagation, anomaly detection, and policy compliance. It supports hub-and-spoke, hybrid, and multi-region architectures, enabling consistent, secure, and scalable routing. This combination aligns with enterprise best practices, simplifying operations while ensuring secure, predictable, and resilient network connectivity.

Question 179:

A) ExpressRoute
B) VPN Gateway
C) Azure Bastion
D) NSGs

Answer:
A

Explanation:

ExpressRoute offers dedicated private connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets, bypassing the public internet. This guarantees predictable performance, low latency, and high throughput, making it ideal for enterprise workloads such as mission-critical databases, analytics pipelines, and financial applications. ExpressRoute supports multiple VNets and regions, enabling hybrid cloud deployments with enterprise-grade reliability and operational simplicity.

Option B, VPN Gateway, provides encrypted internet-based connectivity. While secure, VPN Gateway is subject to variable latency, limited bandwidth, and public internet dependency, making it unsuitable for workloads requiring high-performance and predictable connectivity.

Option C, Azure Bastion, provides secure administrative access to VMs without public IP exposure. Bastion focuses on secure management access rather than high-throughput, low-latency connectivity between on-premises networks and VNets.

Option D, NSGs, enforce traffic rules but do not provide connectivity or throughput guarantees. NSGs complement connectivity solutions but cannot replace dedicated high-performance transport.

Deploying ExpressRoute ensures predictable, secure, high-performance connectivity between on-premises networks and Azure VNets. Bypassing the public internet improves reliability, security, and operational efficiency. Integration with monitoring tools enables proactive performance management, capacity planning, and operational oversight. ExpressRoute supports disaster recovery, multi-VNet communication, and hybrid workloads. Enterprises gain predictable performance, enhanced security, and operational reliability, ensuring mission-critical workloads function optimally while following best practices for hybrid cloud networking in Azure.

Question 180:

A) Azure Traffic Manager
B) Application Gateway
C) Standard Load Balancer
D) Azure Firewall

Answer:
A

Explanation:

Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based global traffic routing solution that directs users to the closest or healthiest application endpoint. It supports multiple routing methods, including performance-based, priority-based, weighted, and geographic routing. Traffic Manager continuously monitors endpoint health and automatically reroutes traffic during failures, ensuring high availability, optimized performance, and disaster recovery readiness. This is crucial for globally distributed applications where latency minimization and maximum uptime are critical.

Option B, Application Gateway, provides regional layer 7 load balancing with WAF capabilities. While effective for regional traffic management and HTTP/HTTPS inspection, it does not perform global DNS-based routing or latency-based health routing.

Option C, Standard Load Balancer, operates at layer 4 and is region-specific. It cannot manage global user routing, health-based failover across regions, or optimize latency for worldwide users.

Option D, Azure Firewall, inspects and filters traffic for security purposes but does not provide global routing, latency optimization, or disaster recovery functionality. Its role is security enforcement, not performance optimization or global availability.

Deploying Azure Traffic Manager ensures users are routed to the nearest healthy endpoint, reducing latency and improving responsiveness. It enhances global availability, disaster recovery capabilities, and operational continuity. Traffic monitoring provides insights into endpoint health, user experience, and traffic patterns, enabling proactive operational management. Traffic Manager supports enterprise best practices for globally distributed applications, ensuring resilience, optimized performance, and high availability across multiple regions. It provides intelligent routing, health monitoring, and automatic failover for scalable and reliable global applications.

Microsoft AZ-700 Designing and Implementing Microsoft Azure Networking Solutions Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 12 Q166-180

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